Business Description Fitness Business

FUNCTIONALITY REPORT FUNCTIONALITY REPORT FUNCTIONALITY REPORT 4622-23 46 Functionality Report Name of the Student Name of the University Author Note Task 1 Business Description Business Goals and Objectives In this new business process we will mainly concentrate on the business of the fitness business of the country and the main goal of this business to reach high position in the market. The products and the pricing strategies are as below- Name of the Products Pricing Strategy Home services Hourly Pricing Service Provided in the Centre

Running head: FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
Functionality Report
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Task 1
Business Description
Business Goals and Objectives
In this new business process we will mainly concentrate on the business of the fitness
business of the country and the main goal of this business to reach high position in the
market. The main objective of this current business is to make people physically fit as much
as possible in the country. The short term goal of this business is to reduce the expenses of
the current business process by 5 to 10 per cent within next 1 year time period. In case of
long term goal of the company, it can be stated that the company aims to be in the top 5 list of
this fitness companies in Australia.
Location
The company will mainly operate in the Queensland area and surrounded other cities
of the country.
Marketing Mix of the Company
This fitness business company will deliver the fitness services to the customers that
includes various types of fitness care, diet plan, online exercise chart their customers. While
discussing about the price of the products/ services offered by the company, it can be stated
that the price of those products will be within lower to mid- range so that most of the people
can access the service of the company. Initially the company will start their business in the
Queensland area and after that the company plans to expand their business in all the regions
of the country.

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Pricing Model of the Products/ Services
As the company different types of products/ services to their customers the company
will use different type of pricing for the different kind of products or services. The products
and the pricing strategies are as below-
Name of the Products Pricing Strategy
Home services Hourly Pricing
Service Provided in the Centre of the
Company
Package Pricing
Online Diet and Exercise plan Package pricing
Group Training Hourly Pricing
Target Market
In this regard, it can be stated that the services will mainly target the youth population
of the country as per the data of the Australian Government, it can be stated that a huge
number of youth population is suffering from the problem of obesity and overweight.
According to the data of the Heart Foundation, it is reported that the in the age group of 18 to
24 years, almost 22 per cent of the population are suffering from the problem of obesity. In
case of the age group 25 to 34 years, this overall rate of obesity is almost 33.4 per cent.
Therefore, the main target group customer will be this age group people of Australia (Heart
Foundation 2020).
Competitive Advantages of the Company
The lower pricing of all the services and hourly basis pricing strategy will encourage
the customers to choose this company. According to the study of Huang, Kauffman and Ma
(2015), it is reported that the use of hourly pricing will allow the customers to choose their
services as per their own choice and this liberty is associated with the issue of customer

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satisfaction. Moreover, diverse nature of the services of the company will also encourage the
customers to choose this company.
Industry Trends
The main market players in the fitness business industry in Australia are Fitness and
Lifestyle Group, TopCo Pty Ltd, Anytime Australia Pty Ltd and F45 Aus Hold Co Pty Ltd.
As per the data of the Ibis World, it is reported that within 2022-23 this market will
contribute almost 2.4 billion to the overall revenue of the country and it is reported that in last
five years this industry has grown a lot (IBIS World 2020).
Long Term Plan
For running the business a long period of time, the present company will focus on
using more technology and delivering quality services to their customers.
Business Legislation
Business Set-up Structures
While starting this business in the fitness industry, the company will start this
business alone and there will not be any type of partners or issue of partnerships in this new
business.
Code of Practices
While discussing about the relevant codes of practices in the fitness industry in
Australia, it can be stated that health related legislations, work health and safety legislation,
consumer protection legislation, privacy legislations, laws for protection of the workers
should be followed by the company (Fitness Australia 2014).

