Business Strategy and Supply Chain Management

The provided text is an empirical examination of the relationship between business strategy and socially responsible supply chain management. It references various studies and articles that explore the topic, including the use of Porter's five forces model and the BCG growth-share matrix. The assignment also mentions stakeholder analysis as a tool for understanding business strategy.

BUSINESS STRATEGY

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Elements of strategic planning in a business organisation...............................................3
1.2 Factors that ALDI needs to consider when formulating their strategic plans..................4
1.3 Planning tools and techniques of strategic planning........................................................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................7
2.1 Organisational audit of company......................................................................................7
2.2 Environmental audit of company.....................................................................................8
2.3 Significance of stakeholder analysis when formulating a new strategy.........................10
2.4 Presenting a new strategy that ALDI can follow............................................................11
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................12
3.1 Appropriateness of suitable strategy..............................................................................12
3.2 Strategies for market growth and entry..........................................................................13
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................13
4.1 Roles and responsibilities of the personnel for the implementation of strategy.............13
4.2 Resource requirements for the implementation of strategy............................................14
4.3 Way in which SMART targets can contribute to achieve strategic objectives..............14
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................15
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................17

INTRODUCTION
Business strategy can be defined as a long term planning which helps in achieving the
goals and objectives of company. Strategies reflect on the firm's strength, resources,
vulnerabilities, and opportunities as well. It can be succeed only when they lead to business
growth and a strong financial performance. ALDI is the chosen organisation in this present
report which is one of the largest dealers of retail products and services. Along with this, report
introduces goals, mission, vision, objectives and core competencies of the firm. The present
report is discussed organisational and environmental audit which can be done through SWOT
analysis and Porters-five-forces model. Stakeholder’s analysis is also discussed in this report, it
is important for developing and formulating a new strategy to the growth and development of
business organisation (Woodcock, Green and Starkey, 2011). Apart from this, product
development strategy and market growth strategies are also described in this report.. At last,
different types of resources which are required in strategic planning and significance of SMART
targets are also explained briefly.
TASK 1
1.1 Elements of strategic planning in a business organisation
Strategic planning is the process that is used for deciding future aim and targets of
company. In encompasses with organisational policies, resource allocation and direction of
activities which are utilized in the business strategy planning. Along with this, in order to
determine the direction of company, strategic planning is helpful to understand the current
situation of business entity in marketplace. Below mentioned some components of strategic
planning are as follows: - Goals – Goals can be served as the guidelines for action. They provides parameters for
strategic planning, resources allocation and identifying development opportunities.
Organisational goals are created to achieve a desired state of profit and success. Along
with this, goals will reflect the interest of an individual in the business organisation
(Chang and Chuang, 2011). There are two types of operative and official goals. For
example- the main goal of ALDI is to become more productive and profitable in
comparison to other retail organisations.

 Objectives – Objectives are different from goals as they is concerned with measuring the
progress which is required in order to reach the targets. On the other hand, objectives are
the basic steps for achieving goals. In other words, objectives are more easier and specific
to measure than goals. It can be served as the basis for making policies and monitoring
performance. For example- the main objective of ALDI limited is to offer high quality
products and services to customers. Vision – It depicts what an organisation wants to accomplish in the future. It is all about
the long term growth and success of company in the target market. For instance – by the
next 10 years, vision of ALDI limited is to become the leader in retail industry of UK by
adding innovation and creativity in products and services offered. Mission – Mission can define the current situation and purpose of existence of business
organisation (Ackermann and Audretsch, 2013) In ALDI limited, the mission statement
should be short and capable to express the company's purpose towards its existence. For
example – mission of ALDI is to offer customers with the best products in an innovative
way as compared with their competitors.
 Core competencies – it is consists with the main strength of the company. Core
competencies allows an organisation to expand into new end market and it also provide a
significant benefit to customers. It is all about what a company does better over its
rivals. For example- core competencies of ALDI limited are like firm has highly
experienced staff, strong marketing strategies, higher level of customer satisfaction, etc.
1.2 Factors that ALDI needs to consider when formulating their strategic plans
Every organisation set its own goals, objectives, vision, mission and core competencies
during strategic planning. . But there are some issues and challenges are being faced by the
managers of ALDI limited at the time of strategic planning. Some of them are like: - Time – It is one of the major factors which put a direct impact on strategic planning
process. It is because; more time is required to understand the overall condition of market
as well as potential customers and competitors. Time factor also impact on
organisational growth and development. For example- in May 2017, sales of ALDI
limited was 19.8%, according to this, company has to adopt effective strategies and
policies to increase sales.
This will help companies to achieve their sales targets in minimum time period.

