Table of Contents INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3 Critical analysis................................................................................................................................3 PART 1........................................................................................................................................3 (a)..............................................................................................................................................3 (b)................................................................................................................................................7 PART 2........................................................................................................................................8 CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9 REFRENCES.................................................................................................................................10
INTRODUCTION Business ethics and responsible management is the necessary concept to enhance ability to conduct any work or task with ethical manner along with some code of conduct. Responsible management is looking forward for every person to make them realize about what roles of self- responsibility needs to be played by an individuals (Millington, 2013). In current scenario, business ethics is needed in every industry, whether hospitality, manufacturing, consumer goods or even management etc. This report will be undertaken on NHS trust, which is an business unit within national health service in entire England. It actually serving either a geographical area or a specialised functions. They are busy in providing health care solutions to different residents of their country. This report will cover ethical dimensions for allowing doctors to work closely with suppliers of drugs and medical equipments along with ethical choices impact on other business. Also, report will cover two different ethical theories and demonstration will also be done with application of given NHS case study. Critical analysis PART 1 (a) To the senior manager, NHS trust England As a middle manager, I would like to disclose about overview of the case happened with NHS trust. There are several cases happened when its staff has received gifts or token amount from pharma business, when needs to pass their products and doctors are making bucks of money from private treatment, but they are not disclosed even till now (Hoejmose, 2015). Also, unethical conduction of allowing doctors to work closely with suppliers of drugs and medical equipments.In current time, doctors are making money, irrespective taking care of ethics connected with fair practices of medical or treatment of people. Doctors are one, who makes recommendations for any drugs or treatments equipments to prefer for their patients. Daily telegraph has been revealed that, there are various scandals happened, where health officials or
doctors are being paid by pharma firms on pay of any drugs or medical equipments. This is seriously one most unethical practices or says like playing with people's health or life. I am surprised that, how these things are tolerated till now. A very big appreciation to daily telegraph for revealing this issues. Medical services has been recognised as“Nobel service”with consideration of ethics and code of conduct to continue it for welfare of needy people or patients (Leigh, 2012). But, regulation of ethical dimension is also necessary along with code of conducts to show how can medical services be respond to person intentions, whether doctor, suppliers of drugs or common person. When any doctor suggesting patients to buy recognised drugs, there has been disclosed business relationship between doctor or suppliers of drugs or medical equipments. As, this relationship is also necessary to get any medicine or equipments on urgent basis to entertain treatments. I was noticed through NHS trust case that doctors are receiving gifts amount from various suppliers to get recommend other to buy drugs or medical equipments (Forray, 2013). These kinds of gifts are not authorized in national code of UK in medical services. Hence, these are considered as side money as well as illegal incomes. In response to this, taking gifts are not illegal in England, but these are limited to one slab rates. The first national code has been disclosed that gifts of more than 50 pounds will be banned. Various ethical dimensions such as ethics & code of conducts in medical services, effective regulation, one to one dealing with disclosure of income received from suppliers needs to be considered by doctor or any trust organisation. Doctors can work with suppliers of drugs to arrange any kind of important medicine or equipment in case of urgent requirement, but