Coagulation | Research Theory

Running Head: RESEARCH THEORY
RESEARCH THEORY
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1RESEARCH THEORY
1. RESEARCH TOPIC
1.1 Introduction
Coagulation is a significant drinking water treatment procedure. It was used to
remove from source waters contaminants, cyanobacteria and natural organic materials
(NOMs). Cyanobacteria removal becomes increasingly important in drinking water treatment
due to eutrophication and consequently algae blooming (Antoniouet al. 2013).Cyanobacteria
removal becomes increasingly important in drinking water treatment due to eutrophication
and consequently algae blooming. Removal of NOM is also very essential for water treatment
as the existence of NOM would result in the creation of toxic by-products of disinfectants
(DBP).Cyanobacteria and NOM removal efficiency by coagulation depends on the
coagulants used and conditions of water chemistry such as pH and contaminant nature
(Cermakovaet al. 2017).
2. RESEARCH AIMS & OBJECTIVES
The main aim of the study is to explore the coagulation effectiveness and optimum
conditions for cyanobacteria and NOM removal using several frequently used coagulants and
various water chemistry conditions.
The main objectives of the project are:
1. Waste water management
2. Removal of cyanobacteria from the water
3. Removal of natural organic material (NOM) techniques to remove the
eutrophication present in waste water
3. RESEARCH PLAN
The study plan will consist of four phases:

2RESEARCH THEORY
 Preliminary report
 Literature review
 Research proposal
 Research investigation
3.1 Preliminary Report
The aim of preliminary report is to familiarize the investigator with the subject of
studies, know the regions of concern and guarantee that the proposal can be finished within
the given period. Preliminary investigations discovered that less research was done on the
waste water treatment by the optimization of the coagulation conditions of cyanobacteria and
the removal of natural organic materials or NOM, confirming the need for further studies
(Chalewet al. 2013).
3.2 Literature Review
A review of literature that is accessible is a crucial phase in the development of a
study project. The literature study demonstrates what study already exists and where gaps still
exist. The articles that are used for the literature review show that the NOM is a very
complicated substance that is a matrix of naturally occurring organic materials that are
identified in water. Thus, it has the ability to influence all the stages of water treatment
particularly the efficiency of the coagulants and the disinfectants that are used. As a result,
NOM affects the quality of drinking water by engaging in the creation of DBPs, biological re-
growth in the distribution scheme, color, and taste and odor production (Ghernaoutet al.
2014). The supply of drinking water from the lakes, rivers, streams, and reservoirs there is
abundant and diverse forms of algae. The algal blooms are comprised of cyanobacteria or the
blue-green algae that cause a number of problems in the treatment of drinking water as they
release organic compounds into the water bodies either extracellularly or intacellularly by the