Leading Change in Education

This assignment delves into the concept of leading change within education. It examines different leadership styles and strategies employed to drive positive transformation in schools and learning environments. Students are expected to analyze scholarly sources, such as research articles and books, focusing on topics like conscious capitalism, educational technologists' roles, and effective implementation strategies for change.

RQF Unit 35 Understanding and Leading Change

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Comparison between two organisations with impact of change on an organisational
strategy and operations...........................................................................................................1
P2 Ways through which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team and
individual behaviour...............................................................................................................4
P3 Measures that can be taken to minimise negative impact of change on organisational
behaviour................................................................................................................................7
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................9
P4 Different barriers of change and their influence on decision making...............................9
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................10
P5 Different approaches of leadership while dealing with change......................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Business environment is much dynamic in nature; thus, it will modify according to time.
It is necessary for superior to develop appropriate strategies so that they will alter it according to
their needs and wants (Anderson and Anderson, 2012). By understanding change effectively,
employer will be able to manage entire things or activities in an effective and efficient way.
Present assignment is based on Trafalgar and Wild N' Happy, they both are a tour operation
affiliation. This report is going to highlight comparison amongst them with impact of change. It
is required for an enterprise to implement change in firm as this will assist them to improve their
profits and in addition market share. By doing this, they enable to retain customers for maximum
period of time. Additionally, they will take benefits from their contenders at marketplace
effectually. Rather than this, this project is going to describe Kotter's model of change.
TASK 1
P1 Comparison between two organisations with impact of change on an organisational strategy
and operations
Executive is required to make modification in program, policies and structure so that they
are able to function system effectively. This help management to accomplish results by directing
all staff members and providing them skills and knowledge through which they are able to carry
out activities properly (Aslan and Reigeluth, 2013). By making improvement in tools and
techniques, firm is able to manufacture goods and services quickly and in better manner. As a
result, this advantage organisation to position themselves superiors than rival firms and prosper
with time.
Companies make improvement in strategies, people, technology and tactics so that they
are able to keep system updated according to market situations. This help superior to achieve
outcomes which are beneficial for them and through which they are able to fulfil customers
requirement. By building programs through which firm is able to solve complex conditions;
finding appropriate solutions for them. As in case of Thomas Cook and Cosmos Tours which are
prominent tour agencies functioning operations in United Kingdom. Both firms are providing
similar offerings to customers. Thomas Cook is large scale firm which is having branches in
different nations while Cosmos Tours is small scale organisation. Therefore, this can be
comprehended that risk is more in large enterprise than small ones (Bingham and Main, 2016).
These are changes between both firms are stated as follows:
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Basis Trafalgar Wild N' Happy
Change in external factors Company is required to make
improvement in strategies
according to government
policies and customers
demand. This will help
manager to direct employees
and make them carry out tasks
effectively. Therefore, they are
able to enhance functionality
of system and thereby
improving profitability by
modifying their tactics.
As firm is operating activities
at small scale; changes in
extrinsic forces don't influence
working of system largely.
Although, such changes would
not impacted so much just
because social aspect could not
reflect much interference on
them. This need to assess and
understand properly so that
determine outcome could be
imposed.
Structural change This sort of alteration will not
provide affect to their working
framework as they are already
following hierarchical
structure into their association.
They are not following any
particular structure into
business as they are working at
small scale.
Emerging technologies They are using latest
techniques into business so
that they will be able to
produce more effective
products and services.
As they are not having
sufficient amount of fund;
thus, it is not easy for them to
use latest tools into business
operations.
In an enterprise, superior frame plans and policies through which they are able to handle
complex conditions and find appropriate solutions through which adequate action can take place.
Strategy: Any improvement in tactics of system, require management to make changes in
program (Carrington, Deppeler and Moss, 2015). This will help them to keep employees
dedicated towards their work by providing them instructions; taking care that activities occurred
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positively. As noted by superior that extrinsic factors influence organisation functionality, so
they use PEST analysis to explore all forces affecting their firm.