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For managing the cultural differences of the clients and workers, the company will
recruit the workers of different cultures and it will help them to overcome the cultural
boundaries of the customers as workers of the same cultures of the customers can work
easily. Therefore, such initiatives will also help the organization to grow (Fitness Australia
2014).
Consumer Protection
As per the Competition and Consumer Act (2010), during conducting and planning
the business, it is the duty of the business organization to reveal all the details such as pricing,
joining fees, cancellation charges, late payment and other related fees, rights and
responsibilities of the fitness company in the consumer agreements (Pearson 2017).
WHS Regulations
According to the Workplace Health and Safety Act 2012, it is the duty of all
employers to provide safe and secure work places to their workers and consumers. In case of
fitness industry, it is very common to use different types of equipment and so the chances of
having accidents are also very common. So, following this act by the company is mandatory
(Bong et al. 2015).
Business Registrations and Licences
As the business operates throughout the country, so licence is required to follow the
regulation and legislation of Australia (Business.gov.au 2020).
Taxation
For discussing about the taxation of the fitness company, it can be stated that the
company needs to pay the company tax, capital gains tax as the company gain capital by

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carrying out this specific business. For keeping the records of the present business the
company must keep all the receipts and invoices of the services which they have offered to
the customers (Australian Government 2020).
Contracts and Insurances
For running the business properly and legally, the company must use agreements so
that they can be legally correct in all aspects of their business. In terms of insurance coverage,
it can be reported that insurance is required in various sections such as health insurance of the
consumers and the service providers, insurance of the equipment used by the professionals,
accident coverage insurance (Business.gov.au 2020).
Environmental Considerations
The company should follow the Environmental Protection Act while running the
business and as per this law it is the duty of the organization to manage any type of wastages
properly so that any damage to the environment can be inhibited (Hobday and McDonald
2014).
Management of Compliances
In order to maintain compliance in the business organization, the company will
arrange regular audit programs and inspections in all the sectors of this business and in case
any flaws are detected by the experts the company will do the needful to act responsibly in
the business market.
Business Risk
Along with the work safety risks of the fitness business, there are various other risks
associated with this fitness business and these may be faced by the trainers during providing

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care to the consumers. In this regard, the issue of cultural disparity can be marked as risk
associated with business operations. In order to mitigate this risk associated with the business
operation, the company may recruit people of different cultures so that they can allocate
trainers to specific customers of the same cultures. While performing the risk analysis of the
company, it can be stated that external risks of the company can be the presence of other
competitors in the market is one of the barriers to enter into the business market of fitness
industry (Perera et al. 2014). Along with costs of the acquiring fitness facilities is another
serious threat to the company that can alter the business growth of the company. According to
the study of Bishop (2014), it is stated that the price sensitivity is a crucial factor the
business players in the market. Therefore, it is stated that the consumers of the Australian
market are very much price sensitive thus a high price of the facilities can restrict the people
to access those services. In order to manage these risks the company must maintain an
affordable price range and it may help the company to sustain in the market. Moreover, in
order to manage the issue of competitors the company the company must maintain the quality
of their services so that the clients automatically opt for their services.
External Risks Internal Risks
Presence of Other competitors Presence of consumers and employees of
different cultures
Cost sensitivity of the customers
Table.1- Risk Analysis of the Market
Establishment Cost
Establishment costs Amount
Cost of building 50,000
Cost of equipment 5,00,000
Legal expenses 3,000
Initial market research related
expenses
15,000
Registration Charges 34
Marketing Costs 3580
Insurnace Costs 30400

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In order to acquire funds for starting this business, the new company will depend on the
independent investors, money from their sponsors, loans from the banks. Moreover the
money may acquire financial loan from the government banks as well.
Marketing Strategies
The company will use an internet marketing strategy, social media marketing and
word of mouth of marketing strategy for their business. As the main target market of this
new business is the youth population of the society, hence the use of the social media and
internet based marketing will be effective as most of the youths are now addicted due to
internet or social media. For the health service in the place of the client word of mouth
strategy will be used. For promoting the new business the company can give discounts to the
services if the consumers book services through their social media page. The low costs to
implement this marketing strategy are the primary reason to use this type of marketing by the
company (Tuten and Solomon 2017).
Performance Analysis
For analysis the performance of the company will consider the fact that whether the
goals set previously is achieved or not. In order to maintain the business sustainability, the
company will maintain the pricing strategy and quality of their services.
Roles and Responsibilities
All the stakeholders of the company should participate in the growth of the company
and as a part of this the organization should take initiatives to engage them in this process.
The management should arrange meetings along with the employees so that they can provide
their viewpoints regarding the improvements of the services. In case of external stakeholders,

