Understanding Communication Models

This assignment delves into the realm of communication models, specifically focusing on their application in business and interpersonal contexts. It examines the Johari Window model, analyzing its components and how it facilitates self-awareness and understanding in relationships. Furthermore, the assignment explores other influential communication models, such as those used in doctor-patient interactions and climate policy discussions. Students will gain insights into effective communication strategies across diverse scenarios.

Running head: EFFECTIVE BUSINESS COMMUNICATION
Topic- Effective Business Communication
Name of the Student
Name of the university
Author’s note

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Table of Contents
1. Diagnosis and Reflection.............................................................................................................2
1.1 Findings of the tool................................................................................................................2
1.2 Identification of two communication issues that requires development...............................5
1.3 Reflection of two recent professional interactions................................................................6
2. Literature Review........................................................................................................................7
3. Action plan.................................................................................................................................12
References......................................................................................................................................15

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1. Diagnosis and Reflection
The paper mainly focuses on the communication diagnostic tools that are generally
utilized in order to identify the personal capability of an individual. I have utilized some of the
communication diagnostic tools in order to pre-assess the areas of my personal capability so that
I can be able to improve it. The use of diagnostic tool not only improves my personal capability
but also assists in enhancing communication effectiveness. Moreover, with the utilization of
communication based diagnostic tool, I have improved my communication competencies
through appropriate ability as well as knowledge so that I can have proper communicative
behaviors.
1.1 Findings of the tool
I have utilized five communication diagnostic tools in order to analyze my
communication style across various areas that include active listening, verbal communication,
assertiveness perception as well as non-verbal communication. After diagnosing the
communication style, I have analyzed the results and the findings of diagnosis are elaborated
below:
Talking therapy
I have utilized the tool of talking therapy for diagnosing my communication style and
have found I can easily talk about my thoughts as well as feelings and thus communicating
about it generally helps me in working out of something that bothers me. The findings of the
tool suggest that sometimes I feel shy about talking about my thoughts to my friends as well as
relatives. In context to active listening, the results of the talking therapy suggests that I got

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interrupted quite easily while listening to others however I don’t find any difficulty while
communicating in verbal as well non-verbal ways.
Strength cards
On the other hand, I have identified that by utilizing strength cards I can be able to know
about my skills, strengths, weaknesses, evaluation as well as critical writing. The finding of the
tool suggests that one my greatest strength is that I can non-verbally communicate quite
effectively however sometimes I found obstacles in communicating properly with unknown
people. In context to active listening, I have analyzed that I face problem in communicating the
same that I have heard as I got easily interrupted while listening. Moreover, assertiveness
perception of mine is good.
Assertive type questionnaire:
I have used this tool in order to diagnosis my communication style. The findings of the
tool suggest that presence of proper assertiveness skills is generally helping me in fulfilling my
potential of reaching goals. The results suggests that due to assertive way of my verbal as well as
non verbal communication I feel connected to others and can be able to resolve the issues as well
as challenges that occur in my life. I communicate in a respectful ways towards others so that
others do not get hurt due to the way of my communication. In addition to this, the findings of
the tool suggests that I clearly state my feelings as well as opinions to other however sometime I
face problem in communicating with unknown people for the first time. Moreover, the outcome
reflects that due to the presence of assertiveness in me, I value myself, my emotional as well as
spiritual requirement and I strongly advocate myself while being respectful to other when I
generally communicate.

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Communication Style Questionnaire
The utilization of communication style questionnaire helps in tracking the four basic
areas of assertiveness that is present in me while solving standard and demanding
communication situations. The findings of the tool generally suggests that I have the ability of
standing at my decisions or opinions thus I am not get manipulated by others due to their style of
communication. In addition to this, the results reflects that I also have the ability of giving
proper feedback with appropriate art of developing as well as establishing proper social relations
with people. The findings of the communication style questionnaire suggest that I can easily deal
with other with the help of my communication style. The result reflects overall degree of
assertiveness that is present in me and I consider it as one of my strengths. The tools showcase
that I got interrupted easily while hearing to others and as a result I failed to understand the
underlying concepts behind the point of others discussion which generally increases
misconception and reduces understanding.
Johari Window
With the utilization of Johari Window tool, I have found that with the utilization of this
tool, one can easily enhance the individual’s perception on others. This tool generally helps in
reflecting self arena, blind arena, hidden arena as well as unknown arena. In context to self arena,
the results reflect that my attitude as well as behavior towards others is good which enhances the
open arena and decreases my blind arena. I generally communicate with other through seeking
feedback which further assists in reducing my blind arena. The finding suggests that I must feel
free to express my feelings to others about my experiences as well as feelings. Moreover the
findings of the tool showcases that in hide my qualities as well as capabilities from others and in

