Cross Border or Global Organisations and Administrations

This study explores the political, social, ethical, and operational needs for common strategy in cross border or global organisations and administrations. It discusses the methodologies for strategy development and identifies opportunities for future development. The study also examines the concept of collective strategy and its formation from the policies of organisations, administrations, and key stakeholders. Additionally, it explores the key policy and strategy issues that influence strategy and how strategy is influenced by factors such as politics, global trends, public interest, media impact, and social, cultural, and religious factors in the modern context.

CROSS BORDER OR GLOBAL ORGANISATIONS AND
ADMINISTRATIONS
Student Name
University
Date
0

Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................2
Question 1..................................................................................................................................2
(a) Critical analysis of the political, social, ethical and operational needs for common strategy
in cross border or global organisations and administrations......................................................2
(b) Identification of the methodologies by which strategy is evolved and developed for cross
border or global organisations to enable external collaboration on a national and international
basis............................................................................................................................................3
(c) Critical identification of the opportunities for the future development of strategy so as to
enhance the impact on the component organisations, administrations and key stakeholders....4
Question 2..................................................................................................................................4
(a) Critical discussion of what collective strategy is and how it is formed from the policies of
the organisations, administrations and key stakeholders...........................................................4
(b) Identify with critical commentary upon the key policy and strategy issues that influence
strategy.......................................................................................................................................5
(c) Explicate how strategy is influenced by the reality of factors including political, global,
public interest, media impact, and social, cultural and religious in the modern context...........6
Question 3..................................................................................................................................7
(a) Critically assess how to resolve tensions between cultures and ethics of contributing........7
(b) Critically evaluate how strategic intelligence is used in the development and formulation
of strategy...................................................................................................................................8
(c) Contribute original thinking to the formulation and development of strategy.....................9
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................9
References................................................................................................................................10
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Introduction
Cross border or global organisations can be seen to function all across the landscape of the
world. Cross border organisations can be seen to function in the light of various different
countries and under various different situations of the market. This study seeks to take the
case of Amazon and understand the various problems that are faced by the organisation in the
global market. The study also seeks to understand the various different methods with which
effective strategies for collaboration are derived and this helps in understanding the basics of
cross border management. It can also be viewed that the study seeks to understand the
concepts of cross cultural management and effectively. It further seeks to critically evaluate
strategies and develop an original one.
Question 1
(a) Critical analysis of the political, social, ethical and operational needs for common
strategy in cross border or global organisations and administrations.
Global Organisations and factors
In the case of Global organisations or cross border organisations it can be understood that
there are various different factors involved in the light of the environment which the
organisations face. According to Bracken et al. (2016), there are essentially three major
factors in the context of the business of an organisation which are the political, social and the
ethical factors surrounding the company. In the case of Amazon, it can be viewed that it
functions in a host of different countries primarily India and the UK. It can be understood
from this that the company of Amazon needs to develop its policies in a way which adheres
to the political scenario of both the countries. In the light of the UK, it can be understood that
Amazon has proper policies of maintaining transparency because of the government rules and
regulations, whereas in India it focuses on customer service due to governmental measures
and the consumer forum (Mamber, 2016).
Amazon and surrounding Factors
In the context of global organisations it can also be understood that different regions have
different social cultures and views pertaining to the services of companies. In this context
Amazon has kept in mind that for India customer service matters the most and thus it
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effectively bases its policies around effective customer satisfaction. Ethics is also interrelated
with the social sphere of the business and it can be understood that business in the context of
the organisation the ethics which are followed by the company largely depend upon the
environment that the company functions in (Davies, 2019). In the light of Amazon it can be
understood that in both the countries it pays major focus to transparency.
(b) Identification of the methodologies by which strategy is evolved and developed for
cross border or global organisations to enable external collaboration on a national and
international basis.
