Computed Tomography

Computed Tomography

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
1
Table of Contents
Introduction...........................................................................................................................................2
History...................................................................................................................................................2
Evolution of CT......................................................................................................................................3
Different generation..............................................................................................................................3
First generation.................................................................................................................................3
Second generation.............................................................................................................................3
Third generation................................................................................................................................4
Fourth generation..............................................................................................................................4
Image Reconstruction............................................................................................................................4
Image Artifacts......................................................................................................................................4
Technical details....................................................................................................................................4
Clinical usage and future of CT..............................................................................................................4
Conclusion.............................................................................................................................................4
References.............................................................................................................................................4

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
2
Introduction
The term computed tomography is defined as the imaging process technique
which is used in the field of medical for scanning the areas of the body system. Mainly,
such kind of technique utilizes special x-ray equipment in order to produce a detailed
picture of areas inside the human body system (Seeram, 2015). It is observed that
computed tomography is also called computerized tomography and computerized axial
tomography technique. The objective of this study is to highlight the concept of
computed tomography along with their history and image reconstruction process. This
report is divided into several key sections, for example, history, the evolution of CT,
different generation, image reconstruction, image arifacts, technical details, and clinical
usage and future of CT.
History
The history of X-ray CT technique goes back to at least 1917 with the numerical
theory of the Radon transform. It is observed that the first commercially viable
computed tomography scanner was developed by Godfrey Hounsfield in the year 1967.
However, the mathematical concept involved in the computer tomographic
reconstruction back to 1917 with the invention of the random transforms (Ginat, &
Gupta, 2014). The Johann Radon indicated that a function could be reformed from an
infinite number of the set.
In the year 1937, the Stefan Kaczmarz produced and developed a technique in
order to determine an approximate solution to a huge system of linear algebraic
equations (Liguori, et al., 2015). It has been identified that in the year 1971 the first
patient brain computed tomographic scanner was performed in England but it was not
issued until a year later. From 1973 to 2009 the use of the computed tomographic
technique has increased and many health care providers and medical adopted this
technique for scanning the inside area of the body. In this modern era, there are
numerous CT scanners used for scanning the entire body of the patients and they
involve the digital data set for providing commands to the CT scanner machine.