Concepts Of Leadership And Management Solution Assignment

CONCEPTS OF LEADERSHIP AND
MANAGEMENT

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
P1 Roles & Characteristics of Manager & Leader......................................................................3
P2 Managers Role And Leaders Characteristics In Various Context.........................................5
P3 Approaches and Theories in Context of Leadership..............................................................6
P4 Various types of management approaches to operational management and functions of
leader and managers....................................................................................................................7
P5 Necessity of operation management in achieving business objectives .................................9
P6 Factors that affects the operational management and decision making by leaders and
managers...................................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
The concept of leadership basically deals with motivating and influencing the employees
of company in order to attain the objectives and goals set. Through effective planning and
implementing the strategies and through proper management by the management team, it helps
in taking the organization to a higher level and increase its profitability.
Corus Group Plc was established with the merger of British Steel Plc and Koninklijke
Hoogovens in 1999. It was then acquired by Tata Group in 2007 and renamed in September 2010
as Tata Steel Europe accordingly. This report analysis on the different aspects of leaders and
managers roles and functions. They are being described in context with the organizational
changes in labor turnover and technology through explaining the various approaches of
leadership. It also states the importance of management operations and their impact for achieving
short-term and long-term objectives and goals of company. Moreover, The report ends with the
role and responsibilities of leader and the manager in the operation functions of the company.
And also evaluating the relationship among management team and leadership in context of
business and its environment.
MAIN BODY
P1 Roles & Characteristics of Manager & Leader
A leader is a person who has a superior position in the company as leader is the one who
plans the ultimate vision of the company's future, along with that its leaders duty to influence
and inspire the employees by applying the practical skills for fulfilling the objective and vision
on time.
Manager is the one who manages, and has control over the company and the employees,
leader basically plays a role of in charge of assignments or head of departments and leads the
functions and guide the people in accordance to that(Schönsleben, 2018).
BASIS LEADER MANAGER
Setting Goals It is duty of the leader to act in
a creative and innovative way
in order to create a vision for
Corus which will help it
Manager creates an
environment for the employees
so that they can work on the
goals assigned to them. For

reaches heights. And for
accomplishment of the same,
leader should influence and
motivate the staff and the
subordinates to work with
more confidence and zeal. For
Example: They can motivate
through organizing
motivational seminars.
example: Peaceful and Healthy
environment for better
working. It is their duty to
keep a check on their
performance and evaluate the
same. They relate the goals of
Corus as a whole with different
department's goal, in order to
check the overall strategic
goals' achievement.
Organizing For achieving the ultimate
goals of Corus which is a Tata
Steel Group's part, leaderships
role is to organize and allocate
the tasks and duties to the
subordinate according to their
skills and practical knowledge
for achieving the set goals of
the organization. For Example:
Division of employees
according to their skills will
help in better organizing
procedure.
As organizing harmonizes the
goals allotted to individual in
accordance to fulfill overall
Objective of company.
Mangers help in coordinating
with employees, action plan
for procedures and policies,
appropriate resources needed
for smoothing the path towards
goals of Chorus. For Example:
Tools and equipment provided
to employees for efficient
working.
Direction & Motivation The primary role of a leader is
to give appropriate guidance
and direction to the team and
inspire them to move in the
right direction by application
of knowledge and skills for
accomplishing the set goal of
A manager's role is to give
guidance and supervise the
subordinates and get the work
done by them after the
planning process through
effectively communicating
with them in context of the

