Moto skills of age group 0-12 months

This article discusses the reflexes and motor skills development in infants aged 0-12 months. It explores the different reflex actions that occur in newborns and how they change over time. The article also covers the progression of gross and fine motor skills in infants, including milestones such as crawling, walking, and grasping objects.

Running head: EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE
EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE
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EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE
Moto skills of age group 0-12 months
Reflexes are the involuntary movements or activities off a human body (Abu-Sa'da et
al., 2018). Some of these movements are unprompted, which are occurring as a part of a new-
born baby’s usual motion (Salvatori et al., 2015) Reflexes in the body helps to recognize the
normal brain and nerve functionality (Uygur et al., 2017). A new born have some reflex
actions just after they are born such as blinking eyes, sucking, swimming, stepping tonic
neck, rooting (Glodowski, Thompson & Martel, 2019). These reflexes occur to some actions
the infants witness such as closing eyes because of shining bright light in eyes, blow cheek
near the corner of the mouth and the infant will turn towards the source, infants will suck
finger, they paddle if faced down the pool (Uygur et al., 2017). And some of these reflexes
disappear with time but some remain for life time (Abu-Sa'da et al., 2018).
Gross and fine motor skills from 0-12 and 12-24 months of age
Gross motor skills are stated as the accomplishment of an infant by including the
enormous muscles of body, while the fine motor skills is well-defined as the accomplishment
achieved by involving the body’s small muscles (Bedford et al., 2016). The Gross motor and
the fine motor skills in infants of age group of 0- 12 months are holding up their head erectly
and gradually, elating of arm, rolling on the ground from side to side and may be vice versa,
sitting or trying to stand without anyone’s support, swarming, trying to walk with support,
construction of cubes is observed very often in infants of age group 2-12 months (Mughal et
al., 2017). In infants of age 12- 24 months, the gross motor and fine motor skills that are
observed are scrabbling, walking and hopping (LeBarton & Landa, 2019).
0-12 months 12-24 months
Fine motor skills  Grasping things
1. Proselytization – New-
 Scrabbling

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EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE
born
2. Ulnar grasp at the age of
3-4months
3. Moving objects- 4-5
months
4. Gripper grasp- 9 months
 Construction of toy
tower
 Practicing pat- a-cake
(LeBarton & Landa,
2019).
Gross motor skills  Crawling
 Rolling around (Shoaibi
et al., 2019)
 Sitting practice
 Standing all by
themselves
 Waking with support
(Jensen et al., 2015)
Walking and
Jumping (Shoaibi et al.,
2019)
0-12 month perceptual development
Till the age of 12 months, the infant can distinguish and respond to specific things
such as pain, touch, taste of the food they are provided with, mother’s milk and body odours
and parts (Sriram & Kashyap, 2018). They prefer responding to complex sounds, recognize
their mother’s voice and turns towards the source of sound (Brodie, 2018). As the child

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EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE
grows, their ability to sense things also develops like in the age group of 1-6 months and 7-12
months, the child develops the ability to react to human speech, also the taste bud develops
and the preference changes from sweet to sour and salty (Mennella, Nolden & Bobowski,
2018). The child also develops the ability to visualise, at the age of 0-1 months, the visual
activity is found 20/600, reacts to motions by blinking defensively and their preferences are
large and broad patterns (Wirth et al., 2018). As they enter the age group of 2-3 months they
gain their ability to visualize like and adult and till the age of 12 months they gain the visual
activity to 20/20, where they become capable of differentiating colour (Trevarthen, 2017).
Developmental milestone (DEEWR, 2019)
Fine motor skills Gross motor skills
grasping- 0- 2 months
Gazing at bright and colourful objects from
0- 4weeks
Stimulation of arm from 0- to 4 weeks
Claw grasping- 6- 9 months
Biting, sucking and chewing objects at 0-9
months
Scrawling – 9- 12 months (DEEWR, 2019)
Stimulating arms from birth - 4 weeks
Rolling around from 4- 8 weeks (DEEWR,
2019)
Crawling in the ground from 2 – 4 months
Sitting with the support from 4 – 6 months
Standing with support from 6 to 9 months
Walking with support from 8- 12 months

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EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE
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