Importance of leadership and management in improving employee performance

This research explores the role of leadership and management in improving employee performance at the workplace, with a focus on H&M. It examines the concept of leadership and management, their benefits in organizational performance, challenges faced by H&M employees due to ineffective leadership and management, and ways to overcome these challenges. The study aims to understand the importance of effective leadership and management in enhancing employee performance.

Business Research Plan
Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Rationale of research...................................................................................................................1
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................2
Concept of leadership and management and its benefits in context to organizational
performance.................................................................................................................................2
Role of leadership and management in improvising the performance of employees at
workplace.....................................................................................................................................3
Challenges H&M employees faced due to ineffective leadership and management at
workplace.....................................................................................................................................3
Ways leader and manager use to overcome from the leadership and management challenges
within H&M.................................................................................................................................4
Research aim................................................................................................................................4
Research objectives.....................................................................................................................5
Research questions.......................................................................................................................5
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.....................................................................................................5
SAMPLING.....................................................................................................................................6
ACCESSIBILITY............................................................................................................................7
ETHICAL ISSUES..........................................................................................................................7
SIGNIFICANCE..............................................................................................................................8
DELIVERABLE..............................................................................................................................8
REQUIRED RESOURCES.............................................................................................................9
IMPLEMENTATION TIME TABLE.............................................................................................9
Evaluation of Business research plan............................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

Title: Importance of leadership and management in improving employee performance.
INTRODUCTION
Leadership and management play a significant role in business organization as it focuses
on leading as well as managing employee’s activities in order to enhance their productivity level.
This is the reason that manager and leader responsible for managing and leading workforce for
making them more productive towards their job roles. As, leadership is referring to the individual
ability to motivate and influence personnel who support in attaining success. On the other side,
management is based on the planning, organising, staffing and controlling entire activities of
employees (Alrowwad and Abualoush, 2020). Basically, leadership is a part of directing function
of management. With the assistance of this, workers can attain their predetermined target in
stipulated time frame. Mainly, leadership is capacity of company management to set and attain
all the challenging goals. Thus, it is vital for manager and leader to provide proper guidance and
motivation to employees so that they perform well and also increase the possibilities of attaining
all the organizational objectives in an appropriate way. Current research is based on H&M, is
famous Swedish multinational clothing retail company which offer fast- fashion clothing for
men, women, children and teenagers. The main focus of this company is to serve best quality
services to its customers as per their needs and wants. For this, company lead as well as manage
their workforce effectively in which they perform well and attain their determined goals. This
will contribute in establishing competitive brand image at wider market place.
Rationale of research
The primary reason behind undertaking current investigation is to analyse the role of
leadership and management in improving employee performance at working area of business
organization. This study provides vast information which help investigator in attaining
favourable outcomes at the end of the study. In addition to this, researcher also carry out research
for their personal and professional purpose. In context to personal prospective, researcher have
personal interests in executing their research activities as it benefited for investigator in
enhancing their skills and knowledge about how leadership and management help employee in
improving their performance (Marques-Quinteiro and et. Al., 2019). On the other side, this topic
also beneficial for investigator in providing career growth through which researcher can easily
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get opportunities to develop their knowledge through which future study can be successfully
undertaken.
LITERATURE REVIEW
This chapter provide theoretical prospective which is based on the previous studies.
Basically, it is a type of secondary method of data collection in which researcher gather
information from different sources including journals, articles, books, newspaper and many
more. With the help of this, investigator can easily acquire detailed information that directly
contributes in drawing a valid conclusion at the end of investigation in an appropriate way.
Concept of leadership and management and its benefits in context to organizational performance
According to Purwanto and er. Al., (2020) leadership and management are two different
terms which are consider as an important activity that company needs to focus in managing or
leading their workforce. Therefore, it is essential to understand that leadership is refers to the
essential aspect of effective management which lead in making employee more productive
towards their job roles. In this context, leadership is a potential to encourage as well as influence
group efforts to attainment of all the goals and objectives in stipulated time frame. Whereas,
management is a process of effective planning, organizing and controlling employee’s activities.
