Construction Information: Drawing, Detailing, Specification

This document provides information about different types of construction information, including drawing, detailing, and specification. It discusses the evaluation of construction information in diverse project types and the development of construction drawings, details, schedules, and specifications. It also explores the interpretation of construction information and the ways in which construction professionals collaborate in the production of construction information.

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6 Construction Information (Drawing, Detailing, Specification)
Construction Information Production
April 22, 2019
1000 words
Name
University

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LO1 Evaluate different types of construction information in the context of diverse project
types.
TASK 1
Construction can be a complex industry usually in its demand of appropriate management and
clarity of communication to all concerned parties and stakeholders, especially if successful
delivery of a project is intended. Documents need to be filed consistently and appropriately as
progress in the implementation of the project is tracked. These documents should help to address
all aspects of a project as captured in the design phase. The office block constructed in Southern
England close to Heathrow airport, constituting five storey office block helps in description of a
typical construction project as it applies different information type.
The information captured includes; site location, design drawings, details of the client in terms of
his or her contacts and needs for example, number of floors, specific spaces, size of the project
zones, kind of material and construction method preferred, costs and project schedule detailing
construction stages against timelines.
The approach taken in this project entails preparation of site plan, plans for the floors, elevations,
details, sections, schedules for the doors and windows, bill of quantities and a work schedule.
The design software for all the drawings will be AutoCAD. Provisions in the building will cater
for meeting rooms and office rooms as specified with supporting services like the ablution block.
The location of the office block will be in an industrial park southern England near Heathrow
airport and have an egress access facing London road. Material for the construction of the office
block will combine concrete, steel and glass facades. The design drawings communicate
differently as follows;

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 The site plan communicates site accessibility, the infrastructure and services existing on
site, building orientation with regards to access by pedestrians and vehicles.
 The floor plans communicate space arrangement within walls of the building and inter-
relation of the spaces.
 The elevation should help interpret the building facades when it’s all done by identifying
windows positions as well as other fenestrations.
 The sections are meant to give details of the construction materials as well as the
foundation type applied in the construction.
 Detail drawings specify components of the building like the joinery of the building
elements towards forming a complete structure.
 Doors and windows schedule communicates the quantity and kind of doors together
with windows in the building, specifying their zone location, orientation and sizes.
 Bill of quantities outline provides listed quantities and amounts of building materials
used in the project right from the foundation to roofing and finishes on the building.
 Schedule of works communicates the duration the project will take by allocating
timelines of the day per task to cab delays and cost overrun (Banerjee, et al., 2017).
Different types of construction information are suitable in different contexts. The site plan
gives the site location and how the workers and the contractor can access the site while the floor
plan are used in commencement of the site work to give direction on measurements and the
building layout. The elevations are suitable when the building facades are almost don just to
compare whether it’s a replica of the architects idea while the section mainly gives the contractor
something to work with in terms of the material and details specific to the design model.

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LO2 Develop construction drawings, details, schedules and specifications in support of a
given construction project.
Task 2
Set of general arrangement drawing
Site Plan

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Plans
Elevations

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Section
Details

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Door and window schedule

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Schedule of works.
Site clearance
Boundary fencing
Removal of anthills
Site levelling
Oversite excavation
Trench excavation
Plunking and strutting
Keeping excavations free from water and fallen materials
Placement of formwork
Placing concrete to footing
Placement of brick walling
Backfilling
Removal of excavated materials from the site
Hardcore filling
Sand blinding
Placement of Dpm,Dpc and Insulation material
Placement of mesh fabric
Placement of concrete to floor slab
1-Mar-18
31-Mar-18
30-Apr-18
30-May-18
29-Jun-18

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The aforementioned floor plan dimensions will aid in establishing the foundation plan for the
building. The contractor is further made aware by the bill of quantities outline amount and
quantities of materials required.
LO3 Interpret different types of construction information in order to explain a
construction project
Task 3
The site plan is important to the architect as it shows the working area and possibilities to
manipulate the site while maintaining its context. The architect can tell the north position which
is a requirement for building orientation. Under consideration is the road reserve which usually
in the United Kingdom is around six meters (Dosumu & Iyagba, 2013). The walling dimensions
as well as the openings and specified sizes can be determined from the floor plans. The
arrangements of the building façade are indicated by the elevations where wall colors are painted
to specification.
Separate operations of the construction team can easily lead to mistakes which introduce
errors during production or interpretation of the design (Hardin & McCool, 2015). A common
mistake is having designs that are incomplete which interfere with the order of events on site. In
addition to this, some other errors that may stand out include omission of crucial details like
window and door details or roof details as deemed to be completed later in the work schedule

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(Eastman, et al., 2009). Failure to update the drawing in time will cause a problem with clashes
occurring where drawings are not in sync. Such a case would be when structural details are not
coincident with the ductwork details. In such an event, there would be a clash involving maybe
ventilation ducts chasing through beams or insufficient provision of space for installation works
(Hardin & McCool, 2015). As a way to avoid such like problems, the construction team should
constantly update the drawings to suit coordination.
The challenge arising with the bill of quantities may either be a cost overrun or underrun
especially where definition of specific elements lack in detail, hence a provisional sum to offset
such costs (Porwal, 2013). The prime cost can at times be out of control with unforeseen
inflation of costs of material and labor.
LO4 Assess ways in which construction professionals collaborate in the production of
construction information.
Task 4.
Professionals in the construction industry include; the project manager, architect, civil engineer,
mechanical engineer, quantity surveyor, electrical engineer and sub-contractors. The role of the
architect is to produce design drawings. The electrical system information is structured by an
electrical engineer. The electrical design information is relevant to the workers for proper
connection of the building appropriate power sources (Kim, 2011). The mechanical engineer is

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concerned with plumbing works and will therefore detail the arrangement. Structural details of
beams and columns in terms of loadings that they can withstand are all determined by the
structural engineer (Lu & Korman, 2010). Coordination of engineers and architect is necessary to
avert problems arising in the implementation of the project. The communication gap can be
reduced by making use of CAD and BIM to foster information sharing and properly
communicate the design drawings. This way project management can be improved to achieve
desired speed and ease (Porwal, 2013).

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References
Banerjee, P., Choudhary, S., Das, S., Majumder, H., Mukkamala, S., Roy, R. and Chaudhuri,
B.B., 2017, November. A system for creating automatic navigation among architectural
and construction documents. In 2017 14th IAPR International Conference on Document
Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR) (Vol. 1, pp. 677-682). IEEE.
Eastman, C.M., Jeong, Y.S., Sacks, R. and Kaner, I., 2009. Exchange model and exchange object
concepts for implementation of national BIM standards. Journal of Computing in Civil
Engineering, 24(1), pp.25-34.
Dosumu, O.S. and Iyagba, R.A., 2013. An analysis of the factors responsible for errors in
nigerian construction document. Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and
Management, 6(1), pp.49-57.
Hardin, B. and McCool, D., 2015. BIM and construction management: proven tools, methods,
and workflows. John Wiley & Sons.
Kim, J.L., 2011. Use of BIM for effective visualization teaching approach in construction
education. Journal of professional issues in engineering education and practice, 138(3),
pp.214-223.
Lu, N. and Korman, T., 2010, May. Implementation of building information modeling (BIM) in
modular construction: Benefits and challenges. In Construction research congress (Vol.
1, pp. 136-1145).
Porwal, A. and Hewage, K.N., 2013. Building Information Modeling (BIM) partnering
framework for public construction projects. Automation in construction, 31, pp.204-214.

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