Strategy Development
Strategy development is a very important aspect in the context of the global organisations. It
can be understood that developing effective strategies helps in formulating plans properly and
in accordance to the scenario of the country. According to Kickbusch et al. (2017), it can also
be viewed that strategy formulation helps a company in gaining a competitive advantage in
the terms of the market and effectively helps them in order to gain market shares as compared
to their competitors. In the light of strategy development it can be understood that there are a
few important steps. The primary step of strategy formulation is to understand the current
scenario of the economy that the business is functioning in and effectively conducting a
market study in order to understand the consumer and the market dynamics of the industry.
Once these are understood the companies such as Amazon may look into the various different
areas where there is scope for business development and they must effectively capitalise on
such areas of development (Hanegraaff et al. 2016). After the identification of appropriate
areas of development it can be understood that the companies need to set effective objectives
in order to achieve their goals in the context of the country. After objective development the
organisations must focus on creating a proper plan of communication in order to effectively
and efficiently carry out the plan that has been set up by the organisation.
Use of Strategies
By using these strategies effectively the companies may seek out companies in the context of
the industry with similar form working patterns and styles and may effectively collaborate in
order to compete in the market. It can be understood that collaboration is extremely necessary
in the light of a saturated market and it gives an entry to the new company in the light of such
scenarios (Waddell, 2017).
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(c) Critical identification of the opportunities for the future development of strategy so
as to enhance the impact on the component organisations, administrations and key
stakeholders
Amazon Strategy Requirement
In the light of the organization of Amazon it can be understood that the company essentially
needs to strategize in the context of future scope for the improvement of its global business. It
can be understood that in the context of the company the policies of market development
must be effectively paid attention. According to Bhutta et al. (2017), the supply chain
regulations are also being regulated more tightly in the context of the countries that Amazon
functions in and it effectively need to integrate systems of lean management in its supply
chain in order to sustain itself in the industry. In the case of Amazon it can be viewed that by
integrating supply chain systems into the context of the company the costs of the company
will be reduced in the lead time which is taken in delivery is lower.
Benefits of Amazon Components, Administration and Stakeholders
In the context of this development it can be viewed that Amazon upon implementing the
policies of lean management can offer benefits to the components in its organization and the
stakeholders effectively. It can be understood that the system reduces the costs of the
organisation and ensures the removal of waste princesses (Noe et al. 2017). This ensures that
the costs of the company will come down and it will yield more profits. The company will
also need to change its processes less frequently as they will be self sustainable in nature. To
the stakeholders the lower costs will benefit them highly and the company profits which rise
will be beneficial to the shareholders of the company. The company can also derive
administrative benefits as the reduction in the number of the processes helps in the ease of
management in the context of the company and this helps the administration in order to
effectively and efficiently maintains the workflow of the company (Jayaram, 2016).
Question 2
(a) Critical discussion of what collective strategy is and how it is formed from the
policies of the organisations, administrations and key stakeholders
What is collective strategy?
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In the light of organisations in the global horizon it can be understood that there is high
competition amongst the organisations which are present. According to Dixit and Skeath
(2015), they face competition from local markets as well as from international players in the
same industry. In the light of this all the global organisations need to face heavy competition
and thus the concept of collected strategy was derived. In the context of the organisations of
the globe it can be understood that so much competition is difficult to handle and because of
this reason they developed a strategy in which their interdependence on each other remained
but in terms of co-dependency instead of competition. Collective strategy refers to the
integration of the processes and functions of competitors in order to cater to the market and
effectively compete against external organisations.
How is collective strategy affected by stakeholders, administration and organizations?