 Resources – Resource allocation is the fundamental part of strategy execution. Strategies
are developed or planned to grow and succeed but if companies does not have proper
resources for strategic planning, so as it can stall progress of firms. In ALDI limited, it is
essential for managers to evaluate resources while creating any strategies and policies.
There are three types of resources – such as- human, financial, physical and
technological. For example-- if ALDI have proper and effective resources as it can easily
compete with its rivals in the competitive market. Economic condition – If the financial position of company is not stable than it cannot
achieve its aim and targets effectually. Generally, companies are faced economic crisis;
this will put a huge impact on their market position and profitability as well. Economic
condition of UK plays a vital role in the growth and success of business organisations
(Pagani, 2013). For example: if people have low level of income as they cannot purchase
branded and value added products Due to this, sales will be decreased and company
cannot achieve its goals and objectives.
 Customer’s tastes and preferences – Buyers are the key factor for growth and success of
company. Therefore, it is the duty of commercial enterprises to understand and cope up
with changing customer’s preferences and choices. Due to dynamic changes in
customers’ needs and demands, the strategic directions of ALDI limited would also get
affected. Now, ALDI has covered the 3.6 % market share so as it needs to develop its
products and services. This will support to extend the market area of the company.
Competitive advantage is defined as when the company is able to create its profits ad
compared with the competitors by still offering less prices products to customers. This will help
in providing better benefits to customers and it can achieve its goals and objectives in
competitive market. ADLI has included various effective pricing strategies in order to compete
with its competitor. It also focuses on customer satisfaction for brining many buyers; for that it
charges premium prices from them to cover the production cost. ALDI is offered brand item and
also gives regular discounts of products. The company has adopted the cost leadership strategy in
which the firm produces the product at the lowest cost over the market.

1.3 Planning tools and techniques of strategic planning
Strategic planning is the process of implementing, formulating, planning and allocating
resources. There are various tools and techniques of strategic planning such as BCG matrix and
PIMS. ALDI limited is more likely to engage with the production of large number of goods. It is
the responsibility of organisation to determine and decide the products in which they should have
to invest. In other words, company needs to allocate its investment over each and every product.
In order to make things easier, BCG matrix is a suitable tool for this purpose (Spender, 2014).
The matrix is helpful to monitor the financial performance or the business portfolio of product in
target market.
BCG matrix is categorised into four segments which are as follows:
(Source – Strategic planning tools and techniques, 2017)
 Cash cows – It consists with maturity stage of product life cycle as it covers large market
share. In this, sales of product becomes constant or there is no increase or decrease in the
gross sales. Cash cows need little investments and the cash generated is again invested in
another business units or projects. ALDI limited has to implement new products and uses
diversification for increasing its sales. For example – Marmite and Hellmanns are the
cow products of ALDI Ltd.
Illustration 1: BCG matrix

 Dogs – It is the condition where there is decline stage of product. Dogs cover small
market share in the process of product life cycle. In other words, they are not worth to
invest because it always gives negative cash return to companies (Klettner Clarke and
Boersma, 2014). For example- RAGU and Slim-Fast are the dog products of ALDI Ltd.
Dog products are having lower market shares and growth rate as well. Thus, businesses
should be stop such products so as not to face the the situation of liquidation. Therefore,
company has to ignore such types of goods and services. Question mark – It is referred as an introductory stage of product life cycle and question
mark covers the low market share. Along with this, many resources are required in order
to grow and develop products in the marketplace. It involves those products which have
low market share in a high growth market. Such products need more investment to
become the market leader. Question marks have a potential to gain market share. For
example- T2 and OMO.
 Stars – It says about the growth stage of product where stars adopt a high market share. It
is highly cash generated but stars need more investment in order to maintain the market
leadership. ALDI has to utilise advertisement and promotional techniques for taking more
market share. If stars are properly concerned; it could be regenerated into the cash cows.
For example- Lipton, Dove, ginger nuts, almond milk are the main star products of
ALDI. Apart from this, star products have high market growth and market share. They
are able to generate high amount of cash and become a market leader. It is advised to
business organisations to invest more and more ion star products in order to gain high
competitive advantages.
For example- company needs to invest their money in stars as this will give them more
revenues and more growth in competitive market. Star products also helps company to bring
high market share and generates more cash for it.
SPACE matrix – It is framework that is useful in order to review or evaluate a company's
strategy. It is helpful in the beginning of the business activity in order to predict the overall key
themes. SPACE analysis is a systematic appraisal of four key issues that balance the internal and
external factors which should determine the general theme of the strategy.

