Canadian Social History Answer 2022

Running head: CANADIAN SOCIAL HISTORY
CANADIAN SOCIAL HISTORY
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CANADIAN SOCIAL HISTORY1
Answer 1
Aboriginal people are considered as the founding nation of Canada. Prior to the arrival of
the European settlers, Aboriginals or the First Nations already comprised of governance
structures and legal systems. Aboriginal individuals had two choices, which relied on either to
adapt or embrace the foreign culture and system or to uphold its own and disregard the White
settlers, which resulted to the rise of conflict (Gaudry & Leroux, 2017). The thesis statement of
is “relationship between the First nations and settlers initiated through the agreement of the
treaties.” This association began with the French who arrived first and continued with the British
who defeated the French in the 1860s.
The First Nations in Canada had been killed in significant numbers by the European
ailments such as measles, smallpox, and influenza due to lack of immunity. However, they not
only died because of severe illnesses, but also by European blades and factors, which had been
directly linked to colonialism such as land theft on massive scale, enforced elimination along
with exhaustion of natural resources. Indeed, from the 1830s onward, the First Nations were
exhilarated and compelled to sacrifice their conventional migratory practices and settle on
reserves, adapt agricultural practices and trade exchange as well as accept religious instructions.
Although, the Crown served as the trustee of Indigenous lands for safeguarding unlawful trades,
plundering and violation, other legal provisions seized Indigenous rights to selling alcohol and
protected reserve members from legal actions, taxation and property confiscation (Rotz, 2017).
However, in recent times, First Nations of varied backgrounds have developed as significant
figures and have been serving as role models in the Aboriginal community and influencing the
Canadian cultural distinctiveness.

CANADIAN SOCIAL HISTORY2
By the 1830s and 1840s, when the colonization of the Canadian region started to shift
into great extent, the European settlers followed laws and regulations to control the populace
with whom they came into interaction. The reserve however had been regarded as colonial
strategy for dealing with local Indigenous population. Studies of Mackey (2014) revealed that
reserves existed in Canada where the colonizers were supposed to address the people they
dispossessed where people who apparently stood in the way of the political and economic plans
of White settlers. During the initial settlement years, First Nations individuals opposed to the
unlawful ownership of the lands in several means. As per studies of Alcantara and Nelles (2014),
some made official illustrations to the administration and further to Queen Victoria. On the other
hand, another proportion of First Nations populace were engaged in unlawful practices such as
theft and burglary. Moreover, in severe cases, First Nations people imposed vehemence on lately
arrived settlers.
Associations between First Nations and White settlers all through the settlement period
of British Columbia starting from 1858-1901 had not been completely unfriendly. Studies of
Snelgrove, Dhamoon and Corntassel (2014) found that on Salt Spring Island, around one-quarter
of all matrimonies took place amongst Indigenous woman and a non-Native man. Moreover, by
1881, around half of the proportion of the children on Salt Spring Island comprised of mixed
parentage. Parlee (2015) has noted that First Nations women had not only been engaged in
providing families for colonizers, they further offered local understanding regarding the way rely
on the land and sea in an extraordinarily opulent environment. With utmost proficiency in
hunting and fishing as well as in the farming and arrangement of local foods, First Nations had
served as a decisive part as settlers adjusted to situations on the Pacific Coast. Furthermore,
according to authors, Indigenous of Canada practised white skills and further assisted them to

CANADIAN SOCIAL HISTORY3
familiarize to a life regardless of medication, transportations or the store-bought products, which
number of settlers had relied on Canada.
For several centuries starting from 1650 and 1850, First Nations lived in utmost
coherence with fur traders who arrived to the region from Montreal in order to obtain furs and
subsequently other agricultural produces. As per the study of Snelgrove, Dhamoon and
Corntassel (2014), Canadian fur traders did not exhibit any interest in acquiring lands of the First
Nations, but only in utilizing Indigenous-hunting abilities to deliver the furs for trade practices in
European marketplaces. There had been witnessed European-Canadians had been dependent on
the First Nations meant for this trade. Thus, the relationship between First Nations and White
settlers has been considered as being of ‘contact’. Drawing relevance to these factors, it has been
noted that Salt Spring Islanders conceited them by upholding equivalent associations and
dealings between African-Americans with the larger British population. Parlee (2015) has noted
that the African-American inhabitants had been amongst the highly knowledgeable on the island
in addition to number of men showed dynamic participation in local policymaking. Furthermore,
being the first non-Native arrivals, they developed the competence to settle down on some of the
most fruitful lands. Studies of authors have found some evidences related to the lack of
contentment African-American natives showed due to wide-ranging equality whereby they
gathered in single part of the island. Moreover, number of historians have argued that many non-
natives left the land as the end of the American Civil War concluded sanctioned oppression in
the United States. Regardless of the underlying explanations, the African-American community
developed as much smaller and subordinate subsequent to the killings of the late 1860s. In
addition to this, First Nations inhabitants have been celebrating treaties amongst them previously
in order to form associations among nations and their land properties prior to the settlement of