Climate Change and Global Warming

Running head: CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL WARMING
Climate Change and Global Warming
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CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL WARMING1
Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................2
Causes of climate change and the global warming....................................................................2
Effect on environment and living beings...................................................................................5
Complexities of climate system and climate change policy......................................................7
Possible Solutions......................................................................................................................7
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................8
References................................................................................................................................10

CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL WARMING2
Introduction
Climate change refers to rise in the average surface temperature on the earth that has
been caused primarily owing to human use of the fossil fuels. It releases the carbon dioxide
along with the other kinds of the greenhouse gases in the air. The climate change causes the
rise in the average temperature and it also causes extreme weather events on the surface of
the earth (Climate.nasa.gov 2020). Global warming is indicative of long-term rise in average
temperature of climate system of Earth. It have been caused by the humans and the changes
that have taken place in 20 th century have been unprecedented in scale that can prove to be
catastrophic for the environment. This report discusses about the natural and the man-made
causes of the climate change on the earth. This report talks about the effects of the climate
change on the environment along with the living species of the earth. This report elucidates
on the measures that can be taken that can minimise the effects in relation to the climate
change and the global warming.
Causes of climate change and the global warming
Scientific development of the climatology have helped in studying the weather
patterns along with the systems that gives rise to the weather conditions. The climatologists
with the help of the research methodologies are understanding the problem about the global
warming so that it can bring about the improvements in the condition of the earth. It is the
new arena of science that have helped in understanding how the actions of the human beings
are eroding the living conditions on the earth (Environmentalscience.org 2020). It aids in the
examination of the weather patterns in the long term that can aid in tracking the weather
system. They make use of the various kinds of data sets from the satellites that helps in
noticing the changes that can affect the local climate. It talks about the effect of the natural

CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL WARMING3
process along with the human activities that have been responsible for bringing about the
changes in the climate.
There are natural causes like the volcanic eruptions, solar radiations, orbital changes
of earth, internal variability and the ocean currents that are giving rise to the climate change
on the face of the earth. The volcanoes bring about the short-term cooling of the earth and it
pumps out the ashes that blocks the rays of the sun. The volcanic debris is inclusive of the
sulphur dioxide which combines within the water vapour of atmosphere which reflects the
sunlight away from surface of Earth. The ocean currents can be said to be an important
component in relation to climate system of the earth. The water density is affected by the
salinity along with the temperature of water (Un.org 2020). It can be stated that the colder the
ocean water is the denser it is and the density differences contributes to the circulation system
which is on the global scale. It is known as global conveyor belt and the global circulation
system is responsible for the distribution of the heat energy and the regulation of the weather.
The slow changes in orbit of the earth leads to significant changes in strength of seasons over
the passage of the time. The climate feedbacks are responsible for amplifying the changes
that gives rise to the production of the ice ages. Sun refers to energy source that aids in the
maintenance of the climate system of the earth. The energy output of the sun have remained
constant from the everyday point of the view however the small changes over the course of
extended period of time have created he way for the climate changes. There are some kinds
of changes that are caused by the interactions within the framework of the climate system that
causes the temporary warming along with the cooling. It has an effect on the atmospheric
circulation patterns which influences the global climate. It have been brought out by
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) that the human emissions have been
responsible for 100 % of global warming since the year 1950 (Ipcc.ch 2020). The
greenhouse gases from that of human activities have acted as a significant driver for the