SPACE matrix is a strategic management which is helpful in strategy formulation in
order to achieve higher competitive advantage. In addition, it tells managers that how they will
get strong competitive position in market with rapid growth. At this this, managers have to use
their internal strength for developing market penetration and development strategy. SPACE
matrix also involves product development and integration with other companies so as to gain
high profits. The matrix is based on four areas, such as – financial strength, competitive
advantage, industry strength and environmental stability.
TASK 2
2.1 Organisational audit of company
In ALDI, organisational audit can be best done by SWOT analysis that will help in
assessing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. It is advised to all business entities
to do organisational audit before starting any task or operations. Below mentioned SWOT
analysis of ALDI limited is as follows:
SWOT analysis of ALDI limited
STRENGTHS
 ALDI is one of the biggest leaders of
grocery and retail products. It also
continuously holds its position in the
international market.
 It has won many awards for its good
customer service, shopping experience
and excellence in retailing.
 In the recent years, it has opened 300
new stores in Europe, North and South
America, Asia, etc.
 It uses sophisticated tools and
techniques of production in its
operations which create greater cost
efficiency and increased service
experience.
WEAKNESSES
 It is operating at the global level but its
market presence is limited in few
countries only.
 ALDI's financial profits are affected
through arrears in credit cards, bad
debts etc.
 It does not spend more on market
research so as the company cannot get
proper information which it want to
gain.
 ALDI was also involved in some
national controversies.
 High cost of products and services
 Use traditional and old tools of
production

 It has highly trained and committed
staff.
 ALDI has innovative and eye catching
packaging options which attract more
customers from the global market.
OPPORTUNITIES
 Possibility to expand in other areas of
the nation
 Development of communication
channels which allows better and
speedy services
 It can make strategic alliances with
other brands in order to offer more
products to their customers.
 Offer online shopping via company
website
 It can use joint ventures with the local
companies in order to improve
performance.
THREATS
 High competition
 Various government rules and
regulations
 Changes in customer's preferences and
tastes Rise in the prices of wages can
also have an impact on the price
strategy of ALDI limited Sale of goods
is decreasing due to frugal crisis in the
UK

2.2 Environmental audit of company
An environmental audit helps to give an idea about the environment of company in which
it operates. ALDI limited can perform environmental audit with the help of Porter's 5 forces
model. This can be used to identify whether the new products will be profitable for company or
not. Below stated are the factors involved in Porter's five forces model:
(Source: Environmental audit, 2017)
 Threats of new entrants – Threat of entry of new rivals in the food retail industry is low.
It is because; the industry needs large investment of capital in order to gain competitive
advantage and to develop the market as well brand image of company. ALDI and its
competitors like TESCO, ASDA, MORRISONS, etc. have already captured almost 80%
market share by their products in the UK market. Thus, if any new company has entered
in the market, it must produce something different at a low price with high quality for
creating higher market value.
Illustration: Porter's 5 forces model