that should not be commission bases or conduct like doing business. This taking gifts must be declared as ethical question, because it deals with unintentional practices with medical services in society, where it was recognised as Nobel service. If such things are happening, it will directly impact interest of people, who are looking for treatment or any cure of problems. Doctors are conducting practices, which are not even prescribed in its laws and ethical conducting of medical services (Murray, 2015). Apart from this, new plans for transparency has revealed, doctors needs to disclose income, which they are earning outside NHS premises, Here,the major ethical question is that: “Does doctor service is meant for earning pounds or welfare of people in its physical issues” or “Do they are taught to earn money
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or performing doctor's Nobel job” ? I want to disclose that these two ethical questions are enough to solve this NHS case. In addition to this, hospitals and health service centres are considered as biggest part of our community, as it provides welfare of the people in their toughest time or suffering from any health problems (Burchell, 2014). Other hospitals or health services whose intentions in to conduct ethical service to peoples, sorry to say, but they can also motivate through this unethical practices. It is simply considered as conflict of interests. Might be chances are, they would also motivated to do so or their right purpose would get fallen. I also realized that analysing stakeholders are key for success of every business firm, but that is limited to corporate or business firm. In context with NHS trust, various entities such as investors, customers, suppliers, vendor are major key stakeholders of this medical trust. Such kind of stakeholder will be done through use of fried man stakeholder theory. Actually, this theory all given parties are key stakeholders for NHS trust and also it has wide and critical effects of ethical activities of doctors or pharma firms. Apart from this, stakeholders are basically effected company's action, objectives and policies. This will be better explained through interest/influence matrix. This matrix has been disclosed in given diagram are as follows: Illustration1: Interest/influence matrix Sources: Interest/influence matrix, 2018
“Interest”indicates concern about change, whereas,“Influence”indicates an ability to resistand stimulates the concern of major stakeholders (Matten, 2016). This matrix would lead to reduce an impact of loss of stakeholders trust and belief and enhance long term relationship etc. Stakeholders are effected through several ways such as loss of common interest, risk of money invested, fear of separate business loss and danger to breakdown of reputation in market. Investors of NHS trust are its key stakeholders, which they are required to maintain for longer period of time. On one hand,interestsays that priority is being given to each and every needs of stakeholders, on other hand,influencesays about power, which belongs to them to achieve their desired targets. This NHS trust dilemma has effected trust, faith and belief of their stakeholder, which they needs to recover to maintain medical service for longer period of time. Example:I have done brief research of one examples of different entities, which has done same unethical conduct is Lotus medical centre, who has been indulged in unethical activities of getting higher fees from patient even above industry standards. Through, police case, it was found that doctors of Lotus doctor were also earning extra income from private practices, which was completely unethical. Afterwards, stakeholders of Lotus medical centres has lost their stakeholders, with fear to loose the business (Crane, 2017). Centres image has affected at the greater level. The negative impact was that organisation has saw condition of business shut-down orclosureofmedicalservices.Inresponsetothis,Lotushascalledcommittee,where management has decides to take strategic decision making to get business again with clear and effective code of conducts. Through ethical practices, they have decided to bring fees structures, committee for reporting any unethical practices to take instant action along with planning for future growth of services. The positive impact was that operations & brand image of Lotus medical centre has been increased along with ethical work practices in medical services. Also, major priority has been given to patient services at an effective pricing (Blaim, 2012). Hence, this is a good example of ethical actions. In relation to NHS trust, these practices should be done with purpose to conduct NHS medical services more effectively, with measures to deliver higher people welfare over earning or making money.