Operations: Manager should take care that business activities are occurring in better way.
They keep improving tools and techniques in according to market situations; so that outcomes
are attained as prescribed by executives.
Therefore, both Thomas Cook and Cosmos Tours make changes in system through which
they are able to solve problems and thereby enhance their market reputation. By making
appropriate plans through which superiors are able to safeguard organisation from unfavourable
conditions (Doppelt, 2017).
SWOT analysis: Strengths: Trafalgar is a popular enterprise and they have appropriate resources;
therefore, they will confront any situations effectively. Negative conditions will affect
them minimum as compare to Wild N' Happy, because they do not have sufficient
resources to face situations Weaknesses: If there is any modifications in techniques and political conditions then this
will affect operational exercises. Strategies and policies need to get modified as per
requirements. Opportunities: Company is operating their business at wide level; hence, they have to
confront various customers. This assists to promote items as well as services in a proper
manner. On the other hand, Wild N' Happy is going to expand business activities and it
enables to enhance client base.
PEST analysis: Political: Both affiliation needs to determine political factors so that overall things will
be manage significantly. If there is some alterations in laws of government then, this will
influence operational activities. Economical: If buying power of an enterprise is much high then, this presents that
economical condition of association is better. But if there is variation into this, then this
will affect behaviour of people. Social: It is must for an enterprise to provide goods and services to customers as per their
desires. Thus, they will fulfil it within certain time span.
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 Technological: It is essential for both firms to use latest methodologies into business;
therefore, they will develop innovative items. Along with, entire things get controlled
properly.
There are certain differences and similarities amongst both, this is stated as beneath:
Basis Trafalgar Wild N' Happy
Change in external factors Any modifications in policies
of government will provide
impact to customers'
requirements. Along with, it
will provide impact to
organisational strategies as
well.
They are doing business at
small scale; thus, extrinsic
elements will not affect them.
Structural change Changes in structure of
enterprise with create risk and
to diminish it, it is must to
follow proper hierarchy.
There will be some employees
at workplace who never want
to adopt modifications.
P2 Ways through which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team and
individual behaviour
It is must for manager to identify and implement latest techniques as well as
methodologies into business so that they will manage change in association effectually. This will
help to manage working operations. Therefore, by acquiring opportunities an organisation will
improve their profits which aid them to take benefits from their rivals at competitive world.
Alterations in business will influence an individual's behaviour and in addition leadership
qualities. Employer needs to arrange external and internal drivers in an appropriate manner;
therefore, they will determine impact of change (Finnigan and Stewart, 2012).
Henceforth, there are certain extrinsic components will affect behaviour of an individual,
team and leadership: Customer led drivers: It has been evaluated that purchasers are end user of products as
well as services. Therefore, it is essential for superior to sell them products as per tastes
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and inclinations. Along with, while formulating plans or policies for Trafalgar and Wild
N' Happy, manager needs to take them into under consideration. Technology led drivers: Company has to utilize unique methods for accomplishment of
business activities because it aids them to compete with rivals at competitive world. This
will assist them to reduce unwanted cost and in addition, they enable to acquire positive
results effectively. Investors led drivers: It is require for an enterprise to keep up working performance of
business; therefore, they will be able to satisfy investors in an appropriate way. Competitors led drivers: It has been examined that, competitors are increasing rapidly
(Fullan, 2014). So that, it is needed for Trafalgar and Wild N' Happy to formulate
effective strategies as this will aid them to take benefits from contenders. Government led drivers: Modifications in acts or laws of regulatory body will cater
impact to business operations either in a direct or indirect manner. For this, they will
conduct PEST analysis as this will help manager to comprehend extrinsic environment.