In the light of collective strategy it can be understood that the administration of the company
that has adopted it plays a major role as it is the main factor which decides whether or not it is
beneficial to adopt the same. In the light of the collective strategy it can be viewed that the
administration initially looks at the various different problems in the light of the industry and
then compares the policies of its own organization with the organization that is the prospect
for collaboration before making a decision. It may also be understood that the stakeholders in
the light of the country effectively and efficiently affect the business. In the case of the
customers it can be seen that the brand loyalty of customers plays a huge role in the light of
the organisational collective strategy (Couzin, 2018). The customers of one brand may start
buying another brand upon the adoption of collective responsibility as the goodwill is high. In
the case of the agents of an organisation it can also be understood that there are various
different agents who are loyal to companies. In the light of collective strategy the companies
can access the agents of their competitors in order to effectively and efficiently ensure the
proper flow of the business in the market.
(b) Identify with critical commentary upon the key policy and strategy issues that
influence strategy
Strategy is the base for the development of an organisation. In the case of Amazon too,
strategic planning and execution are important but there are several factors and aspects that
affect the strategy of Amazon.
Change in Structural management
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The primary factor that affects Amazon is the change in the executive management of the
organisation. There have been several changes in the executive levels such as the exit of the
chief executive officer and others. Diego Piacenetini was a senior executive at the
organisation, left Amazon. This led to a great disruption in the organisation. This move
shocked the organisation as he was the second senior most leaders that had left the
organisation (cnbc.com, 2018).
The leaving of senior leader leads to less reviewing of ideas with more experienced
personnel.
Amazon has made structural changes several times in the organisation that have led to several
misconceptions and strategically changes in the organisation. These steps in the organisation
have led to several problems for the employees as they needed to get ready for the change
every time. The market of today is changing rapidly and the organisations need to adapt to
the changes. The change according to the market helps in gaining a competitive advantage
but this also changes the strategies that Amazon has prepared for.
Technological Differences and trends
According to KamińskiandSzufel (2015), there have been situations where Amazon was
lacking certain technological capabilities such as acquiring new resources, lack of automation
and others which may require the organisations to change their production volumes and
adjust their supply chain functions. There may also be certain e-commerce changes and
trends that have hit the market and needs to be implemented by the organisation (Daft, 2015).
These technological trends have led the organisation to adopt certain changes and these
changes lead to a change in the strategy of the organisation.
(c) Explicate how strategy is influenced by the reality of factors including political,
global, public interest, media impact, and social, cultural and religious in the modern
context
The politics of a country is significant for an organisation as there are several changes that
occur within an organisation that can change the phase of the organisation. According to
Baylis et al. (2017), the unstable politics and Brexit issues of politics have been seen to
decrease the market of several organisations which includes Amazon. The spending power of
the people is greatly reduced by these political issues which affect the sales of Amazon.
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Amazon is a global organisation that operates widely. In the context of Amazon, the global
public interest plays a vital role as this builds the brand image of the organisation. Amazon
has been trying to build its brand image by serving and acting in the welfare of the people by
taking up several programs and initiatives that support and promote the well-being of the
individuals in which it operates. This has led to increasing in the brand image of Amazon and
has resulted in an increase in the customer base of the organisation.
Media has been observed as the greatest influence of the market and cause deviations in the
market. Fuchs (2017) stated that Amazon has been seen to influence the market by exploiting
social media. Amazon has made good use of social media marketing through promotions and
by building the trust among the customers by considering their reviews that have attracted a
lot of traffic to the website and created a large customer base for the organisation. The great
customer engagement on its platform has led to an increase in the sales of Amazon through
its social media activeness.
The social factors that affect Amazon are the social causes and community-driven causes that
the industry engages in. These causes greatly affect the market of Amazon. Amazon has been
seen to take several initiatives which are for social upliftment Amazon has been seen to hold
a meeting and conference that emphasises on the importance of social causes and the ways it
can improve the social causes. According to Tuten and Solomon (2017), the meeting has
addressed labour rights, work laws, environmental practices and others. The concern of
Amazon regarding these factors has led to an increase in the customer base of the
organisation. Amazon has also shown several videos and presentations where it is working to
uplift the living conditions of several countries such as Seattle and engaged in an employee
retraining program. These have led to an increase in the customer base of the organisation
and attracting positive reviews from the people.
