Civil Engineering Construction | Essay

Higher National Certificate/Diploma in Construction and the Built Environment
CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
Table of Contents
LO1: Explain the common method and techniques used in civil engineering earthworks and
substructures.............................................................................................................. 2
Task 1a: Earthworks activities, techniques and equipment....................................................2
Task 1b: Techniques and Methods used in the creation of piling works, complex foundations and the
drainage works.......................................................................................................... 2
Task 1c: The techniques and methods being made useful the construction of culvert, underpass and
utilities provision....................................................................................................... 3
Task 1d: Techniques and Methods used in the huge complex earthmoving processes...................4
Task 1e: Techniques and Methods used in dealing with such issues of slope stability & ground......5
LO2: Present a site safety plan, risk assessment and method statement for a given civil
engineering activity...................................................................................................... 5
Task 2a: Hazards, risks and safety preparations to carry out excavations, carrying out work in
restricted places, doing work in temporary works on highways and carrying out given work on
structures................................................................................................................. 5
Task 2b: Safety plan, risk assessments and method statements for an engineering activity.............6
Task 2c: Health and Safety Legislation and Codes of practice associated with civil engineering
activities.................................................................................................................. 7
Task 2d: Civil engineering accomplishments associated Hazards............................................8
LO3: Evaluate a given civil engineering problem and propose a solution................................8
Task 3a: Estimating the environmental, geotechnical, quality and economic frameworks of a Civil
Engineering course of activity....................................................................................... 8
Task 3b: How geotechnical, environmental, quality and economic problems are tackled in the
proposal.................................................................................................................. 9
LO4: Prepare a design proposal for a new infrastructure project.........................................9
Task 4 a. Highway design Techniques and Methods............................................................9
Task 4 b. Analyzing methods and techniques for creating foundations of bridges, flexible highway
foundation and geotechnical aspects.............................................................................10
Conclusion.................................................................................................................. 11
References.................................................................................................................. 11
Introduction

Civil Engineering construction processes are mostly performed in single units in the process of
gaining overall development structures. These structures being developed and constructed might
constitute the road, buildings and so on. This write up is particularly built on the understanding
of such dissimilar tasks and the necessary information used for the growth of a proposed huge
civil engineering development and construction project(s) which is to be effected in the Lok Wo
Sha, Shatin, Hong Kong. This forms our case study or the scope of the discussion. This is going
to be exposed in the following sections of this paper.
LO1: Explain the common method and techniques used in civil engineering earthworks
and substructures
Task 1a: Earthworks activities, techniques and equipment
Excavation and earthmoving equipment.
They are discussed as follow;
Bulldozer: Used for pushing the soil in the effect of excavation.
Dragline: Used in the progress of the heavy excavation.
Dump Truck: Used in transferring the excavated material.
Excavation
Refers to the process that entirely aid during the process of breaking the rocks and the soil into
smaller parts (Navon, Khoury and Doytsher, 2012).
Excavation and load
The vehicle load comprises of both dynamic and the static loads, administered as a result of the
quarter-truck model support.
Haul and deposit
These processes involve the construction and drilling tasks. The task is carried out using,
bulldozers, cranes, leaders, trucks and tractors.
Task 1b: Techniques and Methods used in the creation of piling works, complex foundations and
the drainage works
Some of such stages being taken in the development of the foundation are highlighted below:
 Inspecting the soil in which the development of the foundation ids to effect.

 Finding actual turnings of the foundation over the inspected soil to enable development
of this proposed foundation.
 In increasing the net carrier processing through conducting the entire excavation process.
 Footing installation.
 Sealing footing so as to avoid interaction with moisture (Rezkhikha, 2019).
Task 1c: The techniques and methods being made useful the construction of culvert, underpass
and utilities provision.
Among the aspects determining development and construction of these features are as stated
Weight angle dropping: In the process of ensuring that a specific hammer is striking the
required head, a hammer with the estimated pile weight is dropped from an appropriate height
carefully guided and freed to the ground.
Vibration: The hammers used are established and are electrically powered. They comprise
contra-rotating masses that are eccentric embedded in the housing. This housing is perfectly
attached on to the head of this pile.
Jetting: Jetting entirely helps in the process of marinating the pile penetration in the sand to be
used (Chew, 2017).
Culvert Construction
Steps:
•The entire process of constructing of the half culvert is greatly accomplished through
excavation carried out as designed
•The bed of this constructed culvert then prepared.
•Screed concrete together with a rubble wall are placed (Agarwal, 2017).
• Traffic diversion is then carried out.
Construction of Underpass.

Refers to the development and construction of passageway or tunnel based way running beneath
a railway or road mostly to be used by pedestrians.
Methods:
 Precast concrete Units
 In situ Concrete
 Thrust - bored units (Singh and Seth, 2017).
Laying of the underground utilities and Drains.
The stages and entire process of Laying of the underground utilities and Drains are highlighted
as follows;
Stages/Process.
1. Selecting the desired route that the drainage system is to be laid down or developed.
2. Pipe selection to be used in in the whole process of this drainage system development
looping.
3. Digging the trench where the pipe for drainage is to be developed/ laid..
4. Trench lining process.
5. Installing the selected pipes inside the trenches of the drainage system.
6. Trench refilling process.
7. Replace the sob if any after the process.
Task 1d: Techniques and Methods used in the huge complex earthmoving processes.
Carried out effectively and as required, some of these methods are discussed below.
Loading
Helps in transporting the earth materials.