Proper management and leadership always be beneficial for company in improvising their
overall performance and at the same time also put their impact in accomplishing all the set
targets effectively. In this context, there are some benefits of leadership and management within
the organization:
 Improve employee performance: In business organization, proper leadership and
management is essential because it highly based on enhancing worker’s performance by
providing them proper guidance. If employees are properly managing at workplace by
getting right place and right job, then they always ready to give their best efforts for
accomplishing their targets in an appropriate time frame. With the assistance of this,
performance of employee can automatically improve at working area.
 Increase finance performance: With the help of proper planning and organizing employee
activities, manager can easily assign them task and then leader provide them proper
instruction and guidance. This is the reason that workforce always put their efforts for
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completing their task activities effectively by using available resources. By this, company
can easily increase their profitability level at market place.
 Improve employee retention: It is important for manager and leader to focus on employee
performance and provide them guidance accordingly. If employee gets enough guidance,
then they perform well and also tries to put their efforts for attaining determined
objectives. With the help of strong leadership and management activities, company easily
retain their workforce for longer period of time.
Role of leadership and management in improvising the performance of employees at workplace
As per view point of Schuh and et. Al., (2019), In order to enhance employee performance,
leadership and management are important activity which provide assistance to workers in
developing their skills and knowledge at working area. In this context, leadership consider as a
process of leading as well as directing employees so that they improve their abilities to perform
all the challenging task and activities. Basically, the good leader is always a role model for their
workers because they lead them, motivate them while executing task activities, keeping them
informed about their goals and objectives, give them proper support and at the same time also
provide them valuable feedbacks. By this, workers improve their working style and give their
best efforts for accomplishing their targets. On the other side, management is also play a vital
role in developing employee engagement because it operates by various functions like proper
planning, staffing, managing, directing and motivating all the personnel in order to enhance their
productivity. Furthermore, manager also create strategies and compile resources in order to lead
all the operations that put positive impact over the final outcomes. In relation to this,
management and leadership provide assistance to employees in improving their abilities to
execute task activities effectively and also develop employee performance to attain their goals in
an appropriate time frame.
Challenges H&M employees faced due to ineffective leadership and management at workplace
As per the information provided by Bush, Bell and Middlewood, (2019), it has been
analysed that main problems and issues that are faced due to ineffective leadership and
management at workplace comprises of lack of proper vison along with having gap between the
strategy formulation ad execution that hampers and negatively affects the performance level. It
has been analysed that, because of inefficient leadership and management the employees of
H&M are having a feeling of misdirection and uncertainty while performing their job role that
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has negatively affected performance and efficiency level. Poor communication is the major
challenges and issue created by ineffective leadership and management at the workplace of
H&M that leads to higher level of chaos and confusion at place of operations. Apart from this,
lack of motivation and employee engagement are also the mains issues and challenges faced by
employees of H&M due to having ineffective leadership and magnet as it enhances the chances
of workplace conflicts that leads to reduction in the motivation and satisfaction level of
employees.
Ways leader and manager use to overcome from the leadership and management challenges
within H&M
With respect to the information provided by the Ye, Lyu and He, (2019), it has been
analysed that many ways are there that can be adopted by the manager and leader to overcome
the challenges created by ineffective leadership and management. Making use of Participative
form of leadership is a vital way to overcome from the leadership and management challenges
within H&M as it supports a sense of equality and inclusion at workplace through leading proper
chance of involvement to all employees. Thus, Adoption of participative leadership ensures
higher motivation and confidence level in employees which lead to improved job satisfaction and
positive workplace relation which mitigate issue of high employee turnover and other challenges
within H&M.
Beside this, with respect to the information provided by Hadi and Tola, (2019) it has been
observed that providing regular training and effective communication with employees is also an
effective way to mitigate the issue of lack of proper vision as it ensures effective guidance and
skill development in employees which make them more competent to perform their job role in
improved manner. Implication of effective communication and ensuring transparency at
workplace is also a vital way for leader and manager use to overcome from the leadership and
management challenges within H&M as it mitigate and reduces the chances of chaos and
confusion at workplace and also reduces conflicts among employees which ensures positive
workplace relation and higher employee efficiency based on improved motivation and job
satisfaction level.
Research aim
To investigate the role of leadership and management in improvising the performance of
employee at workplace. A study on H&M.
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Research objectives
 To understand the concept of leadership and management and its benefits in context to
organizational performance.
