Future of Electric Vehicles in Australia

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Future of electric vehicles in Australia
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INTRODUCTION
An electric vehicle, commonly abbreviated as EV, uses a single or numerous traction motors or
electric motors for the purposes of propulsion and it may be powered through a self-contained
with an electric generator, solar panels or battery or a collector system by electrical energy from
sources that are off the vehicle. In Australia, there are two categories of EV, namely plug-in
hybrid EV and battery electric vehicle. Just like in other countries, Australia is also considering
the future of electric vehicles since they have a significant benefit to utilities and consumers.
Electric vehicles present an opportunity for low carbon transport, low cost, and also provides the
opportunity for security in transportation and energy diversity. These opportunities and benefits
provide justification and motivation as to why it is very significant to research on the future of
electric vehicles in Australia.
This research of the future of electric vehicle is very unique since the technology of electric
vehicle is still not widely implemented globally and only a few countries have managed to fully
incorporate this technology into their vehicle manufacturing industries. This research can be
approached by reviewing the technology involves in electric vehicles, types of electric vehicles
in Australia. Advantages and disadvantages of an electric vehicle, and the future of electric
vehicle (Ajanovic, 2015).
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
This research on the future of electric vehicles in Australia seeks to answer the following
research questions:
 What is an electric vehicle?
 What are the major components used in the manufacture of an electric vehicle?
 What are the types of electric vehicles in Australia?

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 What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of electric vehicles?
 What is the current state of electric vehicles in Australia?
 What is the future of electric vehicles in Australia? (Anderson, 2019)
LITERATURE REVIEW
An electric vehicle is a special type of an automotive which uses a sing for numerous traction
motors or electric motors for the purposes of its propulsion. This automotive can be powered
through self-contained systems such as electric generator which coveters fuel to electric energy,
solar panels, or battery or powered through a collector system by electrical energy from off-
vehicle sources. Electrical vehicle includes, but not limited to, electric spacecraft, electric
aircraft, underwater and surface vessels, and rail and road vehicles. Electric vehicles came into
existence in the middle 19th century, when the electrical energy was one of the preferred methods
for the propulsion of the motor vehicle, providing an ease of operation and a level of comfort that
could not be attained by the gasoline vehicles at that instance (Ching, 2012).
Transportation Statistics
As mentioned in the previous section of this research, the major objective of this project is to
evaluate and analyze certain aspects of the future of electric vehicles in Australia when all non-
commercial vehicles will be replaced by hybrid or electric vehicles. Since it is impossible to
predict the exact state of electric vehicles in future, there is need of looking into the current
statistics and project them in the future. The population of Australia is estimated to be
25,294,500 as of 2019 March 19th. This makes Australia the 52nd most populated country in the
whole world with the majority of its population being concentrated in urban areas. The market of
Australia commercial vehicle stood at $16.29 billion in 2016, and the market is projected to
reach $21.66 billion by 2022. Australia commercial vehicle market is anticipated to expand at a

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healthy pace during forecast duration on account of growing demand for commercial vehicles for
logistics, construction, and transportation sectors (Deka, 2018).
Electricity Generation and Consumption
An estimate of the present electricity consumption in Australia is necessary when forecasting the
demand of electricity consumption for the future Australia where all the vehicles will have to be
replaced by hybrid and electric vehicles. The figure below shows the energy usage and electricity
generation in Australia:
Figure 1: Electricity generation and usage in Australia (Deka, 2018)
Components of Electric Vehicle
Energy sources
Majority of huge electrical systems in transport is powered by electricity sources that are
stationary which are coupled to the automotive through an electric cable. Electric traction
permits the regenerative braking application, in which motors are used as brakes and become
generators which the motion of the vehicle. The direction connected to the electrical energy