How do cultural values influence entrepreneurial behaviour of nations? A behavioural reasoning approach

This report explores the role of cultural values in the formation of reasoning behind entrepreneurial behaviour. It covers key concepts, theoretical frameworks, methodology, data analysis, and findings. The research article used quantitative research method and secondary datasets to analyse data for the research. The result of the research is that the exception of Institutional collectivism, all the GlOBE’s cultural dimensions affect the cognitive explanations behind the entrepreneurial intentions in different countries.

Researching Business
and Management A1

Contents
Contents...........................................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................1
PART A: SUMMARY OF KEY POINTS......................................................................................1
The topic, aims, objectives and research questions.....................................................................1
Background literature: Key concepts and theoretical frameworks..............................................2
Methodology: what methodological approaches were used?......................................................2
Data analysis and findings: how was data and how do findings relate to the research questions
and background literature?..........................................................................................................3
Theoretical and practical implications.........................................................................................3
PART B: COMMENTARY............................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
Entrepreneurial behaviour is described as collection of different behaviour that an
individual show that allow them to innovate and/or improve upon existent ideas in order to
promote a product or service effectively in a competitive market (Querejazu Vidovic, 2020).
Culture of a nation provide significant impact on developing entrepreneurial behaviour. Friends
and family play a strong role as source for developing entrepreneurial behaviour. The moral
financial support provided by them help entrepreneur to take risks as well as inculcate new ideas
in their business. The article selected to conduct this report is How do cultural values influence
entrepreneurial behaviour of nations? A behavioural reasoning approach. The report has 2 two
parts that are summary of key points and commentary.
MAIN BODY
Article: How do cultural values influence entrepreneurial behaviour of nations? A
behavioural reasoning approach. (Calza, Cannavale and Nadali, 2020)
PART A: SUMMARY OF KEY POINTS
The topic, aims, objectives and research questions
Research topic: The role cultural values play in formation of the reasoning behind
entrepreneurial behaviour.
Research aim: To analyse the role cultural values play in formation of the reasoning behind
entrepreneurial behaviour.
Research objectives:
 To understand the concept of entrepreneurial behaviour and cultural values.
 To identify the different cultural dimensions that affect the entrepreneurial behaviour of
an entrepreneur.
 To analyse the role cultural values play in formation of the reasoning behind
entrepreneurial behaviour.
 To examine how to cultural values affect entrepreneurial cognitions and behaviour
(including reasons, intentions and entrepreneurial activity) at country level.
Research questions:
 How to cultural values affect entrepreneurial cognitions and behaviour (including
reasons, intentions and entrepreneurial activity) at country level?
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Background literature: Key concepts and theoretical frameworks
Entrepreneurial cognition research stream
According to this research article, entrepreneur are those individuals that have certain
specific traits and characteristics. The article emphasizes that there only some person who enjoy
such characteristics (Mishra, Das and Dixit, 2021). The research believed that the expansion of
entrepreneurial activity is fully depends on both entrepreneurial climate and prospective
entrepreneurs.
Behavioural reasoning theory
As per this article behavioural reasoning theory is a relatively a new theory which helps
in determining linkage between the reasons, beliefs, motives, intentions and behaviour.
Cultural values
This research article analysed that the cultural values are the core principles and ideals
upon which an entire community exists. It also analysed that there are different cultural
dimensions that affect the entrepreneurial behaviour (Lopez and Alvarez, 2019). It involves
uncertainty avoidance, future orientation, power distance, institutional collectivism, in-group
collectivism, human orientation, performance, orientation, gender egalitarianism and
assertiveness.
Methodology: what methodological approaches were used?
In this research article quantitative research method was used by the researcher as it helps
in collecting numerical information (Morgan, 2018). The important data for the analysis of this
research were taken from the secondary datasets of GLOBE and GEM about the cultural values
as well as about the entrepreneurship also. The researcher used survey research strategy to
relevant and reliable data related to the topic. The data and variables were taken out from the
GLOBE project as well as the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) was used to conduct
multiple regression analysis spanning from 2007 to 2017 for 50 countries.
Data analysis and findings: how was data and how do findings relate to the research questions
and background literature?
In this research articles, the result obtained by analysing data and values through multiple
linear regressions showed that only two cultural values provide significant impact on both reason
against EI at similar time that are performance orientation and gender egalitarianism. The
findings of the current research show that the all the dimensions of cultural values affect both
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reason for and reason against entrepreneurship (Thomas and Antony, 2020). The regression
analysis of the research indicated that the reason for as well as reason against entrepreneurship
provide both positive and negative impact on EI along with this it confirms the application of the
behavioural reasoning theory in entrepreneurship. This research article described that the
performance orientation and gender egalitarian provide strongest impacts on the reasoning
process as they impact both on the reason for and the reason against entrepreneurship.
Theoretical and practical implications
Theoretical implication of this research articles showed that the if the cultural values
provide the positive impact on the entrepreneurial behaviour that help entrepreneurs to control
every possible variable by measuring and understanding all the risk areas like market,
competitors, operational and many more (Darmanto and Yuliari, 2018). Practical implication of
this research articles showed that positive impact of cultural values on entrepreneurial behaviour
help society and nation to developed.
PART B: COMMENTARY
Why is this topic attracting research interest?
This research topic is attracting research interest because it analyses the role cultural