 To study the role of leadership and management in improvising the performance of
employees at workplace.
 To determine the challenges H&M employees faced due to ineffective leadership and
management at workplace.
 To evaluate the ways leader and manager use to overcome from the leadership and
management challenges within H&M.
Research questions
 What is the concept of leadership and management and its benefits in context to
organizational performance?
 What is the role of leadership and management in improvising the performance of
employees at workplace?
 What are the challenges H&M employees faced due to ineffective leadership and
management at workplace?
 What are the ways leader and manager use to overcome from the leadership and
management challenges within H&M?
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In undertaking an investigation, investigator implement research methodology as a specific
procedure and techniques that opt to determine select and analyse relevant information about
specified research topic. The main purpose of using this chapter is to critically evaluate validity
and reliability of research. This is the reason that, investigator is responsible for selecting an
appropriate method so that valid and authentic information can be easily gathered. As, it includes
various research methods and techniques which can be understood by below mentioned points:
Types of investigation: At the time of undertaking study, there are different type of
research that researcher needs to select an appropriate one (Faupel and Süß, 2019). As, it is
categorised into two methods including qualitative and quantitative research. According to the
current research, researcher will use quantitative research because it provides data which is
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measurable in nature and it make predictions, test relationship between two variables and also
evaluate the result to wider populations.
Research philosophy: It is considered as a system if beliefs and assumption about the
particular area. Basically, it is a framework that support investigator to undertake study on the
basis of knowledge. Mainly, it is divided into two philosophies such as positivism and
interpretivism. In order to execute current research activities, positivism research philosophy will
be used by researcher as it provide quantitative information that have good reliability and
representativeness.
Data collection: In an investigation, data collection is the process of acquiring as well as
measuring data on variables that provide proper evaluation of specific research topic. It includes
different methods including primary and secondary method of data collection. Both methods are
important in undertaking research activities successfully (Guhr, Lebek and Breitner, 2019). For
current investigation, investigator use primary method of gathering quantitative information. By
using this technique, investigator prepare a structured questionnaire that includes various close
ended questions asked from selected respondents.
Research approach: An investigation approach mainly defined as the plan and procedure
for the investigation that span the stages through the broad assumption to detailed tools of
information accumulation, evaluation and the interpretation. The approaches are divided into two
groups i.e. deductive and inductive research approach. In the case of this present investigation
work, based on the aspect of analyzing the impact of leadership and management over increasing
the performance of employees at workplace, deductive approach will be considering by the
researcher as it is effective in executing evaluation based on existing facts and theories and then
develop hypothesis after the analysis of the theories in effective manner. Deductive approach is
widely suitable in evaluating of the theories and concepts related with leadership and
management and then develop hypothesis to generate significant results to presenting the impact
of leadership and management over the operations of business.
SAMPLING
Data analysis is mainly defined as the statistical evaluation tool which is implemented to
select, manipulate and evaluate the representative subset of the information point of identify the
patterns and the trends in the wide set that are being examined (Hicks, 2020). Sample is mainly
replicates from the original population, therefore, the selection is mainly relay over probabilistic
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and non-probabilistic sampling tools. In the case of this present investigation work, based on the
aspect of analyzing the impact of leadership and management over improvising the performance
of employees at workplace, random sampling from the probabilistic approach will be considering
by the researcher as it is effective in approaching people from the chosen group and avoiding
biasness. Here in this study, sample size of 50 will be considering in which information will be
accumulating from the business personals of H&M. Therefore, the selection is relay over
business personals in which employees of the business are involve as they are more liable in
rendering suitable information about the aspect of leadership and management.
ACCESSIBILITY
The research accessibility mainly comprises of the degree to which the collected
information and data is being available to as many people as possible. The level of accessibility
leads a direct impact on the scope and efficiency level of the research project as it influences the
research process and results which tend to get shaped by the power dynamics. In context to
current study, it has been analysed that moderate level of accessibility is vital for current project
based on qualitative researcher to ensure awareness of the complexity along with leading more
conscious and deliberate decisions based on current study (Farrukh, Lee and Shahzad, 2019).
With respect to current investigation, accessibility to personal data and information would only
be provided to the researcher and tutor to maintain the authenticity and reliability of facts. Along
with this, research findings are accessible by all the researcher and scholars who are having
interest in the topic of leadership and management to have wider scope of current investigation
and supports effective results and decision making based on current findings.
