Equality and Diversity

EQUALITY AND
DIVERSITY

TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Background of research...............................................................................................................3
Analysis of secondary research findings.....................................................................................4
P 4 Data analysis and interpretation............................................................................................5
P6 Reflection.............................................................................................................................12
P7 Recommendation and conclusion.........................................................................................13
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................16
Questionnaire.............................................................................................................................16
Appendix 2.................................................................................................................................17

INTRODUCTION
Equality and diversity is the most essential elements of business success, it helps to create
positive environment around workplace and enhance moral of workers effectively. It defined as
promoting equality of chance for all, through diversity, provide every one opportunity to achieve
their potential, free from discrimination & prejudice (Villareal, 2018). The present report is
based on impact of compound of equality-diversity in workforce while managing business
operations on international level. By using secondary and primary data collection methods the
findings are presented in this report, that help to provide relevant information regarding chosen
topic. A case study is based on Booths store, operating their business in UK.
Background of research
Primary research is carried out through self-conducted research methods, it is one that
include collecting of fresh data. The purpose of primary research to collect information and
answer research questions that have not been asked ever before. On the other hand, secondary
research is conducted through previously carried studies. It is another research method that
includes use of data, already been gathered through primary research.
Researcher in this research use primary and secondary research type method which is
quite beneficial for proper investigation. It helps to gather large amount of data related to topic,
that is used to draw appropriate findings. Inductive research is used by researcher, because it
takes short time and provide suitable results. Interpretivism research philosophy support to
interpret components of this study in effective manner. Thematic analysis is the best method of
data analysis, it helps to carry out overall research effectively.
Ethical consideration considered accumulation of principles & values that address all
questions of what is bad or good in human concern. Ethical codes provide research direction
when conducting investigation, confronting ethical dilemmas and confusing situations.
Researcher of this study strive to keep the highest degree of competence in their work, they have
to acknowledge limitation of expertise and undertake only those work for which they are
qualified by experience, education and training as well.
Time period is one of the biggest limitations of this research conducted by researcher,
that can limit research. The time period assigned to accomplish this research is not sufficient, it
impacts on activities of researcher. Another limitation is, limited access to data, this investigation
includes survey certain people, at that time researcher faced problems of having limited access to

these respondents, due to this limitation, they need to restructure or redesign its research in
different way that consume a lot of time.
Limited sample size for primary research reduce chances of error, it helps to provide
simple and relevant information, without any conflict. It gives accurate mean values, smaller
margin of error and identify outliers that will skew data in large sample size.
Analysis of secondary research findings
Importance of research topic-
Identify the impact of incorporating equality and diversity in workforce while operating
business on global stage, is research topic which is very essential. With the help of choosing this
topic researcher is able to gather appropriate information about the effect of both elements on
company and its benefits when organization operating at international level in order to gain
competitive advantages.
Literature review-
Theme 1- Concept of gender pay gap at work area-
In view point of Card, Cardoso and Kline, (2016) gender wage or pay gap is average
difference between payment for women and men who are working in same organization. It
impacts negatively on performance of workers and their ability of work. Most women usually
considered to be paid less than men, which is not good for their growth. Gender pay inequity in
workplace is very critical problem not just for employees but for business as well. It has negative
impact on women, they cannot be able to work effectively.
Theme 2- Importance of reducing gender pay gap in work place at time running business
on global stage-
According to McElhaney and Smith, (2017) in order to sustain business for longer period
at global level, it is very essential to reduce gender pay gap at workplace, because it helps to
build strong team who are able to contribute in achieving business objectives and goals. While
operating business at global level, organization had to work effectively which is possible when
they have skilled and talented applicants with high motivation. Blossfeld and Kiernan, (2019)
highlight that in order to increase productivity and efficiency of employees in workplace, it is
important for management to reduce gender pay gap and provide fair wages to its staff members.
Theme 3- Various ways to reduce gender pay gap with regard to diversity- equality in
company-

As per view of Parken and Ashworth, (2019) organization is used different types of
methods to reduce gender pay pap with regard to equality and diversity. Involvement of workers
in decision-making procedure is the best way regarding above statement. It helps to reduce
gender pay differences, enhance motivational level of employees and allow to perform much
better than before. On the other hand, Polachek, (2019) stated that management can reduce
gender pay gap effectively, with the help of providing fair and equal opportunity for taking
participation in training procedure. According to the author it is the best way to reduce the
negative impact of gender way gap instead of involvement in decision-making.
P 4 Data analysis and interpretation
Theme 1: Yes, company have knowledge relating to importance of managing equality and
diversity at workplace.
Particular Respondent % of respondent
Yes 15 75
No 5 25
Total 20 100
Interpretation: from the above analysis of the data it is interpreted that maximum of the
respondent agrees that the company is having knowledge relating to the significance of using
equitable and diverse strategies at workplace. This is because the company is practicing these
types of activities and try to promote equality at the workplace. However, rest of the employees
do not assent to these facts.

