Epidemiology of Tuberculosis: Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention

Epidemiology of tuberculosis

Table of Contents
Abstract ...........................................................................................................................................1
Background......................................................................................................................................1
Critically analysis on causal relationships associated with tuberculosis...................................1
Epidemiology triangle for tuberculosis with critical analysis on the risk factors that are
associated with Tuberculosis and preventive procedures...........................................................2
Critical examination of the factors which affect human body and evaluation of social and
public health policies for tuberculosis disease control................................................................3
Evaluation of prevention and effect of policy that changes upon the delivery of health and
social care services......................................................................................................................5
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

Abstract
Epidemiology refers to that branch of medical science which mainly deals with
distribution, incidences and procedures to control the wide-spreading diseases (Mogashoa and et.
al., 2019). By describing progression or history of diseases, procedures for treatment and
prevention of same, can be made. Focusing on distribution and determinants of frequency of a
disease, i.e. Tuberculosis it has been analysed through this report that it is one of the most severe
communicable disease that affects a million of people and causes death as well. However, many
interventions have been taken yet to reduce and control this disease, but still people especially
living in areas of unhygienic and underdeveloped areas, are at higher risk of tuberculosis.
Background
Critically analysis on causal relationships associated with tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is considered as one of the major public health concern at worldwide
level, where a number of people are affected by this disease and some leads to death also
(Senghore, M. and et. al., 2018). It is mainly caused due to poverty, malnutrition and poverty
among population, under which people live at socially backward classes are mostly come in
contact with this communicable disease. TB mortality rates and highest incidence of this disease
are also seen within developed countries like The United Kingdom, especially in less developed
and low income areas, where people are living the vulnerable life due to less income
opportunities (Pai and Memish, 2019). These are also taken as settings, under which
immigration, social inequalities, drug and alcoholic consumption, including HIV infection are
coexists, so, all factors are strongly associated with this specific disease. As per World Health
Organisation report, TB is one of the leading disease that causes death due to a single infectious
agent. In 2017, it has been estimated that ten million incident has found of TB cases, where 1.6
million deaths occurred. This has represented the reductions of 1.8% and 3.9% as compared to
previous year i.e. 2016 (Global Epidemiology of Tuberculosis and Progress Toward Achieving
Global Targets — 2017. 2019).
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