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Effectiveness of Lifestyle Interventions in the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes

   

Added on  2021-04-21

14 Pages3411 Words81 Views
Effectiveness of Lifestyle Interventions in the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Among Adults: ASystematic Review NameInstitution
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Effectiveness of Lifestyle Interventions in the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes AmongAdults: A Systematic ReviewLiterature Review-The rise of noncommunicable diseases in recent decades has stood out as a significant public health problem for both developed and developing countries. -This rise is primarily attributed to both an ageing population, and also the shift to nutrition and dietary habits of the western world and the sedentary lifestyles. -This shift, especially and dietary habits is influence by both development (socioeconomicand technological), urbanisation and globalisation [ CITATION Kof16 \l 1033 ]. -Diabetes stands out as one of the major noncommunicable disease attributable to nutrition. -Its worldwide prevalence increases rapidly and especially in the developing nations. As per the most recent statistics, 400 million people worldwide, 29.1 million people in the US, 3.8 million people in the UK, and 1.2 million people in Australia suffer from diabetes, with 90% of which present with type II diabetes (T2D) [CITATION Int16 \m Wor161 \l 1033 \m Aus18 \m Pub161].-Type 2 diabetes is a lifestyle disease which can be prevented by lifestyle changes, in terms of changes in dietary habits and also increased physical activity. -A number of studies have reported success in the reduction of T2D prevalence through the of lifestyle interventions [ CITATION Gon11 \l 1033 \m Dia13]. -Weight control is central to the prevention and management of T2D independent of the dietary factor.
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-Owing to the fact that obesity is a major risk factor for T2D, lifestyle interventions aimedat weight management are central to its prevention. -Except for some Asian countries (China and India in particular), minimal research has been conducted so far on diabetes prevention programs in developing countries. -A number of systematic reviews on this topic have been conducted so far, and they do notall reach the conclusion that there is enough data to recommend the use of lifestyle interventions as advocated for by diabetes prevention programmes currently. As such, this systematic review aims at addressing some questions: a.Among high risk groups, does combined diet and physical activity interventions have an impact on glycaemic control and the incidence of T2D?b.Does the patient’s age, sex or ethnicity affect their participation in combined diet and physical interventions and the resulting incidence of T2D? c.Does the nature of the trial (explanatory or pragmatic trial) influence the effect of combined diet and physical activity interventions on the participants?Aims of this reviewThe questions outlined above spell the aim of this systematic review, which simply put, aims at synthesizing recent evidence from the past ten years on the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in the management of weight in glycaemic control and eventually on the incidence of type II diabetes among adults.
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Search StrategyIn order to identify all relevant studies on the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in the management of weight in glycaemic control and eventually on the incidence of type II diabetes, asearch will be conducted on the following electronic databases: CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Academic Search Complete. The search terms shown table 1 below will be used. The alternative keywords and phrases as identified using thesaurus, a search on Google Scholar followed by scanning of the results for alternative words and phrases, and lastly, the use of the US National Library of Medicine’s Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) search are shown in the third row and will be used accordingly.Patient or Population orProblemIntervention (or Exposure)ComparisonOutcomesType II DiabetesDiet Physical activityN/AWeight managementGlycaemic controlIncidence of type II diabetesDiabetes MellitusNoninsulin-Dependent DiabetesMellitusType 2 DiabetesType 2 Diabetes MellitusDietary ManagementNutritional ManagementDiet TherapyDiet HabitsFeeding BehaviourNutritional TherapyExercisePhysical Education and TrainingN/AHBA1c blood sugar Weight reduction planDiabetes mellitus incidenceIncidence of diabetes mellitus Type II diabetes incidence Incidence of Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes MellitusThe MeSH and other relevant terms as identified above will then be combined with Boolean operators “AND” and “OR” and used appropriately. This will lead to combinations such as (i)
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