Effectiveness of Daily Exercise Regimen on Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients

Running head: Nursing 1
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Introduction
This essay aims at determining the effectiveness of a daily exercise regimen on blood pressure
(BP) in hypertensive patients compared with no exercise over 24 weeks. An in-depth literature
review will be carried out to ascertain the potential of the clinical problem and its significance.
This will include evidence-based research based on current evidence. The clinical question will
then be framed using the PICOT elements and each of them explained in addition to providing a
rationale for the selection of the clinical question.
Potential clinical Problem
Hypertension is evident when there is constant blood pressure that is equal or higher than 140
mm Hg systolic or 90 mm Hg diastolic. A recommendation by the Seventh Joint National
Committee (JNC 7) on the appropriate blood pressure levels is 140/90 mmHg in otherwise
healthy adults and 130/80 mmHg or less in the diabetic patient and those diagnosed with acute
kidney disease (Miedema et al., 2015).
Approximately 1 billion people have high BP accounting for 4.5% of the worldwide disease
burden. It is predicted that the prevalence of hypertension is likely to increase notwithstanding
the current interventions to improve life expectancy and quality of care. Blood pressure is a third
factor accounting for the global burden of disease and is directly or indirectly associated with
multiple diseases (Shah, & Mathur, 2010). Studies have also classified BP as a high-risk factor
for cardiovascular diseases with a mortality rate of 7 million annually. The global prevalence of
high BP among adults was 26% in 2000 with developed countries expected to experience an
increase of 24% and 80% for developing countries (Uhlig et al., 2012).
According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS, 2018) survey, 10.6% of Australians had
hypertension with males accounting for 10.5% and females 10.7%. hypertension increases with
age, especially from 35 years. those aged 35-44 years accounted for 4.2% and 12.9% for those
aged 45-54 years and over 75 years 41.5%. The survey also assessed the frequency of blood
pressure measurements among patients diagnosed with high blood pressure in 201-2018. One out
of five Australians with high blood pressure and aged 28 years and above had undergone blood
pressure measurement (ABS, 2018).