Above discussed drivers are related with change, to deal with them superior of Trafalgar
and Wild N' Happy will formulate some effective strategies. Political: Superiors need to have information about all elements through which they are
able to regulate activities in better way. They should make modifications in strategies;
according to changes made by government in rules and regulations. This will help
management to maintain system through which they are able to deal with market
conditions effectively. Economical: It is a component through which firm in changing decision of customers
(Fyke and Buzzanell, 2013). They are benefited as people are having good amount of
funds available with them; through which they are able to purchase items according to
their requirements. As a result, this will enhance country's state of economy. Social: People style of living, belief and habits never remain static; as this modify with
passage of time. So, superior require to find customers demand and manufacture items
accordingly. This will help them to position themselves superior than competitors by
establishing bond with people.
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 Technological: Organisation should use modern tactics in system through which they are
able produce good quality products and services. This also help manager to timely deliver
offerings through which they are able to compete with rival firms.
Rather than this, while making strategies they also need to consider internal drivers; thus,
they will acquire positive outcomes: Strengths: Trafalgar is doing business in a wide manner; thus, it is must for them to use
resources in an appropriate manner. This will assist them to deal with negative conditions
effectually and in addition they will easily expand business operations (Hintz and Bahia,
2013). Rather than this, Wild N' Happy is a small affiliation; therefore, it is much
difficult for them to deal with circumstances effectively. Weaknesses: In modern era, methods and techniques are modifying regularly which will
cater influence to activities of an enterprise. If any alterations are taking place in political
element then, it is required for superior to develop policies again. Opportunities: Trafalgar is operating their business at large scale; therefore, they have to
accomplish requirements of every clients effectually. This will assist them into
improvisation of revenues and will able to take advantages from rivals. Instead of this,
Wild N' Happy is fulfilling needs of domestic individuals. Threats: Competitors will be either at national or global level which will provide impact
to revenues of an organisation (Inozu and et. al., 2016).
In organisation, superiors applies Burke Litwan model in system through which they are
able to control influence of internal and external forces.. These are constituents which are
discussed below:
Input and output element: Management consider these components while formulating
plans for their firm. They need to evaluate working of all staff members so that they are able to
enhance their capabilities according to their duties. This benefit company to attain results by
utilising resources efficiently.
Transformational element: This component is related with executives; as this determine
their ability through which they are able to make improvement in system. By adopting this
leadership style, they frame mission and vision through which appropriate outcomes are
accomplished. Thomas Cook had recognise all forces through which company is able to get best
conclusion (Nahavandi, 2016).
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Transactional element: Superior should make improvement in tools and techniques so
that they are able to take care that business activities are occurring in better way. Hence, manager
provide adequate information to employees through which they function effectively. As a result,
firm is able to accomplish their goals within specified time limit.
Basis Planned change Emergent change
Meaning Planned changes are those
which used to take place for a
specified reason to gain
sustainability in working.
These changes or
modifications are frequent in
nature whom do not have any
kind of interference at work
and management do not much
aware about it.
Change impact analysis At the time of planned
changes, positive and negative
attributes used to get
understand in appropriate
manner. The change impact
analysis regarding this aspect
could be derive and define all
favourable and unfavourable
consideration properly.
Emergent changes hardly
derive positive attribute where
employees resist the most to
accept them. This need to get
done through change impact
analysis where management do
not have sufficient time to do
this. Thus, possibility of
negative influences are more.
Benefits Trafalgar could gain benefits
of planned changes where
management become able to
evaluate all major associated
cause. This will enable them to
gain better associated result
and convert negative harm into
positive ones.
Trafalgar need to understand
the consequences related with
emergent changes. Through
such alteration management
used to face heavy negative
influence where major one is
resistance by the employees of
a company which is not
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appropriate.
Leaders of a company stated that they have a good working interference with external
influences. Like leaders have to understand about the external influence of customers where the
taste and preference need to be recognise properly. Leaders of a company could enable
individual and group at the time of change in better manner where they suppose to motivate each
and every individual properly. Like many individuals and group of employees resist themselves
to perform better and in effective manner at the time of change and used to not to understand
about that as well. Thus, leaders of Trafalgar and Wild N' Happy have to determine such aspects
properly which enable and support them to manage things better and proper. Although, leaders
are the only one whom support business and a firm to deal with change by motivating each and
every individual properly by signifying that such change define positive attribute.