ETHICAL ISSUES
This is the most important aspect to be consider by the researcher at the time of executing
an analysis, therefore, the key ethics that are important to be followed by the researcher are
involve participants consent, safety and security of the information, confidentiality of data,
respect, time assessment and so on. These are needs to be considered by the researcher to aid the
project in right manner (Tanskanen, Mäkelä and Viitala, 2019). It is important for the researcher
to follow consent as it is will provide to the participants for receiving their consent to taking
participation in the study. In addition to this, for resolving issue related to safety, the
investigation must implement password protected software’s that are effective in ensuring the
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participants about managing safety of data. Confidentiality is also a major concern which will be
rendering by ensuring to not realising any kind of personal information of the participants.
Researcher will also be concern over not asking any personal questions and respect their personal
space and ensuring to not asking any think that affects the emotion and sentiments of people.
Furthermore, for resolving the issue of time assessment the investigator needs to design a time
scale at the beginning of the research to completion of the project within provided time duration.
SIGNIFICANCE
The conduction and undertaking of current investigation based on the topic of Importance
of leadership and management in improving employee performance is vital and significant as it
has been observed that many issues and challenges are being faced by employees in case of
inefficient leadership and management. Apart from this, the rising issue of high employee
turnover that is lead out my ineffective motivation and employee engagement at workplace is
also being faced by many firms. Thus, the current study is significant as it facilitates improved
information about the leadership and management and its benefits in context to organizational
performance along with evaluating the ways leader and manager use to overcome from the
leadership and management challenges (Arslan and Roudaki, 2019). Beside this, current study
also ensures better analysis of challenges faced by employees due to lack of effective leadership
and management which is significant from view point of a firm so that better steps can be taken
to mitigate that challenges to ensure higher employee motivation and performance.
DELIVERABLE
The main deliverables and information gained through current research project comprises of
better understanding about the Importance of leadership and management in improving
employee performance. Along with this, an understanding about the Concept of leadership and
management and its benefits in context to organizational performance is also delivered by
current project which consists of Improve employee performance, Increase finance performance
and Improve employee retention. Along with this, deliverables of currents study also include
analysis about the role of leadership and management in improvising the performance of
employees at workplace along with analysing main challenges faced by employees due to
ineffective leadership and management (Rizky and Ardian, 2019). At last, main result and
finding of current study consists of the information about the ways that leader and manager use
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to overcome from the leadership and management challenges to ensure higher motivation and
retention of employees.
REQUIRED RESOURCES
A set of financial, human and technical resources are made for current study which are
required to perform and undertake various task and activities of current study. Financial
resources are required to meet the various expenses that are undertaken for collection and
recoding of data along with cost of transportation and other expense. Huma resources are vital to
perform and carry out various activity and for collection of information. Along with this, use of
technical resources, like internet, mobile phones, computer, e-library, etc. are also made for
effectively accomplish current project.
IMPLEMENTATION TIME TABLE
Use of following Gantt chart is made to present and ensure effective implementation of time
table for current project:
ACTIVITES WEEK
1
WEEK
2
WEEK
3
WEEK
4
WEEK
5
WEEK
6
WEEK
7
WEEK
8
WEEK
9
Submission
of research
proposal
Complete
background
information
for research
project
Collect
secondary
sources of
information
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for research
project
Complete research
methodology and
collect primary and
secondary sources
of information
Complete
collecting
data for
study and
present the
result
Determining
Budget
Data
Interpretatio
n and
analysis
Evaluating
results and
findings
Complete
the report
and submit
the final
report
Evaluation of Business research plan
On the basis above presented business research plan that is based on the topic of Importance
of leadership and management in improving employee performance which is significant for
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researcher in both personal and professional aspects. In professional aspects, current study
facilitates a better analysis of the concept of leadership and management along with its benefits
for an organisation. Further, it would also lead vital information about the role of leadership in
enhancing the employee’s performance together with the ways leader and manager use to
overcome from the leadership and management challenges. The personal significance and
rationale of current project comprises of the fact that it supports development of improved
communication and managerial skills as provide an opportunity to conduct a research project in
practical manner.