Theme 2: Agree that company operate with use of practices which promotes equality and
diversity.
Particular Respondent % of respondent
Strongly agree 2 10
Agree 10 50
Neutral 1 5
Disagree 3 15
Strongly disagree 4 20
Total 20 100
Interpretation: with the help of analysis of data it is interpreted that 50 % of the respondent
consent that company is practicing strategies which promotes equality and diversity at the
workplace. In contrast to this 20% of the participants strongly disagrees to this fact that the
company uses equitable and diverse strategies. However, rest of the participants either disagrees
or are neutral to the fact.
Theme 3: Yes, there is gender pay gap in the operations of the company.
Particular Respondent % of respondent
Yes 16 80
No 4 20
Total 20 100

Interpretation: with the analysis of the data collected for above question it is inferred that there
is presence of gender pay gap within the company. This is evident because of the reason that the
there is discrimination among the pay of the employees on the basis of gender. Moreover, some
of the respondent does not agrees to this fact.
Theme 4: Negative impact is there of high gender pay gap on the productivity of the company.
Particular Respondent % of respondent
Positive 6 30
Negative 14 70
Total 20 100

Interpretation: from the analysis of the above collected data it is inferred that there is high
negative impact of gender pay gap over the productivity of the company. The major reason
underlying this fact is that if there is discrimination among the employees on basis of gender then
the employees will not work in proper manner and this will reduce the productivity of the
company. In contrast to this rest of the employee’s states that there is positive impact of the high
gender pay gap over the productivity of the company.
Theme 5: Yes, reduction in gender pay gap will promote equality within workplace.
Particular Respondent % of respondent
Yes 12 60
No 8 40
Total 20 100
Interpretation: after the analysis and evaluation of the data it is assumed that yes, if the gender
pay gap is reduced then this will promote equality at workplace. This is agreed by 60 % of the
participants because of the reason that all the employees will be satisfied if they will be paid
equitably. But some of the respondents do not agree to this fact and oppose to this fact.
Theme 6: All of the above are the major reason for the high gender pay gap.
Particular Respondent % of respondent
Cultural differences 6 30
Conservative thinking of
people 4 20

Assumption that women are
less competent as men 2 10
All of the above 8 40
Total 20 100
Interpretation: with the analysis of the data it is concluded that all of the above are the major
reason for high gender pay gap among the employees. This includes cultural differences,
assumptions that women are weaker and less competent as compared to males and conservative
thinking of the employees. However, rest of the employee’s assents to these factors on individual
basis.
Theme 7: Salary transparency is the major strategy which can promote equality and diversity.
Particular Respondent % of respondent
Salary transparency 10 50
Recruiting diverse people
coming from different
background 2 10
Use of training and
mentoring program 3 15
Involving employees in
decision making 5 25
Total 20 100

Interpretation: with the help of analysis of the data it is evaluated and interpreted that
transparency in the salary of the employees will help in promoting equality and diversity. This is
majorly due to the fact that if every employee will know what is the salary of their peer then they
will be motivated to do more effective work. however, some of the employees agrees that
training will improve equality and diversity at workplace.
Theme 8: All of the above is the importance of reducing gender pay gap in the company.
Particular Respondent % of respondent
To increase productivity of
company 2 10
Motivate the employees 4 20
Eliminate discrimination 2 10
All of the above 12 60
Total 20 100

Interpretation: with the analysis of the above data it is inferred that all of the above are the
importance behind the reason that company must go for reducing gender pay gap. This all of
above includes importance like increasing productivity of company, motivation among the
employees and elimination of the discrimination among the employees. However, rest of the
participants agrees to these points on individual basis.
Theme 9: Strongly agree that reducing gender pay gap will help company in building inclusive
workforce.
Particular Respondent % of respondent
Strongly agree 10 50
Agree 5 25
Neutral 0 0
Disagree 2 10
Strongly disagree 3 15
Total 20 100

Interpretation: strongly agree by maximum participants that is 50% that reducing gender pay
gap will help company in building inclusive workforce. This is because of the reason that if there
will not be any discrimination then the employees will work in effective manner. However, some
of the participants either disagrees or agree to this fact.
Theme 10: Recommendation for reduction of pay gap and building of inclusive workforce.
Interpretation: with the maximum participants agreeing the major recommendation for reducing
pay gap and building inclusive workforce is to involve the employees within the process of
decision making. This is majorly because of the reason that employees will feel connected to the
company and they will know the status of all the employees and will come to know that how
decision are taken.
P6 Reflection
From above research, there are different types of methods has been applied in order to
meet the objective of this study, I feel that qualitative research method is quite effective, it helps
to provide better information about the impact of equality and diversity at workplace, while
company operating their business at global level. I also feed that above investigation is essential
and effective for further research, with the help of using all above methods I was able to obtain
suitable data that help in achieving aims and objectives of this research in systematic way. While
conducting investigation, I was able to develop effective plan that help finished respective report.
I used my professional abilities & skills in order to make this study beneficial for other, I worked