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order to resolve the problems that I face in context to my communication style, I need to select
open communication method.
1.2 Identification of two communication issues that requires development
After analyzing the findings of the tools that are generally utilized in order to diagnose
the communication style, I have identified that there are two key communication issues which
needs development for making my communication style much more effective as well as
improved. The issues that I have identified in context to my communication style are generally
elaborated below:
Problem in communicating with unknown people: The findings of the communication
diagnostic tools suggest that I face lot of problem in communicating well with unknown people
for the first time. When in communicate for the first time with strangers I feel little bit shy which
obstructs me to speak that I want to tell. Due to this, I am not able to talk fluently with the
strangers. I want to resolve this issue of mine by utilizing some technique so that I can fluently
talk with strangers although it’s my first meeting with them. I want to improve this style of my
communication so that I can be able to handle my problems quite easily.
Not able to communicate properly if gets interrupted while hearing: I have analyzed
from the findings of the tools that are generally used for diagnosing my communication style is
that I can easily get interrupted while hearing to others and as result I face problem in
communicating the same that I have heard from others. In spite of this, I have analyzed that
when in I got interrupted during conversation with others then I face problem in understanding
the opinions as well as thoughts that the other people is trying to convey and as a result due to
lack of understanding, misconceptions arises and understanding between me and the people who

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is communicating decreases. Interruption while hearing may creates lot of problem and as result
I want to resolve this issue of mine that I face so that I can communicate well based on what I
have heard from others without problem.
1.3 Reflection of two recent professional interactions
In order to provide evidence and for supporting the need for personal communication
development, I am reflecting on two recent professional interaction that I had been within the
past few months. I am analyzing the interactions from the perspective of two main
communication issues that generally requires development. The interactions are generally
elaborated below:
1st interaction
In the month of November, a friend of mine was ill and therefore she asked me to note
down all the important points that will be discussed in the class. However, in the class I sit beside
one of the guy who is quite talkative and I was interrupted in the entire session of my class and
therefore I face difficulty in hearing that is being discussed in the class. When I met my friend, I
am not able to communicate all the sections or important points that are being discussed in the
class. I gave her the overview of the points but I failed to provide her the detailed information.
This conversation with my friend reflects that I need to resolve the issue that I generally faces
due to interruption while hearing.
2nd Interaction
Recently, our college has arranged a brainstorming session for all the students of the
college. I have also participated in the brainstorming session. However, while speaking before
the unknown faces I feel confused and thus not being able to speak properly on the topic on

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which I was supposed to express my thoughts or opinion. This interaction of my mine suggests
that I feel nervous while speaking before strangers and thus I want to resolve this issue of mine
with the help of appropriate technique. I have analyzed that this communication issue of mine
requires development in order to resolve it.
2. Literature Review
The recent two professional interactions suggest that the problem is in communicating
with strangers and communicating back while getting interrupted during hearing. It is quite
important to resolve both the communication issues in order to develop as well as improve
communication style for communicating properly with other people. In order to resolve the
communication issues, various concepts, key models as well as behavior related with
communication are demonstrated that assists in acquiring both communication style as well as
proper interpersonal skill that is generally needed in order to demonstrate the competence in
different areas (Neuliep, 2017). The processes as well as strategies that need to be utilized for
resolving the issues are generally elaborated below:
Problem in communicating with unknown people
Some people generally fears in communicating with strangers and this problem does not
allow them to open up their thoughts as well as views in public before the people. However, it is
stated by Price et al. (2015), that a great thing generally come out to them who generally wants to
risk their rejection and wants to put themselves out there. Therefore, in order to resolve this
issue, an empowering mindset is generally required for creating conversation with potentially
anyone. There must always be the choice of talking in order to mitigate the fear that is present
for communicating with strangers. According to Rosenberg and Chopra (2015), some people