Along with this, an evaluation regarding the justification behind selection of the current
research methods and approach could also be made, as use of positivistic philosophy is suitable
and justifiable as it tends to ensure a more systematic and practical way of investigation to ensure
meeting of set objective in efficient way. Beside this, it has been also evaluated that use of
interpretivisim philosophy is not much appropriate as it is more time consuming and complex in
nature that comprises of collection of in-depth and theoretical form of information. Further, use
of deductive approach is also suitable and justifiable as it the parallel with the use of positivistic
philosophy and at the same time it ensures better scanning and testing of the numeric facts and
quantifiable data to achieve set objective in efficient manner.
Further, selection of the quantitative type of investigation is also more viable and suitable
as compared to qualitative firm of investigation as it ensures more efficient and easy way of data
collection in numeric terms that is more easy to collect and present. On the other hand, collection
and presentation of theoretical information collected under qualitative nature of method is
difficult, complex and more time consuming. Further, use of quantitative nature of investigation
also supports use of statistical tools and charts for better analysis and presentation of facts which
supports improved understanding and better decision making along with effective
accomplishment of set objectives. Further, making use of random sampling method is also
justifiable as it removes the chances of biasness and discrimination in project through ensuring
equal chance of selection for all observation and units. At last making use of survey strategy and
questionnaire as research instrument is also appropriate and justifiable as it ensures most easy
along with cost and time efficient way of data collection from a larger number of participants.
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REFERENCES
Books and journals
Alrowwad, A.A. and Abualoush, S.H., 2020. Innovation and intellectual capital as intermediary
variables among transformational leadership, transactional leadership, and organizational
performance. Journal of Management Development.
Marques-Quinteiro, P., Vargas, R., Eifler, N. and Curral, L., 2019. Employee adaptive
performance and job satisfaction during organizational crisis: the role of self-
leadership. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 28(1), pp.85-100.
Purwanto, A., Bernarto, I., Asbari, M., Wijayanti, L.M. and Hyun, C.C., 2020. Effect of
transformational and transactional leadership style on public health centre performance. Journal
of Research in Business, Economics, and Education, 2(1).
Schuh, S.C., Zheng, M.X., Xin, K.R. and Fernandez, J.A., 2019. The interpersonal benefits of
leader mindfulness: A serial mediation model linking leader mindfulness, leader procedural
justice enactment, and employee exhaustion and performance. Journal of Business
Ethics, 156(4), pp.1007-1025.
Bush, T., Bell, L. and Middlewood, D. eds., 2019. Principles of educational leadership &
management. Sage.
Ye, Y., Lyu, Y. and He, Y., 2019. Servant leadership and proactive customer service
performance. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.
Hadi, T.P. and Tola, B., 2019. The Effect of Transformational Leadership and Work Motivation
on Innovative Behavior. IJHCM (International Journal of Human Capital Management), 3(2),
pp.100-108.
Faupel, S. and Süß, S., 2019. The effect of transformational leadership on employees during
organizational change–an empirical analysis. Journal of Change Management, 19(3), pp.145-
166.
Guhr, N., Lebek, B. and Breitner, M.H., 2019. The impact of leadership on employees' intended
information security behaviour: An examination of the full‐range leadership theory. Information
Systems Journal, 29(2), pp.340-362.
Hicks, J.M., 2020. Leader communication styles and organizational health. The health care
manager, 39(4), pp.175-180.
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Farrukh, M., Lee, J.W.C. and Shahzad, I.A., 2019. Intrapreneurial behavior in higher education
institutes of Pakistan: The role of leadership styles and psychological empowerment. Journal of
Applied Research in Higher Education.
Tanskanen, J., Mäkelä, L. and Viitala, R., 2019. Linking managerial coaching and leader–
member exchange on work engagement and performance. Journal of Happiness Studies, 20(4),
pp.1217-1240.
Arslan, M. and Roudaki, J., 2019. Examining the role of employee engagement in the
relationship between organisational cynicism and employee performance. International Journal
of Sociology and Social Policy.
Rizky, M.C. and Ardian, N., 2019. Enhance employee performance for increase work motivation
on universitas pembangunan panca budi medan. Journal Homepage: http://ijmr. net. in, 7(08),
pp.19-34.
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