Challenges of Land Use Planning in Fringe Areas

This assignment delves into the complexities of land use planning within rural-urban fringe areas. It defines the concept of the fringe as the transitional zone between cities and countryside, highlighting its unique characteristics and challenges. The essay discusses how agricultural land is converted for urban purposes and explores various obstacles faced in effective land use planning, including legal frameworks, environmental considerations, and land use controls. It emphasizes the negative consequences of inadequate planning, such as restricted land utilization and hindered growth in both rural and urban areas. The conclusion proposes a framework for addressing these challenges through strategic planning to optimize the use of fringe lands.

Essay

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION:..........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY :................................................................................................................................1
Question What is the rural-urban fringe and what specific challenges does it present to land-
use planning?...............................................................................................................................1
CONCLUSION:...............................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES:...............................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION:
In present era many people are moving from village to cities that is rural to urban area.
This is due to development of cities that have attracted rural people to move in cities. It connects
city from villages (Peng, Zhao, and Tian, 2016) It is countryside land that can be utilised
effectively for growth and development. Also, land use planning is facing various challenges.
This is affecting the allocation of fringe land. The rise in fringe land has created opportunities for
growth. It has provided platform that can be used in development of rural area. This essay will
describe what are the challenges that are faced in land use planning.
MAIN BODY :
Question What is the rural-urban fringe and what specific challenges does it present to land-use
planning?
Rural urban fringe is means area where city meets countryside. In this rural land such as
agricultural land is used for urban use. This is mainly used by people who live in urban area and
earning stable income (York Cornwell and Hall, 2017). This land is kept often found in outskirts
of city area. These areas need to be developed by having proper land planning. It will help in
effective utilisation of land. This land is either kept for specific project or for non commercial
use. There are certain constraints that lead to use this land. It affects development of rural as well
as urban area. There has been high rise in demand of land fringe in rural areas. It is because of
availability of land at cheaper prices. Also, there is less traffic and pollution resulting in better
environment (Davidson and Wibberley, 2016) Along with this, there is more open space
available that can be accessed in better way.
Land use planning refers to empty land can be accessed and evaluated so that it can be
utilised in effective way. Also, how these land impact society. It is a process in which entire land
is evaluated and then final decisions is taken. It is officially done by government to develop and
grow that area (Debolini, Valette, and Chéry, 2015) If it is efficiently done it will highly help
in growth and development. But there are various issues and problems related to allocation of
resources. Also, people needs and desires varies so it is necessary to do assessment of human
needs. This will help in providing better utilisation of land. This land can be used in growing

food and fibre. It can also be used in developing projects. Apart from this, polices and laws must
be developed so that it helps in land use planning.
There are many challenges that exists in land use planning. It is described as below :-
Environment impact- Any physical development will have direct impact on environmental
example construction of building will affect its surrounding atmosphere (Masucci, Arcaute and
Batty, 2015) This can increase soil erosion, water pollution, etc. the nature of land differs in
their own way. There are certain districts that contains sensitive areas like slopes, coastal zones,
etc. so it this directly impact on environment.
Legal mechanism- There are a lot of legal procedures followed in land use planning. This is the
major problem that s faced in this. Which land needs to be allocated and how it will be used is
very difficult to examine (Van Der Stoep, Aarts and Van Den Brink 2017) Therefore, long
range planning in not done properly. Moreover, it covers various states laws. Thus, it becomes
difficult to analyse what rules have to be followed.
Land use controls- It refers to restriction in using land by owner. These are either common law
or actions. It includes controls such as subdivision, zoning, regulation, etc. the and needs to
follow control process in order to use it effectively.
Inability to change- People have tendency to restrict change. This has allowed both government
and people to implement something new (Davidson and Wibberley, 2016) Also, it has created a
dilemma at all levels. People does not want nay development in fringe land.
Impact on other public services – Local authorities are focused on improving other public
services so that it can help in growth of rural area. For this they are building roads to connect
village to city. So this is allowing them to focus on public areas.
Lack of information – Planners and experts are not having enough information about these
fringe land. They do not know social, physical, etc. details of areas. This has affected them in
making a development plan (Ingram and Franco, 2014). They do not know what, when and
where to develop. This has made them incapable of overcoming this challenge.