P3 Measures that can be taken to minimise negative impact of change on organisational
behaviour
Superiors know that alterations which are made in system will either be beneficial or
distracting for them. So, they need to keep evaluating that they are able to earn adequate results
even through improvement made in tools and techniques. Manager also require to find opinions
of all staff members in relation to modifications they have made in system. By providing
appropriate information to employees that they don't confront to change. These are process
which administration follows through which they eliminate problems which are influencing
companies success are stated beneath:
Creation of pathway: Manager need to provide adequate instruction to employees so that
they complete tasks effectively (Thomas and et. al., 2013). If employer organise meetings timely;
then they are able to enquire about issues faced by workers if they are having good relationship
with them. So by informing staff members about outcomes they need to achieve will make them
carry out activities in better way.
Explain about plans: Human resource manager should inform all staff members about
policies and program. This will keep them dedicated towards their duties specified to them by
superiors and function effectively. Hence, employees will complete their tasks and also attain
targets within specified time frame.
Participation in meetings and seminars groups: Workers will perform activities in better
manner, if they feel connected by organisation. So it is employer duty to include them in all
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meetings and take opinions. This provide them feedback through which they are able to make
modifications in system which are necessary to be made; and explaining reason of all alterations
(Van der Voet, Kuipers and Groeneveld, 2015).
Manage planning and its implementation: Superiors know that if staff members are
having capabilities in according to activities provided to them; then they will perform it in better
way. Therefore, by regulating programs manager is able to get appropriate results through which
firm goals and objectives are accomplished.
Implementation of plan with suitable goals and targets: It is last step which specify that
superior are required to make transformation in program; according to aims and objectives
formulated by executives. This will help management to accomplish targets within deadlines by
eliminating obstacles that may be affecting system functionality.
Therefore, superior in Thomas Cook frame policies and strategies through which they are
able to control and regulate activities properly. By evaluating external forces which impact
company operations and make modifications accordingly. They also uses Burke Litwan model,
to manage change and construct environment through which firm is able to deal with market
conditions (Anderson and Anderson, 2012).
Instead of this, there are some methodologies which aid to reduce adverse affect of
change in association:
Morale: To achieve objectives within time span, it is must to have some confidence,
abilities and skills. This has been analysed that, highly motivated staff members are easily
complete task with maximum effectiveness. It is required for manager to cater an effective
working surroundings to employees as this aids to boost their morale. Along with, proper
communication need to be maintained; therefore, they will share requisite data and information
in an effective manner.
Employee resistance: It is must for manager to provide training session to staff members
on regular basis. Thus, they will be able to know about many new things so that unique methods
will apply into products and services. In this manner, they will easily adopt changes at
workplace. Some strategies and policies will be developed by superior to manage things in a
significant manner.
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TASK 2
P4 Different barriers of change and their influence on decision making
This philosophy was given by Edger Schien professor of management Emeritus; which
specifies impact of organisational leadership over their culture. Superior need to evaluate all
issues which arise as people are from different backgrounds. So, they are required to have
information about all obstacles such as internal elements, external environment and bureaucracy
which are influencing business activities. By anticipating staff members conflicts and providing
appropriate solutions so that their functionality is not affected. As a result, management is able to
make adequate decisions which are beneficial for firm.
Whenever superior is going to take judgement which is associated with product
enhancement, value, supply chain, new techniques and many more, during that time, it is
required for them to evaluate that they will stay at marketplace with these modifications for
longer time span or not (Aslan and Reigeluth, 2013). Because, sometimes by adopting new
methodologies, it will be not easy for firm to acquire all opportunities.
