EXERCISE AS INTERVENTION OF DIABETES Exercise as intervention of

Running head: EXERCISE AS INTERVENTION OF DIABETES
Exercise as intervention of diabetes
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Executive summary:
The aim of the paper is to provide a concise idea of life style intervention in diabetes. The first part of the paper has discussed about
the background of the study and research question. The second part of the study has discussed the methodology for obtaining the
articles. The third part of the study has discussed the generated themes and how it is complied with NHS domains. The last part of the
study identified different clinical gaps and recommendation for resolving gaps. Lastly, the paper concluded a concise conclusion for
summarizing research work.

Table of Contents
Introduction:................................................................................................................................................................................................4
Aim:.............................................................................................................................................................................................................7
Methodology:...............................................................................................................................................................................................7
Discussion:.................................................................................................................................................................................................10
Effect on weight:....................................................................................................................................................................................10
Effect on diabetes:.................................................................................................................................................................................11
Effect on metabolic profile:...................................................................................................................................................................11
Critically discuss and analyze the knowledge and clinical practice:.........................................................................................................12
Conclusion:................................................................................................................................................................................................14

Introduction:
With the growing prevalence of chronic disease, diabetes has become health issues increases disease burden around the world.
It has been pointed out by Sallam et al. (2017) that more than 80% of population especially in developing nations are diagnosed with
type 2 diabetes. Although aging, urbanization and associated lifestyles change in major determinants are increasing rapidly, an
adverse environment and epigenetic changes contributed to the severity of the disease (Ntuk et al. 2014). This topic is worth studying
becaue considerate numbers of individuals in Asia have high risk of disease where the blood glucose level was above normal. Scheen
(2015) further suggested that more than 60% of people diagnosed with Diabetes around the world live in Asia. This serious situation
has a significantly adverse socio economic impact in the Asian countries and also impacts the global development. According to
Portillo et al. (2015), the two forms of diabetes are often associated with other co-morbid chronic conditions which requires a
significant expenditure on healthcare, as a result of which individuals with diabetes often avoid seeking clinical assistance. Moreover,
research work done on non-pharmacological interventions for the treatment and management of diabetes is very limited. A study by
Roze et al. (2016), suggested changes in the lifestyle such as incorporation appropriate diet and exercise are effective for reduction of
prevalence of the diabetes mellitus. Therefore, this paper will illustrate, background, methodology, and discussion of the identified
issue along with critical appraisal in the following paragraph.
Background:

Globally 415 million individuals are suffering from type II diabetes mellitus with the projected increase to 642 million in 2040
(Scheen 2015). A study by Punthakee et al. (2017), suggested that type two diabetes mellitus more rapidly developed in the nation
where an increased number of aging population, population growth, urbanization, and physical inactivity observed. It was highlighted
by the researchers that the prevalence of Diabetes were the highest in countries such as United States, India and China. A study by
Shah et al. (2015) identified several non-modifiable risk factors for diabetes such as genetic deposition, ethnicity and age group.
However, risk factors like overweightedness, high blood pressure, physical inactivity, and poor diet are modifiable with proper
interventions (Guest et al. 2015). An analysis of three years by health interview survey suggested that Asian Indians were 130%
higher risks of developing diabetes and the majority of the risk factors that were identified for these cases are modifiable (Frick et al.
2014). As discussed by Day et al. (2015), 14% to 35% of the Asian Indians have been reported to have diabetes or symptoms of
developing type II diabetes compared to other Asian groups. The prime reason behind it is that a considerate number of individuals
are leading a sedentary lifestyle with the high-fat diet which not only makes them obese but also increases the possibility of
developing type II diabetes (Bannister et al. 2014). Therefore, lifestyle modifications as the non-pharmacological interventions are
proved to be effective for reducing the prevalence of diabetes. Accumulated evidence highlighted that by implementations of the
lifestyle interventions in the clinical guidelines is proved to be effective since a reduction of 58% of diabetes was achieved from this
intervention (Macedo et al. 2014). On the other hand, positive results were found only for 28.4% of the participants. The price reason
behind it is that only 40% of individuals in the diabetic population adhered to the non-pharmacological interventions and able to
achieve a positive outcome (Garber et al. 2017). Another study also suggested that the intensive lifestyle inventions with the high-risk

factor group only able to show weight reduction after 1 year (Beagley et al. 2014). A Study by Ogurtsova et al. (2017) pointed out that
through physical exercises it is possible to control and regulate blood pressure better and also improve the lipid profile. Another study
suggested that the DPP translation program has taken place in a different clinical setting for the reduction of the prevalence of the
disease (Fisher et al. 2018). Previous studies suggested that an even small weight reduction was observed after the lifestyle
interventions including diet and exercise provide beneficial changes not only in the diabetic population but also amongst patients with
cardiovascular disease (Castonguay, Miquelon and boudreau 2018). The study suggested that these interventions are most effective in
the 18 -60 years patient in South Asian population, especially those with impaired glucose tolerance, high insulin resistance and
fasting glucose (Johnson et al. 2015).
Research question:
In the Asian population at risk of developing T2D, Are Dietary and lifestyle intervention effective in Reduction of less diagnosis of
T2D?
The importance of the study is that upon its, successful accomplishment, the study would help the health professionals for
implementing non-pharmacological interventions such as lifestyle interventions. The significance of the study also includes the
implementation of lifestyle interventions in curing type II diabetes in order to improve health outcome and the global burden of
disease (Johnson et al. 2015). Since approximately more than 60% of the individuals are suffering from the type two diabetes and
have the possibility of developing the disease and pharmacological interventions are not always effective, this research question needs