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the company should try to know the viewpoints of the customers so they can make changes
according to their needs as well (Scott 2015).
Communication with Staffs
For communicating with the staffs the management should use the E-mail so that all
the information can be shared with them easily.
Monitor and Evaluation
For monitoring and evaluation of the current marketing plans the company may take
follow ups of the reactions of the customers as they are primary stakeholders of the company
and the new business is completely dependent on the client. Following the needs of the
customers will also allow them to improve the issue of customer satisfaction as well (Scott
2015).
Staffing Requirements
We are now looking for an efficient fitness coach for our organization and help to
implement training programs for our clients. As we are new players, in the industry, we are
looking for those who can serve us for a long and make our clients satisfied as per their
needs. We are offering different types of exercise facilities such as fat loss exercise, cardio,
weight loss, body building, diet plan etc. We also have initiated home services for our clients
and so the candidate may have to travel to other places and travel allowances will be
provided. We also plan to hire nutritional experts for our organization as we also provide diet
plans to our clients.
Requirements
Certification in fitness services

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Focus on client satisfaction
Focus on safety of the customers
Ready to travel
Certification in Nutrition
Communication skills
Expertise in equipment handling
Business Operations
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For monitoring the success of the business, the company will analyse the market
reaction and if it is observed that the competitors of the market are doing the same, then it can
be stated that the company is in the right track. Another important parameter of analysing the
success of the business is the cost-per-acquisition (CPA) that is referred to the real return on
the investment of the company. Therefore, it can be stated that if the marketing CPA can be

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reduced then the margin of profit of the company will increase. For assessing the key
performance indicators of the business, the company management will assess the client
retention rate, revenue per client rate, margin of the profit and revenue per session rate can be
examined. In order to evaluate the success of the business, policies and structures of the
organization, the net income ratio can be evaluated (Necsulescu 2015). According to the
study of Purnamasari (2015), it is stated that an improved net income ratio is the indicative
factor for assessing the success as it is the assimilative factor for customer retention,
employee retention, customer satisfaction, quality of the services and so this evaluation
method can be used.
Technological Systems
In order to assist the company in managing stocks, payments, income and expenditure
by using the modern technology, the SAP software can be used by the organization.
According to the study of Legaspi (2019), it is very effective to use this software for
managing the whole business by using this software.
Strategies to Improve Productivity
In order to improve the productivity of the staffs, firstly the problems of the staffs
should be recognized. In order to improve the productivity, motivational sessions and stress
reducing sessions for the workers should be conducted by the management as in various
studies it is reported that the productivity of the workers is hampered due to the work related
stress and job burnout. Hence, such kind of sessions will improve the productivity of the
workers (Harzer and Ruch 2015).
Management of Quality Standards

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For maintaining the quality of the products and services of the company, the company
should invest more in the use of technology as it will help the company to deliver better
quality services to their customers. As a consequence, the level of satisfaction will also
improve due to the improved level services of the organization. Moreover, the organization
should take feedbacks regarding the quality of the services and should take initiatives to
improve their services as per the customers’ needs (Chang 2016).
Review of Business by Using Business Life Cycle
As per the stages of the business life cycle, the company management should review
their business plan at the maturity stage of the business life cycle. According to the study of
Muzellec, Ronteau and Lambkin (2015), it is stated that maturity is the phase in which most
of the business organization review their business process and if there are any flaws in the
business process, the company decides to invest more in new technologies so that there
business can be improved. Therefore, it can be stated that it is the best phase of business life
cycle to review the condition of the business.
Identification of New Business Opportunities
For identification of new business opportunities, the company should analyse the current
market trends and identify the potential competitors of their company. By incorporating this
technique, the company can also incorporate new business ideas in their present idea in order
to capture the new business opportunities (Jansen 2017).

