Cyber Law Assignment 2022

Running head: CYBER LAW
CYBER LAW
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author’s Note

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Table of Contents
ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................................3
1. Business Formation, Business Model and Business Cycles....................................................4
Business Formation.....................................................................................................................4
Sole Proprietorship..................................................................................................................4
General partnership..................................................................................................................5
Limited partnerships................................................................................................................5
Corporations............................................................................................................................6
Limited Liability Company.....................................................................................................6
Business Model and Cycles.........................................................................................................6
Business to Consumer (B2C)...................................................................................................6
Business to Business (B2B).....................................................................................................7
Consumer to Business (C2B)...................................................................................................7
Consumer to Consumer (C2C)................................................................................................7
2. Intellectual Property: Asset Protection....................................................................................8
Safeguarding personal intellectual property................................................................................9
Violation of the intellectual property of someone else................................................................9
3. Employment Agreements......................................................................................................10
Fixed-term or the open-ended agreements................................................................................10
Trial Period................................................................................................................................11

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Notice Period.............................................................................................................................11
Strong communication skills.....................................................................................................12
Flexibility...................................................................................................................................12
Market awareness......................................................................................................................12
Data loving.................................................................................................................................12
The manager of e-commerce.....................................................................................................13
The business strategist...............................................................................................................13
Channel manager.......................................................................................................................13
Supply chain manager................................................................................................................14
4. Transitional Law....................................................................................................................14
5. The issues of regulatory, compliance and liability................................................................16
Contractual and liability information.........................................................................................16
Data privacy and protection.......................................................................................................16
Fraud management and electronic transaction security.............................................................17
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................17
Reference.......................................................................................................................................19

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ABSTRACT
As commented by Monteiro, Swatman & Tavares, (2013) e-commerce is considered as
the selling or buying activity of the products over internet or through online services. Different
technologies are drawn by the Electronic commerce like the mobile commerce, management of
supply chain, internet marketing, electronic funds transfer, process of online transaction,
inventory management system, system of automated data collection and electronic data
interchange. The World Wide Web is typically used by the modern electronic commerce at least
for the life cycle of the transaction’s one part; however, other technologies like e-mails are also
used it. The typical transaction of e-commerce includes the purchasing of the online books and
music and to the lesser extent personalized or customized online services of liquor store
inventory. As commented by Wienclaw, (2013) generally, three e-commerce areas are there,
which are, online retailing, online auctions and electronic markets. Electronic business supports
the system of e-commerce. According to Brendell et al., (2013) all or some of the following
may be employed by the businesses of e-commerce, like, online shopping for the direct retail
sales to the consumers via mobile apps and web sites; via chatbots, live chat and the voice
assistants; business to business selling and buying; participating in the online marketplaces;
electronic data interchange of business to business nature. Some of the common electronic
commerce business application are controversial commerce, digital wallet, electronic tickets,
supply chain document automation, group buying, enterprise content management, instant
messaging, online banking, newsgroup, online office suites, online shopping, pretail, order
tracking, software of shopping cart, teleconferencing, social networking, payment system of

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international and domestic nature, virtual assistant. This research paper aims at discussing the e-
commerce system’s legal issues of complex nature in the United States. For the purpose of
identifying e-commerce system’s legal issues of complex nature in the United States, the
following things are to be discussed, Business Formation, Business Model and the Business
Cycles, Intellectual property in relation to protection of asset, Agreements of the Employment,
Transitional Law, Compliance Issues, Regulatory Issues and Issues of Liability.
1. Business Formation, Business Model and Business Cycles
In the United States the law of business formation is regulated by the State authorities.
However, most of the business laws of the different states are similar in nature. In addition, few
laws of the federation affect, the consideration of business formation, some of them are,
employment laws, federal tax laws. There are several types of business entities, which are,
Business Formation
Sole Proprietorship
As per Cooper et al., (2016) Sole Proprietorship is a business form in which all of the
business assets are owned by one person in the own name of his or her. Any person who
conducts the business for his or her own need and who runs a business without creating any
separate business organization in a formal way is said to operate a sole proprietorship. Various
small businesses are operated as a sole proprietorship, which includes the professional
consultants and the other services of business. These are the businesses which require minimal
capital amounts. As stated by Pomerleau, (2015) unlike any partnership or corporation the sole
proprietorships are no separate legal entity, and hence, there is no necessity of the legal

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formalities for creating this business form. The sole proprietor needs to report the business
expenses and incomes on the Schedule C on his or her personal federal income tax return. Least
protection is given in the sole proprietorship as the sole proprietor’s liability is generally
unlimited. The personal assets as well as the business assets of the owner of the business can be
claimed by the creditors of the business. Additionally, the sole proprietor’s existing liabilities
would not be extinguished on the sole proprietorship’s sale or dissolution.
General partnership
The general partnerships in a business are considered as the joint business where in the
general partners share the management responsibility, profits and the debts liabilities. In a
general partnership all the general partners are liable for all of the partnership debts. Moreover,
any of the partners alone have the right of binding the partnership based on the contracts. In
short, the general partnership is the collaboration of the two or even more sole proprietors.
Limited partnerships
According to Aaronson & Ariel, (2011) the limited partnerships are considered as the
special partnership type that are the most common at the time of need for business funding, or at
the time of putting together any real estate development investment. An agreement in a written
form between the management of the business is required in a limited partnership. The business
managements are the general partners as well as all the limited partners. Fund investments are
made by each of the limited partners into partnership and are supposed to receive a
predetermined profit share that is generally more than each general partner. The limited
partnerships need to file the name or names and the addresses of all the general partners before