Recommendations:It has to be recommendable that NHS trust should consider ethics as strict action planning to remove such conflicts of interest with practices to give or share gifts to doctors from suppliers of the pharma firms (Ismaeel, 2017). To conduct business ethically, committee should be prepare, whose major goals to take steps to reduce such illegal practices. As, gifts are allowed, but that should be limited to 50 pounds, in case, exceed strict action must be taken to maintain the decorum of NHS trust. Doctor must discloses their personal incomes, which they made from home based medical practices. NHS trust must implement some legal action or action, if any person found taking gifts of more that 50 pounds. To overcome this, doctors and pharma suppliers must set common purpose to welfare of people in order to stop these practices. (b) To provide critical views on the ethics of this NHS trust, there must be consideration of two important ethical theories named as Egoism and Right & Justice for giving best and result based solution of this NHS trust case study. The explanation of these two theories are as follows: Egoism:In this theory, one self is or must be motivation for goals of own actions. This theory has been consists of two variants named as descriptive or normative (Cunliffe, 2015). On the one hand, descriptive variant perceives about an egoism as the factual description of human affairs. It means that that people are generally motivated by their own interest or desires. Whereas, on other hand, normative proposes that, people have to be so motivated that, irrespective of what motivates them. In this case study, doctors were indulging of being doing private practices to earn extra incomes (Weiss, 2014). This has directly exploited that one to one medical relationship between doctors and suppliers. In respect to this, this theory would helpful to enhance the knowledge of human affair along with effective regulation of medical care. The Doctors needs to suggest committee of NHS trust to lodge the purchasing of any drugs or equipments for human welfare. Right & Justice:This theory actually told about justice for being fair on conducting of any kind of activities. In addition to this, theory consists of two principles, in which first principle concerns that each and every person has been same and permanent with equal liberties. This theory actually says that everyone person should have some of the basic freedom, which should never be taken away. On the other hand, second principle says that each and every person is required to attached to an offices and person open for fair equalities of every opportunities. In
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context with NHS trust, every entities should get equal opportunity to get rectified self from any illegal work practices. It is a right of every person , who visited NHS trust for treatments to be get treated properly with best and suitable drugs (Hibbert, 2016). NHS trust is required to take care of this theory, if they wants to continue their medical services for longer period of time. In future, NHS trust should considered these two theory to have better work practices and management at their business as well as maintain treatments into the effective manner. PART 2 Leader is a key person, which has requirement in every business organisation to conduct their activities ethically with legal considerations. Being as leader means code of conduct and ethical norms & goals. Leader is one, who have courage to take initiatives or set long term vision to accomplish various business goals (Scherer, 2012). As middle manager, I can termed myself as effective leader with focus on improving self-strength and weaknesses along with developing self through ethical measurements. It is difficult to work as ethical leader, because, it needs lots of common interest, focus and strategic thinking & personality. An ethical leader is made up of full dedication, impression to create ethical image into the mind as well as efforts to manage its personification. In a reflective style, I am one of the growing leader, with full and clear dedication to work and also desire to learn new skills and let others to (Godemann, 2012). There are several personal ethics such as the way I treats or treated by others, how I respect to others and what my impression or attitude, when I acknowledged others. I have guts to listen my own weaknesses along with openness to get hear about changes, which I needs to make in perspective of my behaviour, attitude as well as nature to behave with other. All this makes me ethical manager to manage and control any task or critical goals properly. But, there are various situations arises, when my weakness such as ineffective working & communications, non-ability to lead my own team as well as less analytical ability had become non-compliance for my organisation. This has led to unethical organisation & practices, when I was failed to lead my role of both leader and manager as my work role. In response to this, I worked over my skill, abilities & potentials to convert these weakness into the major strengths (Voegtlin, 2013). As, I also believes that there must have set values and belief by me, so that it would facilitates me to perform my role of ethical leader and manager properly. I generally prefers to give importance to democratic leadership style, where myself as ethical leader allows my team members to share their own views, ideas and opinion to help them
grow in their career and life. Also, I used to give chances to develop their own personal ethics in their work, so that every team individuals would be free to access their own space for deciding about their own betterment and decides the future goals ans targets (Moon, 2014). Democratic leadership style has led team potential to work over vision & mission of the company. Lastly, my focus is on enhancing my ability, skills and potential to continue being working as an ethical leader or manager. CONCLUSION From the above report, it has been concluded that ethics & responsible management must be considered as major priority, when working in medical sectors. Also, effective conduction of medical sector has proved necessary for welfare of the people along with checking suitability for contribution to society and cultures. Ethics choice's has been resulted into positive impact on business entity, as they are required to do fair practices, when they are looking for common welfare of people, especially in case of medical sector. Key stakeholders are majorly responsible for any kind of unethical conduction in medical sector, because of it deals with common interest of services. Also making recommendations to medical trust is necessary to have look at their work practices ion context of giving medical services to people. Lastly, ethical leader is required in every organisation to control or undertake business activity with major intention to maintain the belief and interest of society.
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