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References
Australian Government, 2020. Australian Business Taxes. Australian Trade and Investment
Commission. Retrieved from- https://www.austrade.gov.au/International/Invest/Guide-to-
investing/Running-a-business/Understanding-Australian-taxes/Australian-business-taxes
[Accessed on 15th Feb 2020]
Bishop, J. ed., 2014. Gamification for Human Factors Integration: Social, Education, and
Psychological Issues: Social, Education, and Psychological Issues. IGI Global.
Bong, S., Rameezdeen, R., Zuo, J., Li, R.Y.M. and Ye, G., 2015. The designer's role in
workplace health and safety in the construction industry: post-harmonized regulations in
South Australia. International Journal of Construction Management, 15(4), pp.276-287.
Business.gov.au, 2020. Register licences and Permits. Business.gov.au. Retrieved from-
https://www.business.gov.au/Registrations/Register-licences-and-permits [Accessed on 15th
Feb 2020]
Chang, J.F., 2016. Business process management systems: strategy and implementation.
Auerbach Publications.
Fitness Australia, 2014. Fitness Industry Regulation. Fitness Australia. Retrieved from-
https://fitness.org.au/articles/latest-industry-news/fitness-industry-regulation/45/464/184
Harzer, C. and Ruch, W., 2015. The relationships of character strengths with coping, work-
related stress, and job satisfaction. Frontiers in psychology, 6, p.165.
Heart Foundation, 2020. Overweight and Obesity Statistics. Heart Foundation. Retrieved
from-https://www.heartfoundation.org.au/about-us/what-we-do/heart-disease-in-australia/
overweight-and-obesity-statistics [Accessed on 15th Feb 2020]

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Hobday, A.J. and McDonald, J., 2014. Environmental issues in Australia. Annual Review of
Environment and Resources, 39, pp.1-28.
Huang, J., Kauffman, R.J. and Ma, D., 2015. Pricing strategy for cloud computing: A
damaged services perspective. Decision Support Systems, 78, pp.80-92.
IBIS World, 2020. Gyms and Fitness Centres Industry Trends (2014-2019).
www.ibisworld.com. Retrieved from- https://www.ibisworld.com.au/industry-trends/market-
research-reports/arts-recreation-services/gyms-fitness-centres.html [Accessed on 15th Feb
2020]
Jansen, W., 2017. New business models for the knowledge economy. Routledge.
Legaspi, D.B., 2019. Effectiveness of Systems Applications and Products (SAP) Business
One in the Inventory Management of CPAC Monier Philippines Inc. International Journal of
Current Innovations in Advanced Research, 2(1), pp.16-23.
Muzellec, L., Ronteau, S. and Lambkin, M., 2015. Two-sided Internet platforms: A business
model lifecycle perspective. Industrial Marketing Management, 45, pp.139-150.
Necsulescu, N., 2015. Multi-channel attribution and its role in marketing investment. Journal
of Digital & Social Media Marketing, 3(2), pp.125-134.
Pearson, G., 2017. Current Issues for Consumer Protection Law in Australia. In Consumer
Law and Socioeconomic Development (pp. 199-208). Springer, Cham.
Perera, N., Keyzer, P., Dietrich, J., Norton, K., Sekendiz, B., Jones, V., Coyle, I. and Finch,
C., 2014. Awareness and use of the adult pre-exercise screening system (APSS) in the
Australian fitness industry. British journal of sports medicine, 48(7), pp.651-651

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Purnamasari, D., 2015. The effect of changes in return on assets, return on equity, and
economic value added to the stock price changes and its impact on earnings per
share. Research journal of finance and accounting, 6(6), pp.80-90.
Scott, D.M., 2015. The new rules of marketing and PR: How to use social media, online
video, mobile applications, blogs, news releases, and viral marketing to reach buyers
directly. John Wiley & Sons.
Tuten, T.L. and Solomon, M.R., 2017. Social media marketing. Sage.