 Threats of substitutes – The threat of substitutes of products and services is high for non-
food products while, it is high for food products. Along with this, there are many
substitutes available in the market of a single product which can put a negative impact on
sales and profits of company (Slater, Olson and Finnegan, 2011). For example: due to
high prices of products, customers can buy another similar product to fulfil their needs
and wants. ALDI limited has opened many stores in the local towns and city centres in
order to cover a wide area of market and beat these substitutes. Bargaining power of customers – The bargaining power is extremely high in UK.
Products contain differentiation and they are much standardised as well as their switching
cost is very low. Therefore, it is easy for customers to switch from one brand to another.
It has been observed that buyers mainly move towards low priced products. Bargaining power of suppliers – The bargaining power of suppliers is very low in UK
market because there are so many intermediates included in food and grocery industry.
Hence, it is possible for ALDI and its competitors to get raw material at the lowest price.
But, if supplier increases their prices, it is not possible for company to purchase crude
material in the bulk.
 Competitors rivalry – There are so many competitors available in the market of food and
retail products which will put its impact on company's sale and profits as well. Along
with this, in the global market, competition also depends upon the price and quality of
products.
2.3 Significance of stakeholder analysis when formulating a new strategy
Stakeholders have a significant role in the growth and success of company. They can be
identified with a group of people who are affected through decision making process of the
business organisation. Stakeholders are creditors, community, trade unions, employees,
customers, suppliers etc. When new strategies and policies are developed in a company;
managers need a clear understanding of the interest of stakeholders. Along with this, stakeholder
analysis is helpful in conflict resolution, business administration and project management of the
company; it is the process which impact on decision of relevant parties. It is a tool and technique
which is used in order to assess or evaluate importance of people or institutions that persuade
the success of organisation.

ALDI limited needs to understand that stakeholder analysis is not all about higher profits
and generating sales only. Although, company must take actions in order to satisfy the
stakeholders to run business in the long run. However, it is not an easy task for organisation to
meet all needs and wants of stakeholders at once. Below mentioned is the significance of
stakeholder analysis:
 It helps in finding out the people who will influence the operations and decision of
business organisation (Ackermann and Audretsch, 2013). It is helpful in developing
strategies in order to get effective possible support for the organisation. Business entities can use the opinions of stakeholders to give shape to their companies
and its initiatives at its early age. The main stakeholders of ALDI limited are as follows:
Stakeholders Stakeholder’s concerns
Shareholders Income, future plans and return on investment
Employees Salaries, job security, compensation, effective communication and
assigned roles and responsibilities
Customer's Customer care, high quality products, transparent information about
company, gaining value and quality, etc.
Suppliers Credit period and equitable business opportunities
Creditors Liquidity, credit score and new contracts
Community Involvement, jobs, truthful communication and environmental
protection
Government Taxation, VAT, legislation, diversity and employment
Competitors TESCO, ASDA, WAITROSE, MORRISONS, LIDI etc.

(Source: Stakeholder analysis matrix, 2017)
2.4 Presenting a new strategy that ALDI can follow
ALDI's main strategy is to create value for customers and focusing on their level of
satisfaction. For that the same, organisation has to adopt the strategy, that is, new product
development. It is helpful for company in order to meet the needs and wants of customers. The
product development strategy also helps business organisation to generate sales revenue and
create further opportunity for expansion. Along with this, managers have to develop their ideas
and thoughts as they produce new and innovative products for customers. The strategy is also
useful in providing high quality products and services to customers as they can easily get
attracted towards company.
New product development strategy involves improvement of existing products and
change in product design to make it more attractive and creative. In the modern world, buyers
only approach the products of company if they are getting something new and different from
what others are offering (Hoejmose, Brammer and Millington, 2013). If the managers of ALDI
limited pursued strategy; this will help them in increasing their sales and making higher profits
as well. For instance: cited company has to use effective and impressive methods of packaging
and labelling. Through the same, company can easily cover a large market share in the global
market place.
Illustration 2: Stakeholder analysis