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opened up and some people remain shutting down but in order to improve the communication
style, one needs to interact with others by leaning the tone as well as body language that needs to
be utilized by the individual while communicating with strangers. In order to open up and for
mitigating the problem, one of the most important steps is to meet with more number of people
for creating new opportunities in order to connect with more number of people (Tran, 2016). By
utilizing this procedure, one does not remain connected with people but also remain happier as
more number of opportunities arrived in order to network with others.
It is opined by Jack and Schyns (2015) that people should not expect the outcome while
communicating for the first time with the strangers. It is identified that there is a difference
between the actual happening as well as perceived outcome and therefore the number of times
people think about a worse case, the chances of making it much more increases. While talking or
communicating in front of strangers it is very much necessary to avoid thinking what others will
think Kourkouta & Papathanasiou, 2014). In addition to this, one needs to allow an individual
who wants to speak in public. In addition to this, it is very much important to initiate a
conversation in order to reduce nervousness before speaking to people (Larson et al., 2014).
Approaching someone at first for talking helps in providing confidence with which one can talk
fluently before strangers (Lauring & Klitmoller, 2015). The conversation that is created must be
an open conversation where one can talk about their views as well as thoughts.
It is identified that talking with more number of people helps in reducing the problem
that people generally face when first approach for talking to the strangers. If they make
themselves habituated with talking with anyone they can easily communicate without facing any
difficulty which not only improves their power of communication but also helps in providing a
positive reflection on the personality of that individual (McCroskey, 2015). Thus, in order to

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improve the communication style as well as for developing ones personality it is very much
necessary to utilize appropriate concepts, key models as well as behavior related with
communication which further assists in acquiring both communication style as well as proper
interpersonal skill that is generally needed in order to demonstrate the competence in different
areas (Patt & Weber, 2014). Furthermore, building up confidence is also important in order to
communicate effectively in public. Improvements of communication skills are also necessary as
it is considered as one of the key for developing proper social support as well as friendship
among people (Savery, 2015). Proper communication skills with confidence does not hinder
anyone to speak in public and thus one can effectively communicate in spite they are in the
public without any fear.
Not able to communicate properly if gets interrupted while hearing
According to Neuliep (2017), many of the discussions are generally hindered by
interruptions and as a result people who are involved within the discussion generally gets
different views. As interruption while hearing creates lot of issues as well as challenges
including misconception as well as lack of understanding among people which further creates
conflicts. In order to promote effective communication it is quite important to resolve the issues
that the person is facing due to interruption and the only way of doing is meditation. It is stated
by Herbst et al., (2014) that mediators are generally provided with the summary back to the
person in order to speak about the person so that the person can be able to make clarification
about any type of misunderstandings that have occurred. It is identified that there are various
types of views about summarizing the details that they have heard in order to resolve conflicts
between people (Hovland & Lumsdaine, 2017). The skills of summarizing what is heard by an
individual is considered as one of the important as well as essential skill that must be grown in

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order to make the style of communication much more effective as well as improved. It is very
much necessary to utilize proper practice so that a listener can be able to listen while the speaker
can speak without anxiety and as a result in this way they will need to fend off the interruptions.
It also assists in increasing the quality of communication.
It is opined by Berland and Berland (2017), that poor skills of listening generally results
in ineffective communication which generally have an adverse effect on the productivity of the
team, individuals as well as organization. The barriers of poor listening can be solved by
adopting proper strategies as well as methods (Bradbury‐Jones et al., 2014). It is identified that
good conversational skills are assets with the help of which proper professional skills can be
achieved. However people who talk more than necessary is considered as a hindrance therefore it
is quite important for those people to avoid interrupting in useless talk. It is stated by (Dunn and
Andrews (2015) that distraction while listening is considered as an important problem which can
be resolved by maintaining an eye contact with the person in order to face the person while
speaking.
In order to resolve the problem of interruption during hearing, it is very much important
to implement number of strategies that are elaborated below:
Beware of interruption: It is stated by Galvin et al., (2015) that one needs to remain
ware of interruption while discussing important topic with others. One needs to concentrate on
the discussion by maintain an eye contact with the person with whom he is talking so that the
chances of interruption gets lowered.
Listen actively: It is very much necessary to listen actively to others while talking so that
the chance of interruption or distraction gets reduced (Ghaferi and Dimick, 2015). While