Corus. Leader should motivate
the subordinates in such a way
that one should create a sense
of confidence and urge
working for the organization's
upliftment(Chiarini and
Vagnoni, 2015).
goal. Leader also safeguards
that whether the employees of
Corus are working efficiently
for attaining the objectives of
Company. For Example:
Software can be used for
advance communication
process, to make it more fast
and effective.
Action initiation After setting the goals, the
leader himself has to initiate
the process in regard to the
fulfillment of the set objectives
in interest of the groups
without depending on others
for directing and the process of
decision. The goals should
meet the actual need of the
Corus(Slack and Brandon-
Jones, 2018).
Manager's role in initiation of
the action for the goals set is to
supervise and involve with the
team leaders to understand
their determined action and
conduct required to be
followed by them in
accordance to the goals of
Company.
Similarities between Managers and Leaders Roles and Characteristics
Despite of so many differences, there are some of the similarities also between the managers and
leaders roles and characteristics in context of their authority, they both assign the work to their
employees and evaluate the same on the basis of set standard, and if there is some or the other
error they are the only person accountable to the higher level.
Differences on the basis of Characteristics of Leaders and Managers
A manager is authorized to manage the entire operations of the Corus through
intelligence, whereas the leader motivates and influences the subordinates by applying
foresightedness to work efficiently so that the goal of the organization is achieved. The ultimate

planning lies in the hands of manager but to follow the plan and set the directions as per it is
done by the leaders of Corus.
P2 Managers Role And Leaders Characteristics In Various Context
Managers and leaders plays a vital role in management of day to day tasks of the company. At
the end of the day they make sure that the work assigned is accomplished for which they have to
contribute in diversified areas of Corus such as:
Technological Changes
Technology needs to get advanced according to changes in needs and demands of
customers. For improving the quality of performance, technology needs to be upgraded and
expanded. By appointing research & development team proper investigation can be done so that
innovation can take place with revolutionary technology for product development and dealing
with the intense competition(Ravindran, 2016).
Leaders role is to understand the technology and find out the ways it can aid them in
proper management of the subordinates and making teams and coordinating with them. A leader
has to be ever ready to accept the changes and mold the plans according to it, and the final result
should be as same as the set standard, by embracing and expanding the new market. Also, with
the help of collaborative working through various new software's, he can manage the work and
organize the meetings and sessions as and when required for meeting up Corus's future goals in
regard to technological up gradation.
The functions of managers radically changes with the technology change and it is
expected from them to adopt new technologies for better management of employees. They
should involve themselves personally so that they can oversee the implementation of the plan is
done in respect to the impact of technological changes. For application of new technologies the
strategies and policies framed to adopt the same, managers has to apply his practical skills and
knowledge in Corus. Due to change in technology the responsibility increases as the functions
increases in context with the planning process, coordinating with different levels, controlling the
activities and implementing the plan along with checking the outcomes of the plan.
Labor Turnover

It is the rate at which the labor of the company leaves the employment which can be
assessed in connection with the frequency of leaving the company during a certain time period or
total number of days worked in a particular year(Choi, Chan and Yue, 2016).
Labor Turnover can be a result of poor or unsatisfied leaderships within the labors of
Corus. Therefore, the leader's role is to effectively communicate, encourage them to urge a
feeling of working, address their problems constantly. By better coordination and controlling and
making the employees engaged more in the assigned work will create a sense of dedication and
positivity in the environment resulting in more efficient working and less turnover of employees.
A manager's area of function is wide in context to the turnover of labor, manager can
work on staffing process in regard to their training and development so that they can know the
work better, which they will have to perform and get expertise in their practical and theoretical
skills and knowledge for accomplishment of the goal of Corus. Also, Manager's function is to
provide timely resources and tools needed by the employees in regard to complete their task,
good quality equipment which will be more durable in nature so that productivity of the
company is maintained.
P3 Approaches and Theories in Context of Leadership
Classical Theory
This theory generally focuses on the economic and physical needs of any employee of the
organization. And it dos not focuses on the needs related to the social well being and satisfaction
of their job. Its only emphasis is on the profit maximization of the firm disregard of the needs of
employees. Also, the leadership is done through centralized way, which is very inefficient way in
motivating the employees to work with dedication.
Contemporary Theory
This approach includes the Transformational leadership, where the leader exchange its
views and ideas about the strategies and plans that need to be implemented for achieving the
goals and objectives of the company. Also, it invites innovative and creative ideas from the
employees as well so that they feel motivated and wok with full dedication and efficiency.
Situational Leadership
Situational Leadership is basically a style followed by the leaders of the organization
where for development to a certain level set, they adjust the style so that it can become suitable
for the employees to follow up with the leaders. Therefore, in this style the leaders does not ask