If ALDI Ltd. wants to gain high competitive advantages and large market expansion,
therefore it has to use “Limited Growth Strategy”. It broadens the scope of products and services
of the business in terms of increasing the respective group of customers. The limited growth
strategy also uplift financial condition of the industry by extend its sales and profits in target
market. It is classified into four categories, such are stated as below: -
 Market penetration – Several multinational firms are using market penetration strategy. It
consists to sell existing products of the firm in present market in which it is currently
operated. Market penetration strategy states that the one way to enhance market share is
by lowering prices.
 Market expansion – It is often called market development strategy. It entails to choose a
new market for selling products and services of the firm. It helps ALDI in gaining high
competitive advantages rather than its rivals.
 Product development – In product development strategy, managers are produced new and
innovative goods in order to attain customers. Now a days people wants those products
which gives them higher level satisfaction, so as the strategy of new product development
find new goods for increasing profitability of the company in a certain time period.
 Diversification – It strategy dictates that when a firm is decided to sell its trades in new
markets. Diversification is risk oriented strategy because the managers have no idea to
about new market and its customers. Thus, they need to plan very carefully while using
such strategy.
At present ALDI is the 5th largest retail company of UK, as the discount supermarket
stepped up the pace up of growth. The German retailer is increased its market share 6.2 % in 12
weeks. The company has a lot of customers in the UK market. Along with this, it future plan is to
increase its market share by 5 to 10% till 2019. The company also aims it to become world's
largest retail company by providing quality products and services to it customers.

TASK 3
3.1 Appropriateness of suitable strategy
Substantive growth strategy This strategy involves diversification and integration.
Diversification is a risk management technique which mixes a wide variety of investment within
a portfolio. . Such type of strategy is quite risky and so, company needs to plan carefully while
using diversification growth strategy. There are two types of diversifications i.e. related and
unrelated. Related diversification is when a company makes some changes which are closely
related with the product line. However, unrelated diversification is when organisation makes
changes which are totally different from its existing products. Apart from this, substantive
growth strategy also consists of horizontal and vertical integration. Horizontal integration
consists of organisations which adopt a similar company in the same industries whereas vertical
integration is related of companies which acquire a company which is involved in its production
process in different stages.
Limited growth strategy
It involves three types of strategies i.e. market development, market penetration and new
product development. Along with this, market penetration means discriminating the current
market by maximising market share of existing products or through creating new goods. This can
be done through advertising, discounting, etc. In market development strategy, new market
segments are identified and developed for current products and services of the company.
Product development refers creating, designing and marketing brand new products according to
buyer’s needs. All these strategies and policies are helpful in increasing the sales revenue of
company.
Retrenchment
It involves two strategies which are divestment and liquidation. Dinvestmnet refers to
selling business to another company. Apart from this, liquidation strategy is taken by a company
when it reaches at the last level of its life cycle. Liquidation is occur when a company is
insolvent; it means firm is not able to pay its obligations. In this, organisation closes down its
business.
ALDI needs to select Limited growth strategy because this will helps it to developing its
products in overall market. Along with this, then company also can use in sellin g various

products and services in competitive market. The strategy also useful for the company in order to
develop its market share.
3.2 Strategies for market growth and entry
ALDI Limited needs to adopt limited growth strategy because it brings the maximum growth for
company with the least amount of risk and effort. Along with this, the strategy grows too as fast
as it can come up with financial problems and issues in order to maintain the same level of
quality. Below mentioned the some growth strategies, such are as follow: -
Market penetration – Many small companies use market penetration strategy. It focuses on
selling current products or services in existing market. This will help to firms to gain higher
market share. It is the first strategy which is adopted by the entities beacsue it brings low amount
of risk. Along with this, market penetration strategy could include influencing current buyers for
more purchasing. It will also helps a company in order to achieve its goals and objectives from
target market by maximising its profits. In this strategy company can also enhance its market
share by attracting more customers.
Market expansion – The strategy encompasses to enhancing the market share of the company by
providing innovative products and services to customers. Along with this, market expansion
strategy is developed with an aim of increasing market share of cited company by producing
quality products and services. Along with this, the strategy focuses to gain the higher level of
customer satisfaction.
Merger and acquisition – It is also known as an expansion strategy. Merger is the process in
which two companies are combined together and act as single entity in order to achieve specific
goals and objectives from target market. Apart from this, acquisition occurs when a company
purchase 100% shares of another industry.
New product development - diversification is a corporate strategy which helps companies to
enter into new market. It also involves the process of new product development for new market.
The strategy is generally more risky for firms as they have no experience in the new market.