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Task 2
Answer to Question 1
From the posture of the present subject named Jenna, it is observed that the individual
is not in an ideal posture during static standing posture. In this regard, it is very crucial to
mention the age and gender of the individual. Jenna is a 29 year old girl and during the follow
up sessions, Jenna reported that the she feels sore in her neck region and upper back along
with this, sometimes she also feels pain in her hip regions during leaning down to pick
anything from the floor. Therefore, it is reported that it is very crucial to identify the
appropriate postures during her standing condition.
Position of Ear lobe- While assessing the body posture of Jenna, the position of the Jenna’s
ear lobe is very crucial as it is connected with the head position and as she has pain in her
neck region. According to the study of Richards et al. (2016), during the analysis of the neck
posture of an individual, it is very important to fix the position of the ear lobe as any type of
deviation from the centre of gravity (COG) of the body can enhance the muscle tension in the
neck region and the posture must be less deviating from the line of COG.
Anterior Shoulder Joint- In this section the client should maintain such posture so that the
shoulder joints remain in the symmetric posture as much as possible. From the assessment, it
can be stated that the shoulder joint is almost in the right posture (Harvey, Stanton and Young
2014).
Vertebral Bodies of L1-l5- In the vertebral bodies of L1- L5 region, it can be stated that the
patient has the problem of hyperlordosis that is inward curves of the spine at the lower back
region of the body. In case of the ideal position of this region of the body it can be stated that

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the vertebral bodies of L1 to L5 should be in the line of gravity region (Rahmawati and
Sidarta 2016).
Posterior Hip joint- From the lateral view of the posterior hip joint, it can be stated that the
posterior hip joint is almost in the ideal position and it is not associated with any type of
serious harms
Anterior Ankle joint- The ankle joint should be in the same line that is they should be
placed on a straight line to avoid any kind of excessive stress to the muscles of that region. In
this context, the position of the Achilles tendon must be observed. From the analysis of
Jenna, it is observed that, her ankles are not in the same line and it may cause harm to her
overall body postures.
Anterior Knee joint- From the analysis of the knee joints of Jenna, it is stated that the
position of her knee deviated from the line of gravity of her body and thereby may cause pain
in her body. As the knee is forwarded from the actual position, so there is a chances of
stiffness in the hamstring muscles of the body.
Answer to Question 2.
In case of barbell squat, mainly the quadriceps, glutes, adductor magnus, erectors,
upper back and lats, claves, hamstrings and abdominals obliques are involved. Therefore, in
case of Jenna, the chances of getting injured during the performance of barbell squat are very
high. The main reason of having pain due to barbell squat is associated with the existing pain
in the upper back and tight hamstring muscle due to wrong knee joint posture of the body.
Moreover, the pain in the lower back region also enhances the chances of having more in her
body (Bryanton et al. 2015).
Answer to Question 3

