Randomized Control Trials and Research

The provided document is a detailed analysis of randomized control trials (RCTs) and their differences from other research methods. It highlights two key features that distinguish RCTs: the comparison of results between groups with and without specific interventions, and the use of randomization protocols in allocating participants to conditions. The importance of isolating intervention effects is emphasized, as it allows researchers to understand the impact of interventions on clinical outcomes. The document also references several studies and research papers that demonstrate the effectiveness of RCTs in evaluating medical treatments and interventions.

Running head: COMPLIMENTARY THERAPIES 1
Complimentary therapies
Student’s Name
Lecture’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Date

COMPLIMENTARY THERAPIES 2
Task 3 and 4
What is randomized control trials?
Randomized control trial is an experimental design used to reduce biases when trying
newly introduced treatment. The technique involves selecting participants through a randomized
process to form a group that would receive the treatment. The group of participants selected
should have a similar characteristic apart from the type of treatment given to them. For the
instant, researchers may do the test in various ways. These could be like, visiting the outpatient
and making calls for the follow-up purposes for them that received the standard treatment (1)
Randomized control trials can also be termed as the comparison of multiples of groups to be
treated and the absence of the usual group. The alternative name for randomized control trials is
the randomized clinical trials (RCTs). RCTs are used when describing the clinical studies via
randomized clinical trials. Randomized experiments can also be applied in other fields like in
social sciences.
1.Kramer, M. S. (1993). Effects of energy and protein intakes on pregnancy outcome: an
overview of the research evidence from controlled clinical trials. The American journal
of clinical nutrition, 58(5), 627-635.
2.Dische, S., Chassagne, D., Hope-Stone, H. F., Dawes, P. J. D. K., Roberts, J. T., Yosef, H., ...
& Gonzales, D. G. (1993). A trial of Ro 03-8799 (pimonidazole) in carcinoma of the
uterine cervix: an interim report from the Medical Research Council Working Party on
advanced carcinoma of the cervix. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 26(2), 93-103.

COMPLIMENTARY THERAPIES 3
The origin of randomized trial control may be dated back to 600 B.C. The technique was
first researched by one of the earliest researchers known as Daniel Judah. The primary objective
of the research was to establish the impact of vegetation diet and Babylonian royal diet. The
investigation remained incomplete of contemporary standard in medicine for a while, though its
influence was still active. The primary advancement of the technique was done was done in the
19th century (3) Then it was evaluated by the British Council of research which sought the
impact of streptomycin in curing pulmonary tuberculosis (8)
The technique has been adopted today in medicine and in the health trials to access some of the
interventions in medical procedures. The technique has dramatically made it easier for the
medical researchers especially when balancing known and the unknown prognostic aspects. That
what has contributed to the accuracy and the reliability of their treatment (4)
3.Raghunathan, N., Mankad, S., & Kumar, R. (2014). Impact Evaluations: Ways to Get It Right
—Tips for Achieving Impactful Impact Evaluations. Bulk Sales, 233.
4.Moore, G. F., Audrey, S., Barker, M., Bond, L., Bonell, C., Hardeman, W., ... & Baird, J.
(2015). Process evaluation of complex interventions: Medical Research Council
guidance. BMJ, 350, h1258
8. Allegaert, K. (2017). Clinical Studies in Infants (Pediatric Pharmacology). Drug Discovery
and Evaluation: Methods in Clinical Pharmacology, 1-16.

COMPLIMENTARY THERAPIES 4
2. How Randomized control trials (RCTs) bit is used in medicine.
Due to increase in the urge of the pieces of evidence-centered in medicine, randomized
control trials are mainly used in setting the standards in evaluating the efficacity, and the
interventions to attain quality results. RTCs has been considered to be a powerful tool in medical
tests. Its apparent strength has made it in developing the anticipated research protocols in
medicine (4)
Today, the technique has been adopted by very many medical doctors to test the efficacy of
drugs. The method has proven to have a high impact since it decreases bias in allocating to
certain significant levels. This is because in our quotidian clinical activities are based on trying
to understand the particular pathophysiology and how a given intervention impact that
pathophysiology to better the consequences. Randomized trials have been employed in medicine
to access the effect of intraoperative opioids on activating the sympathetic nervous system. That
why many clinical researchers are making a very vital tool in determining the causal
relationships between an intervention and its outcome.
procedure when applied to the treated group like alternating the objects or shifting the
groups can result to contaminating the possibilities.
4.Moore, G. F., Audrey, S., Barker, M., Bond, L., Bonell, C., Hardeman, W., ... & Baird, J.
(2015). Process evaluation of complex interventions: Medical Research Council
guidance. BMJ, 350, h1258

COMPLIMENTARY THERAPIES 5
The other use of randomized control trial is to eliminate the treatment basis and helping in the
treatment’s facilitation through identification from the participants, assessors and investigators.
RCTs allows the theory of probability which help in determining the likelihood chances of the
treated groups and any difference in the results. Randomized control trials involve two
procedures
to randomize the patients to the distinct interventions (8). The first process, is selecting a
randomization that will produce unpredictable series of the allocations. The second randomized
control trial procedure is the concealment allocation. Concealment of allocation helps in
preventing the revealing of the patient prior to allocations to their various groups. Non-random
8.Allegaert, K. (2017). Clinical Studies in Infants (Pediatric Pharmacology). Drug Discovery
and Evaluation: Methods in Clinical Pharmacology, 1-16.

