SOP515 Fire Safety Measures of the High Rise Buildings in the UK
Added on 2020-05-28
41 Pages9890 Words88 Views
Running head: FIRE SAFETY MEASURES OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGSEnhancement of the fire safety measures of the high rise buildings in the UK andNorthern IrelandName of the Student:Name of the University:Author note:
1FIRE SAFETY MEASURES OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGSAbstractIn current times, it has been a high concern towards fire safety issues in the high-rise buildings inNorthern Ireland due to various incidents. A disaster management expert has put annual fireoutbreak in Northern Ireland at nearly 7000 with the resultant deaths of over 1000 persons. Thereare two hundred and fifty million dollar has been counted as lost annually. On the other hand, theapplications of parametric modules will be helpful to bring regarding the enhancement innational building along with construction process as a part of fire safety engineering. Anevaluation carried out by the high-rise buildings in order to measure along with guidanceadopted. It has been identified that open plan compartments in designing global performance forthe safety measures. Hence, it is important to analyze the importance of improving the fire safetymeasures of the high-rise buildings in Northern Ireland that is achieved in the present research.
2FIRE SAFETY MEASURES OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGSTable of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction.....................................................................................................................51.1Background of the study........................................................................................51.2 Research Aims and Objectives....................................................................................................61.2.1 Aims of the study.....................................................................................................................61.2.2 Objectives of the study.............................................................................................................61.3 Research Questions.....................................................................................................................61.4 Problem Statement......................................................................................................................71.5 Rationale of the study..................................................................................................................8Chapter 2: Literature review...........................................................................................................102.1 Introduction...............................................................................................................................102.2 Risks in high rise buildings.......................................................................................................102.3 Overview of the fire safety measures in high-rise buildings.....................................................112.4 Fire risks assessment process....................................................................................................13Figure 1: Risk assessment chart......................................................................................................132.4.1 Use of the proper materials:...................................................................................................142.4.2 Protection of the fire:..............................................................................................................142.4.3 Risk from wind load:..............................................................................................................152.5 Fire safety measures for high-rise buildings.............................................................................152.6 Summary...................................................................................................................................19Chapter 3: research methodology....................................................................................................203.1 Introduction...............................................................................................................................203.2 Research philosophy.................................................................................................................203.3 Research approach.....................................................................................................................213.4 Research design.........................................................................................................................21
3FIRE SAFETY MEASURES OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGS3.5 Data collection process..............................................................................................................213.6 Data analysis technique.............................................................................................................223.7 Sampling method.......................................................................................................................233.8 Ethical considerations...............................................................................................................233.9 Time period...............................................................................................................................233.10 Summary.................................................................................................................................23Chapter 4: Data analysis and findings.............................................................................................244.1 Introduction...............................................................................................................................244.2 Qualitative analysis...................................................................................................................24Figure 2: Structure fires in hotels and motels.................................................................................25Figure 3: Fire safety measures........................................................................................................26Figure 4: Inspection tasks for fire safety.........................................................................................28Figure 5: Fire statistics in high-rise buildings in London...............................................................314.3 Summary...................................................................................................................................34Chapter 5: Conclusion and recommendations.................................................................................355.1 Conclusion.................................................................................................................................355.2 Recommendations.....................................................................................................................36References.......................................................................................................................................38Appendix.........................................................................................................................................40
4FIRE SAFETY MEASURES OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGSList of tables and figuresFigure 1: Risk assessment chart.........................................................................................14Figure 2: Structure fires in hotels and motels....................................................................26Figure 3: Fire safety measures...........................................................................................27Figure 4: Inspection tasks for fire safety...........................................................................29Figure 5: Fire statistics in high-rise buildings in London..................................................32Table 1: Gantt chart...........................................................................................................41
5FIRE SAFETY MEASURES OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGSChapter 1: Introduction1.1Background of the studyBuildings refers to any permanent or temporary structures enclosed within exterior wallsand having a roof. Tall buildings refer to multi-storey buildings which are supported by lifts orelevators to make to floors accessible. Most high up buildings are called high-rise buildings. Theskyscraper is a very tall high-rise building. The first high-rise buildings were constructed in theUnited States in the 1880s. High-rise buildings were made constructed using steel structuralframes and glass exterior sheathing. Beds of solid rocks are the most desirable base for theseparticular high-rise buildings. They need to withstand the effect imposed by winds and potentialearthquakes. High rise buildings generally include a rather limited range of buildings suited forresidential apartments, hotels, and office buildings, etc. (Craighead, 2009) (Marshall 2017)High rise buildings came into existence in Great Britain after the Second World War.Historical perspectives of high rise buildings in UK started with the Norman invasion in 1066and the construction of the Tower of London by William the Conqueror and his successors. Thefirst residential tower block, "The Lawn" was constructed in Harlow, Essex in 1951. For over ahundred years between 1098 and 1310 the White Tower in the Tower of London was London’stallest structure. It was 90 feet high or 27 meters. Initially, tower blocks were welcomed becauseof their excellent views which made them popular living places (Harvey, 2015).
6FIRE SAFETY MEASURES OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGS1.2 Research Aims and Objectives 1.2.1 Aims of the study The research aims to identify the importance of taking fire safety measures in the high-rise buildings in Northern Ireland. In addition, the study focuses on the risk factors involved inthe high-rise buildings and challenges faced while deploying fire safety measures.1.2.2 Objectives of the study The objectives of the research can be described as followed.To identify how the safety of social tenants in high rise buildings might beenhancedTo identify the risks factors associated with high-rise buildings in NorthernIrelandTo critically analyze the importance of fire safety in high-rise buildings inNorthern IrelandTo find out the challenges faced while deploying fire safety in high-rise building To recommend solutions for overcoming the issues faced for deploying fire safetyin high rise buildings1.3 Research Questions The research questions can be described as followed.What are the risks factors associated with high-rise buildings in Northern Ireland?How important fire safety is in high-rise buildings in Northern Ireland?What are the challenges faced while deploying fire safety in high-rise building?
7FIRE SAFETY MEASURES OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGSWhat are the solutions for overcoming the issues faced for deploying fire safety inhigh-rise buildings?1.4 Problem Statement The first High Rise Building in Northern Ireland was constructed in 1966, the structurewas named after Belfast Divis Mountain, the top of the building was used by British army as anobservation post during the time of sectarian war in Northern Ireland. (Troublesarchive.com 2017)High rise living refer to living of those people who are living in high rise buildings whichhave elevators to reach in destinations. There are both the advantages as well as disadvantages ofhigh-rise living. The main advantages of high-rise living include good location benefits,security,facilities and conveniences,great view of the scenery,underground parking facilities and on-sitemanagement facilities (Smith, 2017). The main disadvantages of high-rise living are not limitedto high risks of fire outbreaks,fatalities resulting from natural disasters, earthquakes threats andother security related issues.The Grenfell Tower fire was a devastating fire incident which started on 14th June 2017 inthe 24th Storey of the Kensington building in West London. The fire was reported at 00:54 BSTwhere 40 fire engines and more than 200 firefighters tackled the fire until 01:14 BST the nextday (over 24 hours) to bring the fire under control. It affected most floors of the building anddestroyed about 151 homes, both within the tower and its surrounding areas. The Grenfel towerwas a residential high rise built in 1974 and contained 120 homes. Renovation of the tower wascompleted by Rydon Construction; including the work of a new exterior cladding, replacement
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