EFFECT OF GLOBALIZATION IN CRIME AND CRIMINOLOGY

Running head: EFFECT OF GLOBALIZATION IN CRIME AND CRIMINOLOGY
EFFECT OF GLOBALIZATION IN CRIME AND CRIMINOLOGY
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EFFECT OF GLOBALIZATION IN CRIME AND CRIMINOLOGY1
Introduction
Globalization as defined by the Anthony Giddens is the boosting of worldwide social
relations that connect distant localities in such order that local occurrence is shaped by events
occurring many miles away and vice versa. The debate on globalization and the effect on society
is from time immemorial. The effect of globalization is not only limited to the political and
economic process but it also is taken into account the violent effect of crime. Globalization is
considered a complex subject so to establish the relationship between globalization and criminal
offences a theoretical approach is needed for clarification. Human life and every aspect related to
humanity are covered under the process of globalization and these are culture, economy, politics,
law, ecology, science and public health. Theories related to globalization are huge in number and
every theory gives the effort to understand the multiplicity of globalization. People need to
understand the process of globalization is not just an idea but it is a reality in the present world.
Globalization is the originated in the ancient time starting from the innovation of the basic tools
which helped the society through the use and it developed through railways, printing, sailing
vessels, telephones, steam vessels, and the internet. The effect of globalization is not always
favorable to humanity as it also includes crimes and violence against the world. This paper will
discuss the effect of globalization on crime and deviance by explaining various factors related to
social, economic and political aspects.

EFFECT OF GLOBALIZATION IN CRIME AND CRIMINOLOGY2
Discussion
The connection between local crime and global crime
Globalization has a close relationship with local crime and global crimes. Globalization
divides the societies and economies and it disconnects to get information that is accessible to the
dominant society and in this way it provides people to get involved in the global criminal
organization. Youth abandonment, unemployment, alienation are the reasons which encourage
the people to join the criminal activity of the global drug traffickers. The anomaly is more
intense in Russia where the youth became attracted to the criminal entities after the breakdown
of the Soviet Union (Franko 2019).
In North America global drug trafficking destroy the moral principles in a certain section
of the society at the cultural level. The process of globalization effects in the crimes to make it in
an organized manner causes harm to the integrity of the social aspect and it generates into local
crimes (Wall 2017). The drug industry is not only responsible for corruption and violence which
leads to social degradation but there are other areas also which can be termed as the
macroeconomic consequences that disorganize a stable economy and creates poverty and
unemployment (Bittle et al, 2018).
It has been observed by Theodore Caplow and Jonathan Simon that the economic
reconstruction made by globalization is mainly caused because of the scarcity of well-paid jobs
which requires low industrial skill. The uneducated young males with fewer opportunities in the
job market tend to consider the crime as a lucrative option for a better economic consideration
(Shaw 2016). Crimes like drug dealing became a great job opportunity that requires no specific
skills or resources to fulfill the criteria. The people involved in these crimes are often detained in

EFFECT OF GLOBALIZATION IN CRIME AND CRIMINOLOGY3
jails but it never stops these organizations to recruit people from suburban areas for example the
motorcycle gangs which are heavily responsible for criminal activities and drug-related offenses
(Pepper and Schmid 2016). The process of globalization reached a pick level in the Latin
American countries for example Mexico, Brazil, Venezuela, Peru, Argentina, Colombia and
holding as a top priority of public interest.
The globalization process also includes urbanization within the ambit. Urbanization gives
the unemployed, rural and young people the opportunities to join crime as a profession because
the people who are not able to perform under fast-changing economic conditions need to survive
by it. In this way the localized criminal activities are widening its scope into the global market
for criminality (Nayak 2016).
Marxism and crime
Marxism is known as the socio-economic investigation which involves the social conflict
and class struggle with a provincial look out of social transformation. It evolved in the 19th
century by the hand of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Marxism had various branches and
schools and it confused was as today's world does not have any single definitive theory of
Marxism (Tombs 2017). There are different school of thoughts which is taken into consideration
the classical Marxism and tends to refuse the other aspects. However many schools mixed the
non-Marxian concept with the Marxian concepts which resulted in conflicting ideas. The theory
of Marxism has a great impact on different subjects and it also includes Criminology (Bittle et al,
2018).
Marxist Criminology is a part of the criminology. It focuses on what are the criteria to
effect a stable social environment and it follows a predefined political philosophy. To deal with