Findings and Analysis - Usage of e-Wallets

Contents
Chapter 4 - Findings and Analysis.............................................................................. 2
4.1 Pilot Test Result................................................................................................. 3
4.2 Actual survey test result................................................................................... 4
4.3 Descriptive Analysis for Cross tabulation (Crosstab).........................................6
4.4 Pearson Correlation analysis...........................................................................19
4.5 Descriptive statistic or analyses..............................................................21
Summary of this Chapter.......................................................................................... 25
References............................................................................................................... 27

Chapter 4 - Findings and Analysis
As this research study requires primary finding, this chapter will evaluate all the raw data
collected via an online survey. It is interesting data which enables us to understand the
correspondence towards the acceptance of e-wallet. Before this research, I was rather reluctant to
adopt and accept e-wallet as well as most of my close friends and family members. Our main
fear was due to privacy and security levels. Secondly, I always thought it is difficult to use, cash
and credit cards are so widely accepted therefore why do I need to switch to another payment
transaction method. This has bothered me with the question of how many out there have the
same perception as I do and why there are still people unable to accept the future payment
method which is the e-wallet. We are living in the new edge technology world constantly looking
out for the new release of information technology gadget, such as computers, mobile phones with
latest applications but still, no one has been convinced to become e-wallet users. This the main
reason as to why I would like to explore and understand the knowledge that I might have
deduced in the quest of finding out the real benefits of e-wallet and whether it is a platform that
can meet the user’s expectations.
This primary finding was compiled by conducting a small-scale pilot test with 31 respondents.
Mainly the google survey form disseminates via online applications WhatsApp web to close
friends, colleagues, neighbours and family members. This group of targeted respondents were
approached mainly due to their convenience and the ability to get immediate feedback and
truthful comments. This was then followed by a real survey test targeted at a minimum of 100
respondents. Thereafter the data collected were transferred to SPSS reliability analysis, crosstab
analysis, normality and correlations analysis. The test results compiled from 121 responses with
descriptive analysis and cross-tabulation analysis to evaluate the respondent expectations and

satisfaction through the demographic attributes which aim to address the research study
problem/s.
4.1 Pilot Test Result
The first tabulations of result appear error with an investigation conducted and realized multiple
grid answer caused the error and recomputed with elimination on the multiple grid answer.
According to Cresswell, (2010) the reliability reading of Cronbach’s Alpha value above 0.60
reading considered as moderate. With any result below 0.60 considered low reliability or
correlations and should reinvestigate the entire survey question and answer format. (Schwendel
and Milan, 2020)
Table 4.1 Cronbach’s Alpha reliability statistics on Pilot test result
Variables Cronbach’s
Alpha
Cronbach's
Alpha Based
on
Standardized
Items
N of
Items
Acceptance of e-wallet and
enhancement of services DV 0.628 0.641 7
Security and Privacy
concerns in e-wallet use
IDV 1 - Research objective 1
Security challenges associated
with adoptions of e-wallet
payment method
0.688 0.727 7
Alternative payment method
and e-wallet implementations
IDV 2 - Research objective 2
Evaluate the impact of
alternative payment methods
on e-wallet adoption
-0.508 -0.645 7
Lifestyle influence in e-wallet
use
IDV 3 – Research objective 3
Identify lifestyle feature for e-
wallet services enhancement
0.472 0.607 6

Table 4.1.1 above indicated an overall Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.628 which should be considered
acceptable. An in-depth finding noticed IDV2 result with a negative reading of -0.508 due to
multiple-choice answer and with two-way close-ended format (Yes/No) affected the reliability
results when the majority of the question and answer formatted in the Likert scale method. On
the other data analysis result on IDV3 observed a low factor loading appeared as per table 4.1.2
shown with 0.472 with research objective on Lifestyle influence on -e-wallet use. Pilot test result
demonstrated a low loading result due to the removed 3 multiple choice answers which resulted
in respondents picking few multiple answers at the same time that are unable to be translated in
reliability test. Once the error was observed minor amendments to reconstruct the questions and
changes on answers selections format to be measured in the Likert scale were made. An overall
evaluation conducted across the DV, IDV1, IDV 2 and IDV 3 questions and answers to explore
the possibilities to improve the Cronbach’s Alpha loading to 0.70 as expectation.
4.2 Actual survey test result
Improvement of the reliability test result observed after restructuring the multiple choices
questions and answer learnt from the pilot test. At the same time achieved the expectation which
set Cronbach’s Alpha reliability result to be above 0.70.