Force field analysis:
It is propounded by Kurt Lewin and support change culture appropriately. When it is
utilizing, many kinds of unfavourable outcomes will be acquired. If there is any type of hard
condition then at that time, leader will do struggle to reach adequate decision. Apart from this,
many kinds of hurdles will developed, for instance: fear of utilization of latest techniques etc.
Case study:
According to this, to conduct market research effectively, manager of company will take
assistance of various sort of case studies. This will help him to acquire viewpoints of various
people. As a result, he will prepare strategies in an appropriate way. Hence, it enables him to
take benefits from rivals at competitive world. But foremost disadvantage of using this technique
is that, employer will not take judgement effectually (Bingham and Main, 2016).
Situational resistance to change:
If there is any sort of alterations are going to be done in an association then this will
provide impact to working operations. By making functions of company more effective, work
will complete within limited time span. Sometimes, employees are not able to make them
comfortable at workplace due to modifications (How to Overcome Resistance to Change in an
Organization, 2018).
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Self efficiency perceptions and resistance to change:
Manager needs to create some changes in the structure; therefore, they will easily conduct
business as per circumstances of market. Each staff member having their own point of view, like,
they do not want accept changes and continue their work with same process always. This will
affect organisation in an adverse manner. If any new techniques or methods are going to
implement into firm then, they have to learn new skills or abilities. Thus, it is must for an
employer to convince staff members so that they will accept changes in a positive way. Some
sessions or programs will be conducted by manager to provide them updation regarding
techniques. As a result, they will perform work effectively within certain time span.
There are various barriers got underpin by business managers when any kind of
modification arise at workplace. There is a need for management to evaluate all major barriers
of change so that better and effective working could be done. Various barriers which suppose to
be arise for the management of Trafalgar and Wild N' Happy are: Lack of employee involvement: The first and the major barrier associated with working s
lack of employee involvement. A change could not be implemented properly if all the
employees would not participate in better and define manner. This need to understand by
leaders of a company in better manner where they have to guide and direct each and
every individual properly and motivate them effectively so that employees motivation
could be estimated.
 Lack of effective communication strategy: Another barrier which could be identify at the
time of change is lack of effective communication. If management would not render
about information to all staff personnel regarding change then it must be lead to failure.
Hence, leaders need to understand this aspect properly so that they could facilitate better
communication by delivering message from one individual to others.
TASK 3
P5 Different approaches of leadership while dealing with change
Situational leadership theory was introduced by Paul Hersey and Ken Blanchard. This
concept specify that people behave in two ways either supportive or directive. These are stages
of this philosophy:
 Telling: Leader portrays high directive action and low supportive behaviour.
 Delegating: Leader describes both components at low.
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 Selling: Leader represents both directive and supportive behaviour in high level.
As in current period, leader uses management style according to situation prevailing in system.
This help them to design activities appropriately through which results are accomplished within
specified time limit (Branson, 2014). As a result, in Thomas Cook superiors are able to improve
their business functionality by applying situational leadership style in system. This had help them
to attain organisation goals and objectives in better manner; as leader provide all necessary
information to employees.
A big change in an enterprise will considered as a challenge for superior because to deal
with this, they need to prepare some policies or strategies. It will affect entire operational
activities either in a direct or indirect manner.
 Manager has to give entire details regarding work to their investors and in addition they
have to know about need of resources which are essential to complete work effectually. It
is must for them to tell subordinates about process of working so that they will determine
need of change. If it is fundamental then they will use latest methods to complete
exercises. Along with, they have to communicate about this to their staff members
effectually (Carrington, Deppeler and Moss, 2015). If any kind of issues are facing by employees then, it is required for leader to sort it out
effectually. This enables them to adopt alterations in an appropriate manner. By making
coordination amongst each exercise they will be able to fulfil targets within requisite
period of time.