very hard to obtain findings that support to draw proper conclusion at end of my work with
applicable outcomes.
While using primary research method, I feel that it is beneficial and effective for this
research, it gives me more control about how to gather data and how I will use it further to
nurture response I want. Primary research is tested, proven and tried method of conducting good
investigation, so I know outcomes that I collect will be relied on.
Along with this I also feel that secondary research method is worthwhile because it
usually more cost effective than primary investigation, it helps to provide base for any study. It
helps to save time and money as well because answers to research questions are already
accessible online, news, journals, published books and in academic databases.
P7 Recommendation and conclusion
As per view of above study, it has been examined that gender pay gap impact on workers
ability and performance at workplace within Booths store. In order to reduce the negative affect
of this problem organization is recommended to adopt different types of methods and develop
strategies.
 Booths store is suggested make their business friendlier towards female it is the best way
that help process of closing gender pay gap, allow women to take shared parental leave
and more paternity leaves assure workplace flexibility and chance for women workers to
return to work.
 Organization is recommended to develop mentoring programs that help female workers
integrate better when systems are made specially for them (Quintana-Garcia and Elvira,
2017). For example, mentoring women on how to reconcile maternity, negotiate their
working condition and salary, is good start to reduce gender pay gap.
 Salary transparency is must between organization and its workers, it also works
effectively towards achieve objective that is to reduce gender pay gap. Transparency is
key to close this problem. By being aware of data, employers accoutred with needed
knowledge to change current situation at workplace and work in way of decreasing
gender wage gap in effective manner.
 In context of this research, researcher must used deductive research method because it
helps to improve their further research and structured in well manner.

 Researcher should use alternative research method such as positivism on the based of
research type in further investigation.
CONCLUSION
From above analysis, it has been concluded researcher was able to achieve research
objectives effectively, with the help of using secondary and primary methods. It has been
summarized that company reduce gender pay gap by adopting range of methods that helps to
provide better results as increase productivity and motivational level of employees without.

REFERENCES
Book and Journals
Blossfeld, H.P. and Kiernan, K., 2019. The new role of women: Family formation in modern
societies. Routledge.
Card, D., Cardoso, A.R. and Kline, P., 2016. Bargaining, sorting, and the gender wage gap:
Quantifying the impact of firms on the relative pay of women. The Quarterly Journal of
Economics. 131(2). pp.633-686.
McElhaney, K. and Smith, G., 2017. Eliminating the gender pay gap: Gap Inc. leads the way.
The Berkeley-Haas Case Series. University of California, Berkeley. Haas School of
Business.
Parken, A. and Ashworth, R., 2019. From evidence to action: Applying gender mainstreaming to
pay gaps in the Welsh public sector. Gender, Work & Organization. 26(5). pp.599-618.
Polachek, S.W., 2019. Equal pay legislation and the gender wage gap. IZA World of Labor.
Quintana-Garcia, C. and Elvira, M.M., 2017. The effect of the external labor market on the
gender pay gap among executives. Ilr Review. 70(1). pp.132-159.
Villareal, W., 2018. A Case Study on Indigenous Leadership(Doctoral dissertation, University of
Phoenix).

APPENDIX
Questionnaire
Name:
Age:
Gender:
1. Does the company have knowledge of the importance of equality and diversity at workplace?
 Yes
 No
2. Do company operate by using the practise which promotes equality and diversity?
 Strongly agree
 Agree
 Neutral
 Disagree
 Strongly disagree
3. Is there gender pay gap within the company operation?
 Yes
 No
4. What is the impact of high gender pay gap on the productivity of the company?
 Positive
 Negative
5. In accordance to you if gender pay gap is reduced will it promote equality at workplace?
 Yes
 No
6. What is the major reason for high gender pay gap?
 Cultural differences
 Conservative thinking of people
 Assumption that women are less competent as men
 All of the above
7. From the following which is the best strategy to promote equality and diversity?
 Salary transparency
 Recruiting diverse people coming from different background

 Use of training and mentoring program
 Involving employees in decision making
8. why is it important for company to reduce gender pay gap?
 To increase productivity of company
 Motivate the employees
 Eliminate discrimination
 All of the above
9. Will reducing gender pay gap help company in building inclusive workforce?
 Strongly agree
 Agree
 Neutral
 Disagree
 Strongly disagree
10. Some recommendation for reducing gender pay gap and building inclusive workforce?
Appendix 2
Gaps in literature review and secondary research findings from secondary research
methods-
From previous research, it has been realized that researcher used different data
collection methods under primary or secondary research which takes a lot of time. After
realizing this, for this study they used large number of sources available in order to collect data.
For example, from previous research, data was collected through journals and articles, but know
with the help of magazines, newspaper and books consist with proper information, researcher is
able to gather information about chosen topic and effectively recommend the best strategies to
reduce gender pay gap at workplace within organization.