employees to act according to the style, but they change their style so that it is easy to follow and
adapt the same. This can be changed according to the needs of the organization in context to
achieving its goals(Nakagawa, NEC Corp, 2015).
Leaders have to be more flexible and have to provide appropriate guidance and
supervision and also by delegating the work to employees will make them more responsible and
efficient in working. And at the time of evaluation the leaders of Corus can give suggestions and
opinions which will help in increasing coordination and efficiency.
Managers need to give coaching to the employees who are weaker or need more time to
get used to work, for developing the skills within them the managers of Corus should arrange for
the coaching of the subordinates. By creating challenges into opportunity with the application of
strategic skills, managers can create brand awareness, for this their function will be to give
appropriate directions and close supervision to the employees so that they can help in growth
process of the company.
System Leadership style
In System Leadership style the leaders create such surroundings where the employees of
different level work with their full potential by increasing productivity of the organization. It
provides various devices and tools to leaders so that they can have the knowledge of the
competency and behavior of employee, and by leading them to adopt the right practices for
effective working of Corus(Heizer, Render and Munson, 2017).
Leaders role in system leadership is related with studying and analyzing the past patterns
and relationships, they can quickly take an effective decision by comparing and get aware of the
objectives of past as well as future of Corus. Also, he should be practice communication which is
open and effective, that is, by giving opportunity of putting forward others view of point and
opinions as they can be distinct with their opinion, through this they can easily reach the
objective of the company.
Managers main function is to set different level structures so that its easy to achieve the
targeted goals of the company and also focuses more on systems and operations rather then
relationships. They have to assign and allot the responsibility to the subordinates and counsel
them to reach the targets of Corus.
Contingency Leadership Style

It states the effectiveness and efficiency of the leader on the basis of different situation,
the style and management functions adopted to be constant on the track of achieving the goals
and objectives of Corus.
A leader has to be self aware of the environment and its changes near him in his
surroundings. The leader has to be confident enough and also adopt the process sharing of power
among the subordinates for better working.
Manager has to be effective in the situation of contingency as management cannot be one
on the basis of single way, it has to changed according to the situation. Therefore, in case of
sudden contingency the manager has to efficiently plan and organist along with monitoring and
controlling the particular situation.
P4 Various types of management approaches to operational management and functions of leader
and managers
Operation management is the process where different business practices are implemented
to make advanced level of efficient products and services by utilizing the resource's from
materials, staff, technology and equipment to attain the huge profit for the company.
Lean Manufacturing
Lean Manufacturing is the production control method that mainly focuses on diminishing
waste from the manufacturing system with the maximization of productivity and low operational
cost. Government, healthcare, food and beverages, hospitality industries are influenced by the
lean manufacturing. Lean approach helps in reducing the effects of cuts by the elimination of
wasteful processes in which no real value is added for the stakeholder and the end user, thus
government can ensure significant impact on the targeted areas. It will also help the food and
beverage industry, healthcare and hospitality in the waste processing without harming their
reputation in the market and compromising with the quality of their products(Lean
manufacturing definition,2016).
Role of Leaders
Leaders plays a vital role in the lean manufacturing process. Leaders avail their teams
with different tools for success, and boost them up for making smart decision which will help in