values play in formation of the reasoning behind entrepreneurial behaviour. The research
indicated that the entrepreneur who exhibit entrepreneurial behaviour are effective experts in
mapping systemic risk as well as reducing it whenever possible (Su, 2019)
. Entrepreneurial behaviour is also important for the country and nation as it help in increasing
economic growth.
What main issues seem to be of interest within it?
The main issue seemed in this research article is as there are many cultural dimensions
that provide negative impact on entrepreneurial behaviour. This negative impact affect
entrepreneur to operate their business properly as well as innovate and improve their existing
ideas to promote their product and service properly in competitive market.
What schools of thoughts seem to prevail?
The schools of thoughts of seem to prevail in this research articles are that the cultural
values play a very significant role in developing entrepreneurial behaviour (Rahayuningtyas, and
Yadisaputra, 2018). The application of behavioural reasoning theory helps in providing proper
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knowledge about the relationship in between the values and entrepreneurship. It also provides
new insight about the controversial effects of other cultural values.
What is the topic’s importance to academics or practitioners?
This research topic is most important for the practitioners as it help in gaining the
knowledge regarding the cultural values and entrepreneurial value. It helps researcher to gain
knowledge regarding the different cultural dimensions that affect the entrepreneurial behaviour.
The practitioners can also gain knowledge regarding theory which is used in analysing the
impact of cultural values on entrepreneurial behaviour (Bhat and Singh, 2018). These knowledge
helps practitioners to make their professional career more effective.
What methodological approaches do researchers favour?
The methodological approaches in which the researchers favour in this research is
quantitative research method in order to collect numerical information (Hackett, 2018). It helps
researcher to collect data from the larger sample. It also helps researcher to interpret data as well
as present those findings that are straightforward as well as subjectivity and less open to error.
What data analysis techniques were used?
A multiple regression analysis techniques were used in this research articles as it allows
researcher to assess the strengths of the relationship in between in dependent variables along
with the several predictor variables (Vaclavik, Sikorova and Barot, 2018).
What are the general limitations of the existing research? To what extent has the existing
understanding of the topic?
The general limitation of the existing research is that it focused only the reason for and
the reason against EI and consequent activities. It was not considered the global norms, motives,
attitudes and perceived control, that are conceptually affected by the reasons. The another
limitation is analysis for linear relationships among the cultural values and reason. Further
limitation is that the article was based on the GEM dataset, that provide one variable that is
corresponded to reason for and another one to reason against for entrepreneurial intention.
Do existing theories support practical applications?
The existing theories in this article supported practical applications. The result of this
article confirmed that the consideration of social psychology theories of behaviour and intention
can be considered as the source for theoretical development of entrepreneurial cognition research
in all over the cultures. The application of these existing theories provides understanding of the
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complex relationship in between the entrepreneurship and culture. It also helps in understanding
the impact of cultural values on the reasoning behind entrepreneurial intentions and
entrepreneurial activity along with the which cultural value affect entrepreneurship.
What sources should one consult in order to research this topic more?
The another source which is consulted in order to do research this topic more is primary.
By using primary source researcher can get accurate and up-to date data that help in solving
research problem in better manner. This source provides more reliable data as it usually
objectives as well as collected directly from the original source.
CONCLUSION
From the above mentioned report, it has been concluded that entrepreneurial behaviour is
important in reducing risk in the business. There are several cultural dimensions that provide
both negative and positive impact on the development of the entrepreneurial behaviour. The
research is conducted by using quantitative method. Secondary dataset had been used in the
research articles to analyse data for the research. A multiple regression analysis techniques was
used in this research for analysing the data for the research. The result of the research is that the
exception of Institutional collectivism, all the GlOBE’s cultural dimensions affect the cognitive
explanations behind the entrepreneurial intentions in different countries.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals:
Lopez, T. and Alvarez, C., 2019. Influence of university-related factors on students'
entrepreneurial intentions. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Venturing, 11(6),
pp.521-540.
Mishra, B., Das, S. and Dixit, K., 2021. Entrepreneurial behaviour of rural women in Jharsuguda
and Cuttack districts of Odisha.
Querejazu Vidovic, V., 2020. Towards an entrepreneurial behaviour model in Bolivia. Nóesis.
Revista de ciencias sociales, 29(57), pp.1-22.
Thomas, A. and Antony, R.R., 2020. Entrepreneurial Behaviour of Agripreneurs in Agro Food
Parks. Journal of Extension Education.
Darmanto, S. and Yuliari, G., 2018. Mediating role of entrepreneurial self efficacy in developing
entrepreneurial behavior of entrepreneur students. Academy of Entrepreneurship
Journal, 24(1), pp.1-14.
Su, S., 2019. The influence of institutions on the entrepreneurial behaviour of family businesses
in the context of China: A multi-level analysis (Doctoral dissertation, University of
Southampton).
Rahayuningtyas, P. and Yadisaputra, M., 2018. The influence of emotional intelligence and
entrepreneurial behaviour of frontline hotel employees in complaint handling
performance. Journal of Tourism Research & Hospitality, 7(1).
Bhat, I.H. and Singh, S., 2018. Analyzing the moderating effect of entrepreneurship education on
the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Entrepreneurship
Education, 21(1), pp.1-10.
Hackett, P. ed., 2018. Quantitative research methods in consumer psychology: Contemporary
and data driven approaches. Taylor & Francis.
Vaclavik, M., Sikorova, Z. and Barot, T., 2018, September. Particular analysis of normality of
data in applied quantitative research. In Proceedings of the Computational Methods in
Systems and Software (pp. 353-365). Springer, Cham.
Morgan, D.L., 2018. Living within blurry boundaries: The value of distinguishing between
qualitative and quantitative research. Journal of mixed methods research, 12(3), pp.268-
279.
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