Pathogenesis of Asthma and Clinical Manifestations

CASE STUDY OF
ASTHMA

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Question 1..................................................................................................................................1
Pathogenesis causing the clinical manifestations with which Poppy presents......................1
Question 2..................................................................................................................................1
1. Sit Poppy in a High Fowlers position................................................................................1
2. Apply and titrate oxygen...................................................................................................1
Question 3..................................................................................................................................2
Salbutamol..............................................................................................................................2
via nebulizer...........................................................................................................................3
Hydrocortison.........................................................................................................................3
eIV..........................................................................................................................................4
Ipratropium Bromide via nebuliser........................................................................................5
REREFENCES...........................................................................................................................6

Question 1
Pathogenesis causing the clinical manifestations with which Poppy presents
Asthma is one of the most complex, common and chronic disease which is mostly found in
children. Pathogenesis of acute asthma is quite complex that involves airways inflammation,
intermittent airflow obstruction and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (Craft & et al, 2015). Poppy
was diagnosed with acute exacerbations of asthma so as per the question pathogenesis causing
clinical manifestations of asthma is limitation of airflow in asthma is caused by variety of
changes within airways that includes.
 Bronchoconstriction: it is one of the main physiological events that leads to airway
narrowing and subsequent interference with airflow.
 Airway edema: As this disease becomes more persistent, inflammation becomes more
progressive and many other factors limits airflow.
 Airway hyperresponsiveness: It is one of the major features of asthma which is an
exaggerated bronchoconstrictor response to a wide variety of stimuli.
 Airway remodeling: Sometimes airflow limitation is partially reversible. Permanent
structural chances can occur in the airway.
Question 2
1. Sit Poppy in a High Fowlers position
Ways in which position of a patient with acute asthma in a High Fowlers position assist to
alleviate respiratory distress
Positional strategies are most commonly used to improve oxygenation of patients with
acute respiratory diseases (Grossmann, 2013). It can be used for Poppy for her acute
exacerbation of asthma. It can help Poppy to assist or support airways, circulation, breathing as
well as monitor her clinical status and vital sign. High Fowlers position will provide Poppy a
comfortable position as well as will also encourage her to relax. This position will also help in
maintaining a calm environment. This position will also ensure Poppy that all the medical staff
members are there in order to ensure her safety. This position will also provide assistance to her
many activities such as breathing, eating. This position is specifically chosen for taking X- Ray
at bed side when breathing treatment is provided to Poppy.
2. Apply and titrate oxygen
What kind of oxygen delivery device will be used?
1