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a. In the hip region, the tight muscles of Jenna are ilacus, rectuc femoris and psoas major
and in case of upper body region, the tight muscles are mainly upper trapezius, levator
scapula and major and minor pectoralis muscle. In case of the weak muscles in the
upper body region, it can be stated that they are mainly cervical flexor muscles and
lower trapezius. In case of the hip region the weak muscles are mainly glutes, inner
thigh muscles.
b. For preventing scapula winging, the patient should maintain correct posture and along
with this she should practice exercises for strengthening muscles in the neck, shoulder
and upper arm region of her body. For preventing the cases of hyperlordosis, the
patients should use a pillow or a roller towel so that the lower back can have proper
support as well.
Answer to Question 4.
a. In order to prevent worsening of the present condition of Jenna, she should avoid
abdominal crunches and bar back squat and barbell squat as these involves the use of muscles
of lower back and hip region and thereby can cause more tension to the muscles of the lower
back region of the body.
b. The role of agonist muscle in the process of exercise is associated with the initiation of any
kind of movement and the role of antagonist muscle is associated with the inhibition of
movement of the particular limb of the body. Fixator muscle is associated with the
stabilization of the agonist muscle during the process of exercise. Synergist muscle is
responsible for stabilization of joint around which the muscle movement takes place
(Azmanis, Voss and Hatt 2014).
Answer to Question 5.

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a. Flexibility Exercise- Back flexion stretching, knee to chest stretches
b. Strength Exercises- Lower back rotational, lying lateral leg lifts,
c. Proprioception Exercise- cross over walks, cone pick up
d. Improvement Tips- swimming, maintain correct postures during sitting and standing,
wearing proper footwear, maintenance of healthy weight, walking regularly (Alpaslan, Bekır,
and Adela 2017).
Answer to Question 6.
During the assessment of Jenna, the personal trainer should explain Jenna about his or
her limitation. In this regard, it can be stated that if the condition is not improving in spite of
performing those exercises, then the personal trainer should recommend the patients that is
Jenna to visit the doctor as soon as possible so that the condition can be managed.
7. Interview
In this interview session, the assessor will interview the owner of the company named
Fitnessfrek that is a company engaged in the process of fitness advices to their clients. In this
context it should be mentioned that the company is involved in the fitness and health care
services.
Name of the Trainer- Mr. Brown King
Interviewer: What type of services do you mainly offer?
Mr. Brown: We offer different type of services to our clients in order to make them healthy
and to help them to lead a good life. While discussing about our services, it can be stated that
we mainly delivers different type of physical exercises for different age group people. For
this purpose we also allocate proper trainer to each of our client or each of the client group.

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Not only this, we also have home service in which the client can have our physical fitness
service at their own place. However, it is difficult to use all the equipment we have at our
place as it is very difficult to carry all the things to the client’s place. Hence, I recommend the
client to visit our centre to explore the meaning of fitness in their life.
Interviewer: what types of sports do you offer to your clients?
Mr. Brown- We offer a varieties of sports to our client and it is the main reason of having
such huge amount of client base. Our clients are very much happy with our services and it is
very important to maintain the client base by providing them a good quality services. We also
started to offer mobile fitness training services as well. We generally offer cardiovascular
fitness training, weight loss training, fat loss training, muscle building, flexibility training,
core strengthening and stability training. Along with this, we also care about our clients who
live far and for them we offer online diet and fitness plan.
Interviewer: What is our goal for maintaining your clients for a long period of time?
Mr. Brown- As a part of our business strategy, it is very important to retain our entire client
for a long period of time and in this current market of competition, it is very hard to sustain.
So, it is very important to hold the client base. Although I cannot reveal our business strategy,
still I cannot reveal our complete business. Therefore, the main goal of our company is to
explore the market in the present country and along with this we aim to be number one in the
market within next 5 to 6 year time period. In this context, we have initiated a few plans and
currently working on it. All the new plans and initiatives will be revealed soon.
Interviewer- What is your expectations from your clients?
Mr. Brown- Our clients are the primary focus for our business and I also believe that if we
can deliver quality services to our clients then we can expect them to come back to our

