Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus

Diagnosis and Classification
of Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract
In recent years, the rate of diabetes mellitus disease has become enhanced in many folds all over
the world, and the most probable reason behind this disease is the unhealthy lifestyle of the
human population. Though, some people are born with type1 diabetes disease as it comes
inherently from their family members. Aged citizens are more susceptible to Type2 diabetes
worldwide. According to the research, people above the age of 35 are more prone to Type2
diabetes. The region of the North and Middle East of Africa has the highest rate of prevalence of
diabetes in adults. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in enhancing the risks of diabetic
complications. Glucose homeostasis is a process of regulating blood glucose level with the help
of insulin and glucagon hormones along with the help of some hexokinase enzymes and cell
signaling pathway. GLUT transporters are the proteins that enhance glucose regulation by
transporting the glucose molecules inside cells. After entering into the cells, the catabolism
process starts in order to produce ATP molecules as energy sources. Excess glucose molecules
are converted into glycogen polymers and fats inside the liver, muscle, and adipose tissues.
Possibilities of Occurrence of Type2 diabetes is more in people than Type 1. Scientists are
continually trying to evaluate the use of miRNA in regulating the glucose level in order to
prepare therapeutic agents for diabetes. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors,
along with empagliflozin, are widely approved therapy for diabetes.

Table of Contents
Abstract........................................................................................................................ 2
Introduction.................................................................................................................... 4
Discussion..................................................................................................................... 4
Conclusion..................................................................................................................... 7
Hyperlink...................................................................................................................... 8
References..................................................................................................................... 8