Question 3
(a) Critically assess how to resolve tensions between cultures and ethics of contributing
Organisations, administrations and key stakeholders
Amazon operates on cross-border platforms and countries where the ethics and the culture of
the people change. There are several ways through which the conflicts of the cross-culture
can be resolved. The first step involved in resolving the conflict is to understand the culture
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and ethics of the place where an organisation is operating. Trevino and Nelson (2016) stated
that the practices and training programs are conducted which helps to get a better
understanding of the conflicts. The differences in cultures that can lead to conflicts need to
be analysed and steps are taken to acknowledge these differences. The power differences
between the cultures need to be broken down so that every culture feels equally important.
Mediation between the clients is started that leads to the resolution of the conflicts. There
may be several situations where the conflicts between the stakeholders can occur. In these
situations, the stakeholder's issues must be listened to with great attention so that they do not
feel neglected (Doherty et al. 2014). A meeting is called in which the stakeholders are
provided with an opportunity to provide their views by which the conflict can be resolved.
Then a common ground of benefit is found that can work in each stakeholder benefit from the
business purview. This would lead to a resolution of the conflict in stakeholder’s case.
(b) Critically evaluate how strategic intelligence is used in the development and
formulation of strategy
The organisation and businesses are using strategic intelligence to formulate and develop
certain strategies. The strategic and business intelligence highly strengthens the efficiency
and efficacy of the organisation Strategic intelligence in an organisation helps in collecting
much information regarding market. According to Ansoff et al. (2018), organisations can
generate knowledge and make decisions better. Organisational intelligence can help
organisations to improve a wide range of skills and communications with the organisations.
The main characteristics of business intelligence include organisational learning and smart
processing. The dynamic procedure helps the organisations to gain new knowledge
regarding the competitive organisations which can help the organisation to create better
strategies for their survival. The procedure helps in increasing and improving the internal
processes and the exterior acquiescence’s of the organisation.
Smart is a difficult procedure that encompasses the analysis, investigation and assistance of
several decisions that merges into one decision. The strategic intelligence comprises of the
data sources, which is the external database of the organisation. The other inclusion in
strategic intelligence is the data mart that contains a description of all the data and the areas
where it can be used. Strategic intelligence is significant as it helps in integrating different
sources of data into one which helps in predicting the shortcomings and future changes that
can occur in the organisation (Aghazadeh, 2015). These predictions assist in understanding
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the changes that may happen in the organisation and the organisation's plans according to
these changes that improve the strategy.
(c) Contribute original thinking to the formulation and development of strategy
The development of the strategy involves numerous components that the managers and
leaders of the organisation need to focus on while developing the planning. The first step is
the internal assessment of the organisation's strengths and weaknesses. This phase of the
procedure for strategic planning requires original thinking by the leaders and the managers so
that the important points are only considered and the rest of them are discarded. The vision is
created by the leader of the organisation by analysing the competitive market and the changes
that need to be done to enhance the market of the organisation (Morecroft, 2015). This step
requires original and raw thinking by the leader so that a vision can be created that can lead to
organisations advancement. The levels of strategy that would be incorporated also require
original thinking by the leaders so that the strategy can lead to the growth of the organisation.
Conclusion
Several aspects such as global, political, and economic and others affect the strategy of the
organisation. A change in the market trends can also lead to a change in the strategy of the
organisation. Amazon is being affected by several factors as it works on a cross-cultural
platform. The strategies that are used by the organisation also help in the formulation of the
business and growth of its customer base. Amazon has been using a mix of several strategies
that have helped the organisation to grow. The organisation needs to develop certain
strategies that would enhance the growth of the organisation. The lean management policy
has been implemented in Amazon that has led to the growth of the organisation. There is a
highly competitive market in the industry and strategic intelligence is needed to improve the
strategy.
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