COMPLIMENTARY THERAPIES 6
3.Why an RTCs used to evaluate treatment?
Today in almost all the health sectors, new treatments and drugs are being
discovered. Again, different conditions are emerging among the patients. That calls for medical
practitioners and other medical researchers to come up with the appropriate method of assessing
the effectiveness of each drug and treatment. That will make it possible to counter the emerging
condition of the patient. There is also a need of seeking the side effect of a drug before its
administered to the patient (5). Any time a new drug or treatment is introduced for a specific
situation, it is first tried to prove its quality and effectiveness. The potential side effects and the
measures that can be taken to deal with them are also investigated. This is the reason why the
randomized trial has been introduced in medicine. Every time some people are contacted to test a
recent treatment or drug, a randomized control trial has proven the best method of testing such
treatment. RTCS is used to evaluate therapy since it can give the comparison of the control or
standard procedure and the recently introduced treatment. Randomization is therefore used to
counter all the mix-ups that may be encountered. Since the surgery is allocated through
randomization, every person has a chance of either recurring the control treatment of the newly
introduced treatment.
5.Lim, K. H. A., Loo, Z. Y., Goldie, S. J., Adams, J. W., & McMenamin, P. G. (2016). Use of
3D printed models in medical education: a randomized control trial comparing 3D prints
versus cadaveric materials for learning external cardiac anatomy. Anatomical sciences
education, 9(3), 213-221.

COMPLIMENTARY THERAPIES 7
The selected groups for the test must be comparable. They must have the same
distributional features that enable the cancellation of any biases among the patients who are
involved in the analysis. In cases where there is a blind participant involved in the trial, both the
patient and investigators should have the information and the knowledge on the most appropriate
and the best kind of treatment that is about to be administered (6)
Randomized control trials have proven that the differences in intervention alone because
significant divergence found in the research result. There are two characteristics which
distinguish randomized tests from all other kinds of research and effect that goes along with
responses. Randomized control test can compare the results of these groups with and without
specific intervention. The other feature that distinguishes randomized trial from other techniques
is the fact that it uses a random protocol in allocating participants to a condition. These
characteristics enable it to isolate the impact of interventions on other aspects that affect clinical
results. These aspects include phenomena statistics, the original chronicle of the situation and
statistics of the regression (7).
6.Adak, S., Mukherjee, S., & Sen, D. (2017). Mesenchymal Stem Cell as a Potential Therapeutic for
Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Myth or Reality? Current stem cell research & therapy, 12(8), 644-
657
7.Kasai, M., Iijima, Y., Takemura, H., Mizoguchi, H., Ohshima, T., & Satomi, N. (2016,
August). Dental plaque assessment lifelogging system using the commercial camera for
oral health care. In Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2016 IEEE
38th Annual International Conference of the (pp. 2566-2569).

COMPLIMENTARY THERAPIES 8
References
Kramer, M. S. (1993). Effects of energy and protein intakes on pregnancy outcome: an overview
of the research evidence from controlled clinical trials. The American journal of clinical
nutrition, 58(5), 627-635.
Dische, S., Chassagne, D., Hope-Stone, H. F., Dawes, P. J. D. K., Roberts, J. T., Yosef, H., ... &
Gonzales, D. G. (1993). A trial of Ro 03-8799 (pimonidazole) in carcinoma of the uterine
cervix: an interim report from the Medical Research Council Working Party on advanced
carcinoma of the cervix. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 26(2), 93-103.
Raghunathan, N., Mankad, S., & Kumar, R. (2014). Impact Evaluations: Ways to Get It Right—
Tips for Achieving Impactful Impact Evaluations. Bulk Sales, 233.
Moore, G. F., Audrey, S., Barker, M., Bond, L., Bonell, C., Hardeman, W., ... & Baird, J. (2015).
Process evaluation of complex interventions: Medical Research Council guidance. BMJ,
350, h1258.
Lim, K. H. A., Loo, Z. Y., Goldie, S. J., Adams, J. W., & McMenamin, P. G. (2016). Use of 3D
printed models in medical education: a randomized control trial comparing 3D prints
versus cadaveric materials for learning external cardiac anatomy. Anatomical sciences
education, 9(3), 213-221.
Adak, S., Mukherjee, S., & Sen, D. (2017). Mesenchymal Stem Cell as a Potential Therapeutic for
Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Myth or Reality? Current stem cell research & therapy, 12(8), 644-
657
Kasai, M., Iijima, Y., Takemura, H., Mizoguchi, H., Ohshima, T., & Satomi, N. (2016, August).
Dental plaque assessment lifelogging system using the commercial camera for oral health

COMPLIMENTARY THERAPIES 9
care. In Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2016 IEEE 38th Annual
International Conference of the (pp. 2566-2569). IEEE.
Allegaert, K. (2017). Clinical Studies in Infants (Pediatric Pharmacology). Drug Discovery and
Evaluation: Methods in Clinical Pharmacology, 1-16.