the sustainable and competitive growth of the company. Corus leaders provides guidance and
leadership to their employees which is sometimes not up to date and results in ambiguity.
Therefore, it should be provided with due care and with keeping the situation in mind, whenever
required by the employee which should directly rely on the experience, skills and knowledge of
their workers. The main strength of the leader is to lead the team with right work prioritizing
which should have a positive impact on the customer and their retention through satisfaction.
Corus leader has developed new technologies which will help them in the efficient
manufacturing process and Eco-friendly process of steel making helps them to deliver the
durable products to their customers(Merigó and Yang, 2017).
Role of Managers
Manager plays a significant role in the operation and success of the lean business. Corus
manager's strength is that they set focused targets and through on time interaction with
employees helps in improving the productivity level. A good manger will always strive hard for
achieving more development and continuous improvement. The Corus lean manager mainly
focuses on the customer's demand. But the manager sometimes lacks informing the significant
process of hindering that objective effectively, and this weakness has to be effectively
overcomed. The Corus had developed business improvement project for producing the tubular
products which is formed for the efficient use of the waste created form tubes. They encourage
employees for high quality of work with full dedication to the customers value, so that they
could accelerate business which is remained customer focus(Fisichelli and.et.al., 2016).
Total Quality Management
TQM is the management system for consumer-based organization which involves their
employees in continuous improvement. This approach allows all members of the organization to
participate in the product, improving process, services and the work culture. This uses the
various strategies, effective communication and data to maintain the quality discipline within the
company culture and activities. This approach is applicable in the service and public sector
organizations. It is a generic management tool which have a number of strands of evolution for
different sectors and is practiced in all types of activities which includes the manufacturing,
personnel, marketing, R&D, purchasing, engineering, purchasing and HR etc.,
Role of Leaders

Leaders strives hard for achieving huge consumer satisfaction by seeking zero defects in
their products and services. Leaders of Corus act as a management tool which implement TQM
in two different fundamental ways to achieve the company's goal. The main role of leader is to
serve their customer's according to their needs and demands and forming the significant
contribution towards the smooth flow of business. The Corus manager tries to achieve this by
developing self initiative by estimating the employees with standard process of operating and
company policies. After the acquisition by TATA group in 2012, Corus leader has developed a
self assessment program tool called Corus excellence Model (CEM) which is a positive step for
the company to sustain in the market again(Hill and Hill, 2017).
Role of Managers -
Managers plays and very crucial role in implementing the TQM practices for the
improvements. The managers are responsible for hiring the appropriate candidates for the
organization with the efficient skills who can perform the TQM practices. They monitor all the
activities on daily basis and conduct all the employees the better procedure to accomplish the
task with the efficient use of resources. The Corus manager manage the work of their employees
with the help of points in the score card for this they use AQUIP tool for this monitoring. They
also form different team and delegate work among the employees and introduce modern
techniques to them, so that they can easily perform the task. They provide benefits to their
employees by applying high quality projects to them which is beneficial for both the company
and the employee.
P5 Necessity of operation management in achieving business objectives
Operation management is the multi-disciplinary province where all organization
management functions are involved such as organizing, planning, supervising and controlling the
manufacturing and production process. They ensure that the product delivery should be timely
and successful implementation of raw materials into finished products. Operational management
has a significant role in running the project successfully(Roth and et.al., 2016).
The above specified two approaches of operation management helps the Corus to gain the
customer's satisfaction and delivering the quality product to the customers with the efficient use
of resources. By this two approaches company can enhance their product quality. Organization
can take care of durability and reliability of their products by availing the effective use of the
operational management methods which helps the company to deliver the world class products to