Kotter's 8-Step change model: It will be understand through following description: Increase urgency: According to this, it is required for superior to make aware employees
regarding necessity of adopt modifications. This will help them to acquire support of staff
members. By communicating each things to them, manager will easily identify threats
and opportunities (Doppelt, 2017). Build guiding team: Manager needs to formulate an appropriate team at workplace;
therefore, they will do their task through maintaining proper coordination. As a result,
desired targets will accomplish within certain time span. Employer has to give task to
workers according to their abilities as this will cater them motivation regarding work. Develop the vision: This has to be created effectively so that employees will achieve
desired goals as well as objectives within sufficient time duration.
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 Communicating for buy in: While developing vision for an association, it is necessary for
manager to considered interest of workers. As they are those individuals who help
superiors to attain it. Along with, required data and information need to be communicate
by superior to them. Empower action: It is necessary for manager to allot task to employees according to
abilities. Along with, reduce issues which are affecting working as well as success of an
enterprise (Doppelt, 2017). Create short term wins: Employer has to render small objectives to subordinates; thus,
they will acquire best results. Don't let up: According to this, it is must for superior to concentrate on targets rather than
plan.
 Make change stick: Finally, they will make some changes in their system which aid them
to manage entire activities effectually.
CONCLUSION
As per above report, it can be concluded that if superior posses capabilities through
which they are able to direct all staff members by keeping them dedicated towards their duties.
This will help them to regulate and maintain all business activities through which firm is able to
accomplish goals and objectives framed by executives. Manager is required to make
improvement in tactics through which they are able to make system function according to market
conditions. This assignment specifies change model which leader uses to utilise opportunities
available in marketplace and also to position themselves superior than rival firms. Hence, by
evaluating internal and external forces so that management is able to eliminate problems and take
appropriate decisions.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals:
Anderson, D. and Anderson, L. A., 2012. Beyond change management: How to achieve
breakthrough results through conscious change leadership. John Wiley & Sons.
Aslan, S. and Reigeluth, C. M., 2013. Educational technologists: Leading change for a new
paradigm of education. TechTrends. 57(5). pp.18-24.
Bingham, D. and Main, E. K., 2016. Effective implementation strategies and tactics for leading
change on maternity units. The Journal of perinatal & neonatal nursing. 24(1). pp.32-42.
Branson, C. M., 2014. Leading educational change wisely. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.
Carrington, S., Deppeler, J. and Moss, J., 2015. Cultivating teachers' knowledge and skills for
leading change in schools. Australian journal of teacher education. 35(1). pp.1-13.
Doppelt, B., 2017. Leading change toward sustainability: A change-management guide for
business, government and civil society. Routledge.
Finnigan, K. and Stewart, T., 2012. Leading change under pressure: An examination of principal
leadership in low-performing schools. Journal of School Leadership. 19(5). pp.586-618.
Fullan, M., 2014. Leading in a culture of change personal action guide and workbook. John
Wiley & Sons.
Fyke, J. P. and Buzzanell, P. M., 2013. The ethics of conscious capitalism: Wicked problems in
leading change and changing leaders. Human Relations. 66(12). pp.1619-1643.
Hintz, C. and Bahia, H., 2013. Understanding mechanisms leading to asphalt binder fatigue in
the dynamic shear rheometer. Road Materials and Pavement Design. 14(sup2). pp.231-
251.
Inozu, B. and et. al., 2016. Performance improvement for healthcare: Leading change with lean,
six sigma, and constraints management. McGraw Hill Professional.
Nahavandi, A., 2016. The Art and Science of Leadership -Global Edition. Pearson.
Thomas, T. and et. al., 2013. Leading change and innovation in teacher preparation: A blueprint
for developing TPACK ready teacher candidates. TechTrends. 57(5). pp.55-63.
Van der Voet, J., Kuipers, B. and Groeneveld, S., 2015. Held back and pushed forward: leading
change in a complex public sector environment. Journal of Organizational Change
Management. 28(2). pp.290-300.
Online
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How to Overcome Resistance to Change in an Organization. 2018. [Online]. Available through:
<http://smallbusiness.chron.com/overcome-resistance-change-organization-154.html>.
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