Lack of capacity – there is lack of capacity in making decisions in what way land can be used.
Also, how effective land allocation can be done and in what way it will be beneficial in growth
and development of people. This is major reason why land use planning is not done properly.
Moreover, lack of planning has restricted growth of rural area.
Changing operating environment- It has shifted the focus of government in protecting
atmosphere. Due to change in environment measures are taken to reduce its impact (Sharma-
Wallace, 2016).
The challenge between urban and rural area is related to how to maintain pace of growth.
This has created problem in creating a better land plan. Also, it s difficult to determine which
land can be easily used for specific project. Lack of planning is creating many problems on how
resources can be used. Moreover, it is generating barriers in for developing an effective plan
(York Cornwell and Hall, 2017). However, it is necessary to remove barriers as it will help in
proper allocation of land. Furthermore, this will also reduce wastage of land. It will allow
industries to dump waste in according to rule set. Removing all challenges from this will be
beneficial in land planning. It will lead to proper planning. This will help to implement plan and
leading to rural development. Moreover, the nature of governance in rural area will be changed.
Economic change- There is regular shift in economic paradigm of rural areas. This is
influencing evolution of rural planning (Debolini, Valette, and Chéry, 2015). Also, modern
growth in recent times will help in providing opportunities in rural areas. There has been decline
in industrial infrastructure due to low economic growth in rural areas.
There are various implications in land use planning as demands for land has increased in
urban areas for homes and industrial use. Besides this, it has now there has been frequent change
in environment. This has created problems for people and government to make a land use plan.
Also, it has bringing some changes in using land. So it is difficult to examine how land can be
used. Also, there is constant change in policies relating use of property (York Cornwell and Hall,
2017) This is creating variance in land plan. However, government is not focusing on providing
enough resources for developing projects on land. This is wasting both time and money of
business and people. Also, this has allowed local authorities to focus more on public services.

They think that improving public services will automatically lead to development of rural area.
So this has shifted focus from land use. Moreover, another reason behind this is lack of resources
available. Due to this proper land planning is not been done. So people are also not taking any
further steps in utilising land (Ingram and Franco, 2014) This has mad land waste and benefit
for industries to dump waste there. Furthermore, due to lack of communication between local
authorises and people plans developed are not executed. A proper structure is not been created.
This has reduced amount of work that has to be done.
Various villages are not having a proper infrastructure plan. This is restricting in
allocation of land. Besides this, development plan developed is also not proper (Davidson and
Wibberley, 2016). There is no provision of how land can be used as infrastructure such as car
parking, sewerage, etc.
Issues in rural urban fringe
Uses Positive aspect Negative aspect
Agriculture It is very well managed in rural
areas. Land is properly used in
farming.
There are many trespasses
in this.
Development Many parks are been very well
developed by government
It leads to increase in
traffic and pollution.
Transport Developing road network will
help in connecting area.
It destroys countryside.
Recreation and sport Developing golf course,
grounds can lead to
conservation
It will lead to pollution.
Urban services In this reservoirs can be
developed.
Landfill sites, sewage
works will lead to pollution.

There has been improper using of land by farmers and local people. They are dumping
waste in it, filling land with waste materials, etc. there are different issues as stated below :-
 The demand of small houses is in large number but
 The land owners have blocked roads.
 Poor hygiene conditions (Sharma-Wallace, 2016)
 Frequent overflow of tanks and flooding.
It is related to factors such as production in agriculture area. This has emerged as critical
situation in which land planning can not be done. These are several challenges that are been
faced in land use planning. It has restricted the utilisation of fringe land in proper way. Also, this
has resulted in decline in growth and development of rural as well as urban area. By creating a
plan these fringe lands can be used in proper way.
CONCLUSION:
This essay concludes that rural urban fringe is means area where city meets countryside.
In this rural land such as agricultural land is used for urban use. This is mainly used by people
who live in urban area and earning stable income. Land use planning refers to empty land can be
accessed and evaluated so that it can be utilised in effective way. There are many challenges that
exists in land use planning. It is legal mechanism, environment impact, land use controls, etc.
This has impacted a lot in land use planning. It has created gap in rural and urban development.
These are several challenges that are been faced in land use planning. It has restricted the
utilisation of fringe land in proper way.

REFERENCES:
Books and Journals :
Davidson, J. and Wibberley, G., 2016. Planning and the Rural Environment: Urban and
Regional Planning Series. Elsevier.
Debolini, M., Valette, E., François, M. and Chéry, J.P., 2015. Mapping land use competition in
the rural–urban fringe and future perspectives on land policies: A case study of Meknès
(Morocco). Land Use Policy. 47. pp.373-381.
Ingram, D.D. and Franco, S.J., 2014. 2013 NCHS urban-rural classification scheme for counties.
Masucci, A.P., and et..al. 2015. On the problem of boundaries and scaling for urban street
networks. Journal of the Royal Society Interface. 12(111). p.20150763.
Peng .J and et..al., 2016. Identifying the urban-rural fringe using wavelet transform and kernel
density estimation: A case study in Beijing City, China. Environmental Modelling &
Software. 83. pp.286-302.
Sharma-Wallace, L., 2016. Toward an environmental justice of the rural-urban
interface. Geoforum. 77. pp.174-177.
Van Der Stoep, H., Aarts, N. and Van Den Brink, A., 2017. Shifting frames: Mobilizing policy
attention for landscape values in a Dutch urban–rural fringe. Journal of Environmental
Policy & Planning. 19(6). pp.697-711.
York Cornwell, E. and Hall, M., 2017. Neighborhood Problems across the Rural-Urban
Continuum: Geographic Trends and Racial and Ethnic Disparities. The ANNALS of the
American Academy of Political and Social Science. 672(1). pp.238-256.