CSR In The Delta Niger Region Thesis 2022

Running head: CSR IN THE DELTA NIGER REGION
CSR IN THE DELTA NIGER REGION
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

CSR IN THE DELTA NIGER REGION1
Acknowledgements
I would first like to thank my thesis advisor [title] [Name Surname] of the [School / Faculty
name] at [University name]. The door to Prof. [Last name] office was always open whenever I
ran into a trouble spot or had a question about my research or writing. He/She consistently
allowed this paper to be my own work, but steered me in the right the direction whenever he
thought I needed it.
I would also like to thank the experts who were involved in the validation survey for this
research project: [List professional Titles, Name and Surnames of the experts who
participated/contributed]. Without their passionate participation and input, the validation survey
could not have been successfully conducted.
I would also like to acknowledge [title] [Name Surname] of the [School / Faculty name] at
[University name] as the second reader of this thesis, and I am gratefully indebted to his/her for
his/her very valuable comments on this thesis.

CSR IN THE DELTA NIGER REGION2
Executive Summary
The corporate social responsibility forms an essential part of any organizations overall corporate
strategy. The firm functions in the society with an aim to ensure that, it is successfully being able
to meet with the different needs of the stakeholders. The focus of the chapter is on the Niger
Delta region. There are various oil companies situated in Nigeria and in relation to this, it
becomes critically important for these companies to undertake adequate initiatives regarding the
society. The primary focus of this dissertation is to highlight the overall importance of the
corporate social responsibility as a whole and examine what drives these activities. The
dissertation follows a comprehensive format whereby various aspects like Introduction,
Literature review and the Research Methodology provide the background of the paper.
Moreover, the Data analysis and Findings chapter discuss the impact of drivers to CSR on the
actual effectiveness of the programs. Certain recommendations have also been provided.

CSR IN THE DELTA NIGER REGION3
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................6
Overview......................................................................................................................................6
Background of research...............................................................................................................6
Problem statement.......................................................................................................................7
Research aim................................................................................................................................7
Research Objectives.....................................................................................................................7
Research Question.......................................................................................................................8
Hypothesis...................................................................................................................................8
Significance of research...............................................................................................................8
Structure of the Study..................................................................................................................9
LITERATURE REVIEW..............................................................................................................10
Overview....................................................................................................................................10
Concept of Corporate social responsibility................................................................................10
Drivers of the corporate social responsibility in Niger Delta....................................................11
The problematic nature of the organizations.............................................................................15
Critique of the Stakeholder and Shareholder Theory................................................................16
Effectiveness of CSR in the Niger Delta region........................................................................17
Factors influencing the effectiveness of CSR activities............................................................18
Research Gap.............................................................................................................................19
Summary....................................................................................................................................20
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY..................................................................................................21
Overview....................................................................................................................................21
Research Outline........................................................................................................................21

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Research Philosophy..................................................................................................................21
Justification of the research philosophy................................................................................21
Research Approach....................................................................................................................21
Justification of the research approach....................................................................................22
Research Design........................................................................................................................22
Justification for the research design......................................................................................22
Research Strategy......................................................................................................................22
Justification for the research Strategy....................................................................................23
Sampling technique...................................................................................................................23
Justification for the Sampling technique...............................................................................23
Data collection...........................................................................................................................23
Justification for the Data collection method..........................................................................24
Data analysis..............................................................................................................................24
Justification for the Data analysis..........................................................................................24
Research ethics, Accessibility and Reliability issues................................................................24
Summary....................................................................................................................................25
DATA GATHERING AND ANALYSIS.....................................................................................26
Overview....................................................................................................................................26
Descriptive Statistics.................................................................................................................26
Inferential Statistics...................................................................................................................33
Hypothesis testing......................................................................................................................37
Summary....................................................................................................................................38
RESEARCH FINDINGS AND INTERPRETATIONS OF THE RESULTS...............................39
Findings.....................................................................................................................................39
Discussion..................................................................................................................................39

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RECOMMENDATIONS...............................................................................................................41
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................42
LIMITATIONS OF THE RESEARCH.........................................................................................43
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................44
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................49
Questionnaire.............................................................................................................................49

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INTRODUCTION
Overview
The corporate social responsibility can be essentially described as a self-regulating business
model which tends to contribute towards making a specific study accountable. In line with this,
the business not only owes a considerable responsibility to the different shareholders of the
businesses but instead holds a corporate responsibility towards the different members of the
society as well (Aaron 2012). In line with this, it lays the duty of the large corporations to engage
in an association with the public because of the exploitation which they cause to the different
members of the society. In regard to this, the companies need to be conscious of the kind of
damage they cause to the society especially to the social, environmental and the economic
aspects of the society. Hence, in regard of this, it is integral that, all organizations get involved in
corporate social responsibility aspects and are able to give it back to the society. The aim of the
paper is to outline the overall drivers of CSR in the Nile Delta region, understand the concept of
CSR and in a manner similar to this, assess the effectiveness of the drivers of CSR in the
Nigerian region.
Background of research
The Niger Delta is often referred to as the delta of the Niger River which is located upon
the Gulf of Guinea on the Atlantic Ocean in Nigeria. The delta is a densely populated region
which is also known as the Oil rivers because it is a major producer of the palm oil. In addition
to this, this area is seen as a petroleum rich region. The area of the Niger Delta was under the
British Oil rivers and seen as a rich region from 1885 to 1893. In line with this, the area has
turned out to be the biggest manufacturer of petroleum in the country which sells other oils as
identified in the delta as well (Dandago and Arugu 2014). In addition to this, the natural gas of
the oil wells were burnt which then contributed to the environmental problems. For this reason, a
number of private as well as the public companies are getting involved in the engagement of
social obligations which are being undertaken in the form of the corporate social responsibility
activities. The Niger delta is known to have been producing an important portion of the
aggregate wealth in Nigeria and as a result, the entire area has undergone various issues to the
environment and the crumbling infrastructure as well as the related services like the social

CSR IN THE DELTA NIGER REGION7
deprivation, the unemployment, heavy poverty as well as the disputes related to endemics.
Hence, this thereby places the responsibility of engaging in various social responsibility
activities on the different companies in the delta region. They are required to provide advantages
such as generating employment at the local level, developing the infrastructural opportunities for
the residents, developing schools and enhancing the overall health care and related delivery
(Enuoh and Eneh 2015). Therefore, in relation to this the objective of this project lies in
understanding the concept of corporate social responsibility and examining the ways in which
various companies in the region have been managing the overall concept of the oil exploration
along with have a positive influence on the society. In addition to this, it has to be understood
that previously, this concept was taken as a non-obligatory aspect whereby there was no law
present in this regard. However, to discuss further, the paper aims to highlight the need of the
CSR activities in a country like Nigeria and analyse the problems being faced by common people
in the region.
Problem statement
The country Nigeria has been devoid of any such regulations which are based on ensuring
that the corporate social responsibility is understood to be a crucial aspect of the various business
aspects. Therefore, in relation to this, the study aims to solve the problem of finding the drivers
of the corporate social responsibility in the Delta Region. In line of this, it is also crucial to
understand how these drivers influence the companies to undertake the CSR activities and the
manner in which the different CSR activities can be carried out successfully.
Research aim
The aim of the research is to find “Effectiveness of Corporate Responsibility and its
main drivers: A critical analysis of Niger Delta Area in Nigeria”. This aim will be fulfilled by
finding a relationship between the different drivers to the corporate responsibility and the overall
effectiveness of the activities.
Research Objectives
The primary objectives of the research can be understood to be as follows:
 To identify what drives CSR in Niger Delta. To analyse the concept of CSR