TASK 4
4.1 Roles and responsibilities of the personnel for the implementation of strategy The role of
senior manager in strategic management is stated as below:
At the time of strategic implementation, companies need a person who is capable to lead
a group of people and manage them according to their work and activities. The person who is
involved in strategic management process is also liable for implementing a climate in the
business organisation which is suitable for strategic management (Auzair, 2011). Therefore,
CEO of ALDI limited is responsible for developing strategic planning process of company.
Along with this, it is the duty of that person to communicate strategy among all employees and
other departments as well.
It is the responsibility of the middle managers of ALDI limited to manage proper
records of strategic planning which helps in avoiding legal responsibilities. At last, many
strategic consultants are also liable for maintaining ethical and legal standards of company in the
global market. In strategy formulation, middleman, top management, strategic consultants are
have an important; they are liable in order to give suggestions and guidance to managers. Such
person are also able to plan a base for the strategy.
4.2 Resource requirements for the implementation of strategy
There are three types of resources which are required in strategic implementation like: Human resources – ALDI has recently opened its stores in many cities across the world.
For managing and operating such resources, company needs to hire those employees who
can fit in company's criteria. Managers must hire suitable candidates by effective
recruiting and selection techniques. This will help them to find out the best candidate
who is ready to stay for long term in company. After this, company also needs to provide
training and development assistance for improving their skills and abilities. This will help
the organisation as it becomes more productive. Financial resources – It means the way in which company investment or finance in its
strategy in order to make it more effective and attentive. Finance can be done in two
ways, such as – debt and equity; but equity is more beneficial for managers as they do not
need to bear interest cost on principle (Iacob, Quartel and Jonkers, 2012). Finance is also
required in order to open new branches and increase global presence of company in the

international market. ALDI limited can take finance from loans or credits and by issuing
its shares in the market.
 Time and material resources – Strategic implementation requires more time because it is
an easy task to plan the growth strategy but this can take many years to regulate the
strategy in real term. Apart from this, materials are also needed in order to market the
expansion of company such as furniture, raw material, systems, etc.
4.3 Way in which SMART targets can contribute to achieve strategic objectives
SMART goals and objectives helps a company to clarify its mission and vision. Through
the same, it can easily focus on strategies; if vision is clear then the managers of ALDI limited
can develop their strategies accordingly. SMART objectives should be specific, measurable,
attainable, realistic and time bound. They help in firm as to identify the priorities so that
managers can tend towards the right direction (Wang and Verma, 2012). SMART objective have
an essential role in strategic planning because if goals are highly ambitious but not measurable so
as managers become demotivate and do not show any kid of interest to achieve them.
Targets and objectives should be specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time bound.
 Specific – ALDI limited have be précised what it is going to achieve.
 Measurable – Quantify objectives
 Attainable – objectives and goals can be easily achieved by the company.
 Realistic – Does company have has the proper resources to make the objective happen i.e.
men, money, minutes and material, machinery. Time bound- it shows that company needs to determine time for each and every activity.
(For example- within a month)
SMART objectives of ALDI are -
 To achieve 20% return on capital employed by August 2019.
 To gain 25% of the market share for sports shoes of September 2018.
 To increase awareness of the dangers of AIDS in France from 12% to 25% by June
2018.
 To survive the current double dip recession.
Importance of SMART objectives is as follow: -
 Monitor implementation progress
 Evaluate performance of managers in achieving implementation of tasks and policies.

 Provide a feedback mechanism
 Assess resources allocation choices
Example of time scale of activities for ALDI limited :-
Activity Expected time period
Find out an appropriate person (CEO) who is involved in
strategic planning process
1.5 month
Essential paper work 25 days
Identifies proper premises of activities 20 days
Promotional and advertisement activities 30 days
Market development 30 days
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it has been concluded that strategic planning is an important tool
of business strategy. It helps the managers of ALDI limited to set up goals, objectives, vision and
mission along with core competencies. BCG matrix is considered as strategic planning tools.
Along with this, there are many factors which involve in the strategic management, i.e. time,
resources, economic condition etc. Managers also have to do SWOT analysis as organisational
audit; it will help in identifying the factors which will impact on company's current position.
Apa4rt from this, stakeholders analysis is also done in order to know the interest of stakeholders.
Along with this, Along with this, market growth strategies are as follow - - substantive growth
strategy, limited growth strategy and retrenchment. The roles and responsibilities of the person
who is involved in strategic implementation are also discussed.

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