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communicating with others it is very much necessary that people must remain aware about
listening and for this it is quite necessary to get involved with as well as react with other person’s
statement which will be helpful in strengthening your understanding for making a better
impression.
Avoid negative questions: It is opined by Goetsch and Davis (2014) that asking a
negative question between communications generally creates confusion so it is quite necessary to
phrase the question positively that an individual wants to ask. Negative questions in the middle
of discussion must be avoided so that the person who is hearing will get clearer idea of the
communication.
Be sensitive to technical knowledge: It is very much necessary to remain sensitive
towards technical questions. If an individual is utilizing acronym then it is very much necessary
to know the meaning of acronym before using it as same acronym have different meaning in
context to IT (Hemsley & Balandin, 2014).
The conflict in views that arises due to interruption must be resolved and there are
number of techniques that need to be adopted in order to resolve conflicts. The techniques are as
follows:
Identification of problem: Proper understanding must be made in order to understand
both sides of the problem. The main goal of the initial stage is to identify the message that a
person wants to convey and the message which is required by the other person (Jack & Schyns,
2015). It is identified that it is quite important to listen actively in order to avoid blame.

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Come up with different possible solution: After identifying the problem it is quite
necessary to list different ideas for solving the problem regardless of their feasibility. In this
phase it is quite necessary to aim towards quantity irrespective of quality.
Evaluate the alternate solutions: It is necessary to go through various lists of
alternative solutions in order to analyze their pros as well as cons until the best solution for
resolving conflict is identified (Larson et al., 2014). It is very much necessary for each person to
be honest.
Decide the best solution: After the evaluation of best solution, it is necessary to decide
the best solution that seems quite acceptable. As long as the solution seems fair, there is a reason
of mutual commitment for working with the decisions in order to resolve the conflict (Lauring &
Klitmøller, 2015).
Implement the solution: It is necessary to agree on the details in order to implement the
solution effectively which help in resolving conflicts.
3. Action plan
The main objective of the action plan is to analyze various diagnostic tools which are
related with communication style. The action plan generally includes development of various
types of study materials, collection of materials for literature survey and collection of different
secondary data from literature sources. The detailed action plan for the project as per the
expected schedule is generally reflected with the help of the table below:
Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors

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Action Plan 144 days
Tue
5/23/17
Fri 12/8/17
Initiation of activity 15 days
Tue
5/23/17
Mon
6/12/17
Development of study 3 days Tue 5/23/17
Thu
5/25/17
Creating documentation for the
requirements
2 days Fri 5/26/17
Mon
5/29/17
2
Study plan preparation 3 days Tue 5/30/17 Thu 6/1/17 3
Study plan scheduling 4 days Fri 6/2/17 Wed 6/7/17 4
Suitable study materials 3 days Thu 6/8/17
Mon
6/12/17
5
Action initiation 103 days
Tue
6/13/17
Thu
11/2/17
Study materials collection 10 days Tue 6/13/17
Mon
6/26/17
6
Performing literature survey 12 days Tue 6/27/17
Wed
7/12/17
8
Secondary data collection 15 days
Thu
7/13/17
Wed 8/2/17 9
Collected data analysis 12 days Thu 8/3/17 Fri 8/18/17 10

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Creating contract with mentor 13 days
Mon
8/21/17
Wed 9/6/17 11
Making consultation with contract team 11 days Thu 9/7/17
Thu
9/21/17
12
In-depth analysis of information 8 days Fri 9/22/17 Tue 10/3/17 13
In-depth understanding of information 12 days
Wed
10/4/17
Thu
10/19/17
14
Project report preparation 10 days
Fri
10/20/17
Thu
11/2/17
15
Closure of the activity 26 days Fri 11/3/17 Fri 12/8/17
Project report review 8 days Fri 11/3/17
Tue
11/14/17
16
Report submission to mentor 1 day
Wed
11/15/17
Wed
11/15/17
18
Review by mentor 8 days
Thu
11/16/17
Mon
11/27/17
19
Marking 9 days
Tue
11/28/17
Fri 12/8/17 20

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