Table:4.2.1 Cronbach’s Alpha reliability on Actual test result
Variables Cronbach’s
Alpha
Cronbach's
Alpha Based
on
Standardized
Items
N of
Items
Acceptance of e-wallet and
enhancement of services DV 0.723 0.742 7
Security and Privacy
concerns in e-wallet use
IDV 1 - Research objective 1
Security challenges associated
with adoptions of e-wallet
payment method
0.793 0.812 7
Alternative payment method
and e-wallet implementations
IDV 2 - Research objective 2
Evaluate the impact of
alternative payment methods
on e-wallet adoption
0.723 0.745 7
Lifestyle influence in e-wallet
use
IDV 3 – Research objective 3
Identify lifestyle feature for e-
wallet services enhancement
0.858 0.860 9
Source: Developed from this Research
Table 4.2.1 above shown improvement on reliability test with Cronbach’s Alpha result 0.723
which is a higher reading of reliability from the pilot test. The survey sample collected from a
total of 121 respondents.
The Cronbach ‘s Alpha results between Dependent Variables (DV) and Independent Variables
(IDV's) results indicated a value between 0.723 to 0.858. These represented the relationship
between questions were correlated and this consistency result supported the actual test conducted

considered higher reliability than the pilot test with higher acceptance and closer to the aim to
achieve the objective of this research study.
4.3 Descriptive Analysis for Cross tabulation (Crosstab)
As is known, both descriptive analysis and cross-tabulation are two very different terms. This,
therefore, needs that they must be assessed differently and then later together to get to have a real
understanding of what they mean when intertwined. On the other hand, descriptive statistics is
more of a summary statistics and this summarizes features from a selective dataset in a
quantitative manner. Descriptive statistics summarize a sample and give measures of central
tendencies as well as the frequencies (Sendekie, 2019).
Cross tabulation, quantitatively analyzes the relationship between two or more, otherwise
multiple variables. In cross tabulation, data is divided into different groups before farther
analysis is done and this is where the categorical aspect of cross-tabulation comes in. The
intersection between the two disciplines is that after the categorical split within the dataset in
consideration, then there will be the numerical analysis and the statistical summaries just like in
the descriptive statistics and the case is as shown in the tables that we will be examining below
(Duplantis, C.A., 2020).

4.3.1 Gender perceive Lifestyle
Table 4.3.1 Crosstab analysis on Demographic gender that perceives lifestyle an influencing factor
Lifestyle, as it stands, is the way someone would want to use the said e-wallet platform. There
are different activities, that promote to the lifestyle that the e-wallet mode of payment is being
used for and these include; F&B (food and beverage), dining, clothing and movie ticket/ dining.
In all those activities, that are all conducted by both males and females, it is very evident that

some strongly prefer the use of the said e-wallet mode of payment and then there those that do
not at all prefer the use of the same. These entries though are represented in numbers called
scales and these ranged from the values of 1 to 5, with 1 indicating strongly disagree and then 5
indicating strongly agree. All the entries are nominal entries that are represented by the use of
integers and therefore cannot be average in any way whatsoever. Therefore, due to this, only
percentages will be deduced in the long run. By the cross tab analytical results, it is very clear to
see that more females were taken in for the survey and they stand at a total of 78 against 43 for
men. In that still, there is clear evidence that more people agree that they use e-payments for life-
style payments. Those that agree to stand at 39.7% in total terms and 24% and 25.6% for those
that are neutral and those that strongly agree respectively. The same percentage replications can
be seen from the stands of the females’ section with those that agree being higher, followed by
those that strongly agree and finally those that are neutral. The male section has higher
percentages as those that agree as well as those that are neutral for that matter. The entries that
recorded the smallest percentages include disagree and strongly disagree.
From the realizations of the numerical analysis realized above, it is very evident that more people
prefer using e-wallet for their lifestyle activities.
4.3.2 Age group perceive Privacy
Due the several hacking cases that have been there in the past and that are related to the so many
technological payment options that do exist, privacy to a customer as well as the reliability of the
various platform in terms of security are key factors that most people tend to look into when it
comes to usage of each ready and well existing platform. It just cuts across and it is well evident