their customer's. The leaders and managers of the Corus had developed the special program in
2016 to attain the 30% of EBITDA at basic material price. Demand optimization is the main
issue in such program implement by the company(Venkataramanan and.et.al., 2017).
To enhance more emphasis on the improvement of the overall productivity through the
efficient use of resources. This management involves applying the proper amount of
mechanization which make company workforce more productive. Delivering the high quality
product to the customer at the right time and at the right place helps the business to grow
significantly. Corus managers and leaders works with coordination of teams and implement the
steel raw material according to the customer's preference and processed the raw material into
finished goods and distributes the products to the different centers or service centers which can
easily be reached through the customers(Importance of effective operations management,2019).
P6 Factors that affects the operational management and decision making by leaders and
managers
Sustainability
Sustainability is the concept whereby the organizations commits to perform their business
in sustainable manner. Sustainability is mainly based on first the effect which the business has on
nature and environment as well as the effect which the business have on society. Managers and
leaders of Corus group are highly involved in maintaining a sustainable environment at their
workplace and performing their activities ethically. Corus adopted some sustainability strategies
which has become platitude and contributed to their growth. For example 4M manufacturing
plant of the company drive down waste-water treatment by almost half by directing cooling
water from its factories influenced the decision-making of leaders and managers where they,
after analyzing the pros and cons of the Waste reduction programs, planned to launched it in
2010. This initiative taken by the managers and leaders improved the efficiency level of the
organization and stimulated more than 800 projects and thus saved billions of dollars. In 2012,
The managers of Corus electric department claimed that conservation is more securable
investment as compared to nuclear power thus with this move, The managers and labor union of
Corus shifted their concentration from plastic to the paper which became a successful waste
mitigation strategy and helped in enhancing the efficiency level(Lamba and Singh, 2017).

Ethics
Ethics is majorly a mixture of values, morals and principles which leads the people of
organization towards a path of greater understanding about how to perform the varied types of
activities ethically. The managerial decisions of Corus group are highly influenced by the ethics
and values of the workplace. The ethical role that revolves around the activities of Corus
manager are not only limited to the consideration of stakeholders that forms the part of Corus but
also inherently involves the way of identifying ethical elements that are inculcated in everyday
operations. Most of the times, ethics-laden scenarios involves the issue of extreme right and
wrong where the decisions taken by the managers reflects ethicality but sometimes their
decisions steps outside the constraints of legality and are illegal. In contrast to this, Ethical
leaders of Corus group are integrated with the sense of integrity and honesty and hence their
decision totally relies on doing the things that does not harm their followers. The well-developed
personal standards within leader enables them to think logical with clear cut rationale behind the
decision. While making decision for their colleagues, Corus leaders sticks to their core values
which shows their ethical decision-making.
Culture:
Culture means beliefs, values, attitude and tradition of peoples. Peoples are totally
affected by their culture in which they are living. The culture is also affected organization
environment. Employees are working together in one premises but their thoughts, beliefs, values
are different from each other. For these differences managers or leaders design some important
decisions which may affected by the culture of Corus company. Manager have to make policies
and strategies as per the beliefs and norms of the workers so that it is easy for them to cope up
with different situations which will ultimately help in enhancing the level of performance. If
manager are not considered peoples culture than it become barriers in an organization.
Employees feels bias in an organization and it improves collective barraging conditions in an
organization. The decision of leader is also affected by the culture. Leader have to shape
motivation strategies as per employees traditions. If leader is not give importance to employees
traditions than it will create situations of partiality and discrimination at work-place.
Corporate Social Responsibilities:
It is model of business which helps organization to be socially responsible. It is provides
a view point to company to focus upon social, economical and environmental factors. In this

techniques company have to contribute their profit some percentage for improvements of social,
environmental and economic factors. Corus contribute in CSR activity just because firm impact
the environment of country. CSR activity also affect the decision-making system of managers
and leader. Manager and leaders can design CSR initiative for waste reductions, sustainable
environment, so that they with efficient working, help the organization to grow at global level.
Management of Corus firm also understood the current conditions of environment and society,
then design policies for improvements of environment(Nonogaki, NEC Corp, 2016).
CONCLUSION
From the above study it states that the leader and mangers plays a vital role in the growth
of the organization. The efficient coordination of managers and leaders helps the company to
attain the huge growth and satisfy the customers with the high quality products along with the
efficient use of the resources. Effective management approaches helps the company to avail
through the needs and demands of the customers and perform the task on time. Organization can
hinder all growth opportunities with the effective guidance and monitoring of the procedures and
implementing the plans in such way that helps the company to sustain huge profit margins and
avail a long term growth.

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