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company again and again. The main goal of our company to deliver best quality services to
them. In order to retain our client, we should also focus on the use of technology use so that
we can have the best quality services in the market. I hope the client will never disappoint us
if we can improve our service all the time.
Interviewer- What will be your tips for marinating the business for a long time and to retain
the clients?
Mr. Brown- The main criteria to sustain in the market is to maintain the service quality.
However, if you ask me to give suggestions to the new business companies I can say that the
understanding the requirements of the customers is the key to gain success in the business.
Moreover, the choosing of the particular target market is also very important as it is directly
associated with the business revenue and so all the new company in the market has to follow
the customers about their wanting. Therefore, another important tips for marinating the
business for a long period of time is to provide a quality services at a lower amount of money
and it will help in gripping the market properly.
Interviewer- How do you manage the risks associated with the business?
Mr. Brown- In order to manage the risks we will use the PESTEL method in order to identify
the external risks of the market and it will also help to take adequate actions to minimize the
risks in the market. So, I will also recommend using this model for handling the risks in the
market.
Interviewer- How they comply with regulations?
Mr.Brown- As a part of this, we follow all the legal regulations of the country and
simultaneously take actions accordingly to maintain the legal aspects all the times.
Interviewer- Please share with us the economic aspects of your business.

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Mr. Brown- While discussing about the economic strategy of our company, it can be stated
that we always try to keep the costs of our services within the range of our customers and
along with this , we also try to keep it low as much as possible without compromising the
quality of our services. So, I can say that keeping price within the affordable range of the
customers is the key of our business.
Interviewer- Please share something about your marketing strategy.
Mr. Brown- We present our products and services to our clients in such a way so that they
can understand our business goal and can join our family easily. Moreover, we always
provide a friendly environment in our fitness centres so that all of our customers can feel easy
and friendly during performing exercises. For valuing our customers who live far from our
centres we started to deliver home services so that each of our customers can access our
services without any charges. Along with this we also provide experienced and efficient
trainers to all of our clients.

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References
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Azmanis, P.N., Voss, K. and Hatt, J.M., 2014. Evaluation of short-term outcomes of
experimental stifle luxation in feral pigeons (Columba livia domestica) treated with a hinged
transarticular external skeletal fixator and physical therapy. International Journal of Applied
Research in Veterinary Medicine, 12(2), pp.157-166.
Bryanton, M.A., Carey, J.P., Kennedy, M.D. and Chiu, L.Z., 2015. Quadriceps effort during
squat exercise depends on hip extensor muscle strategy. Sports biomechanics, 14(1), pp.122-
138.
Harvey, C., Stanton, N.A.D. and Young, M.S., 2014. Guide to methodology in ergonomics:
Designing for human use. CRC Press.
Rahmawati, F. and Sidarta, N., 2016. Higher body mass index and waist cicumference have
correlation with the degree of curvature of hyperlordosis in young adult. Indonesian Journal
of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 5(02), pp.30-37.
Richards, K.V., Beales, D.J., Smith, A.J., O'Sullivan, P.B. and Straker, L.M., 2016. Neck
posture clusters and their association with biopsychosocial factors and neck pain in
Australian adolescents.

23FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
Policies of ACSF
The ACSF health club manual describes their company policies related to the health
and safety of the clients and the confidentiality issues of the client. In this context, it can be
stated that this manual also addresses the employee policy, insurance policy and various other
visions of the organization as well. In this section, the company policy related to the
confidentiality of the clients and health and safety policies of the organization are discussed.
Policy Related to the Work Place Health and Safety
The organization follows the 2011 work health and safety act of the Australian
Government and implements all the requirements according to this act in their organization.
As a part of the employees’ safety, it is stated that the organization believes that it is their
duty to protect all the workers during the work from any type of hazardous incidents and the
organization always try to minimise the chance of accidents in the work places. Along with
this, in order to minimize the risks of accidents during the exercise, the inspection of the
equipment is done a 3 month, 6 month or 12 month time period. All the staffs are responsible
for keeping record of any type of adverse incidents and those will be used for future
references. In order to mitigate the risks of infection in the organization, all the staffs are
required to practice a high level of hand washing practices as well and during cleaning
wearing of gloves is also mandatory for all the staffs. In order to reduce the risks of slip, trip
and fall cases in the organization, the organization make all the areas properly lighten and any
type of broken or disputed equipment are removed as soon as possible. For the emergency
evacuation proper exit points are present in the work place and along with this presence of
adequate number of first aid kit is also present. In order to mitigate the risks of manual
handling in the work places all the staffs of the organization are instructed not to lift any

24FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
larger or heavier components in the work. Moreover, all the work places are covered by
closed circuit cameras so that wellbeing of all the employees can be maintained.
Privacy of the Clients
As a part of the privacy of the client, it can be stated that the all the information
related to the client is protected by the Australian Privacy Act 1988 and along with this all the
documents o of the clients must be stored in a safe and secure place preferably in secured file
room or in an online CRM. Employees are not allowed to access the information of the
clients. The CRM only allows the clients to access their own portal for paying fees, change
address of the members. Any breaching of these policies can cause serious actions against
that individual.
Consultation
Consent Form

25FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
Client Consent Form
te e ogers lient s ro ide infor ed onsent for ealtI…S v R ……………………..…………(c ( )), p v m c h h
s reening fitness testing and e er ise to be underta en on self a no ledge a dut ofc , x c k my . I ck w y
are ust be ta en b t e trainer to ensure onfidentialit and safet of self at all ti esc m k y h c y y my m .
Failure of self to o lete a signed onsent for a result in t e legal rig ts of t emy c mp c m m y h h h
trainer to be oidv .
a no ledge ill be underta ing fitness testing and e er ise t at re uires si alI ck w I w k x c h q phy c
e ertion o e er at an oint a not for ed to do an e er ises t at are onsideredx , h w v , y p I m c y x c h c
unreasonable in t e onte t of t e ir u stan e e a les in lude but not li ited toh c x h c c m c ( x mp c m –
e austion si al inabilit to erfor ertain o e ents feeling si or nauseous ainxh , phy c y p m c m v m , ck , p
and or in ur/ j y).
a e of arti i ant te e ogersN m p c p ……S v R ………………………………………………………
ignature of arti i antS p c p ……………………………………………………..
ateD …xx/xx/xxxx……………………………..

26FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
Client Profile
Athlete / Client Profile Template
a e
N m
te e ogersS v R
ender
G
Male
ent s t lete s e ifi
Ev ( ) – (A h p c c
only)
unningR
s if a li able
PB( ) ( pp c )
NA
geA
26
e elo ental ge
D v pm A
if( U21)
NA
Training ge o long as t e lient been training fo
A (h w h h c
T e lient ad is last training sessions and rh c h h
e ent ears agov 2 y
Ti e ou a e been oa ed
m y h v c ch
ont s6 m h
u ber of training sessions er ee
N m
p w k
sessions er ee5 p w k
Current si al tatus
Phy c S
edentarS y
t er s orts obbies interests
O h p /h /
Football and C lingyc
or ing ool ours
W k /Sch h
or ingW k
u ort fa il friends traine
S pp ( m y, ,
arentsP
si al strengt s and li itations
Phy c h m
i itation
L m
Currentl fa ing ain in t ig us le
y c p h h m c
trengt s
S h
lt oug te e as in ured still eA h h S v w j , h
aintained t e bod eig t t roug outm h y w h h h
t e seasonh
Te ni al strengt s and li itations
ch c h m
NA
Mental strengt s and li itation
h m
trengt s
S h
elf oti ated and goal gS -m v
i itation
L m
a of atien eL ck p c
n ur istor
I j y h y:
te e ad a string n ur t oS v h h m I j y w
ears ago and after t at duringy h
re abilitation ro ess e adh p c h h
in ured i self in t e sa e la ej h m h m p c .
n ot er useful infor ation
A y h
m
T i al Training ee
yp c
W k:
Mon Tues
edW T uh
Fri atS
MA 7-8 7-8
7-8 7-8
7-8 7-8
APSS Pre Exercise Questionnaire

27FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
Fitness Test
Name of the Test Performance Signs
Squat Unable to form pain
Barbell Squat Stopped between the test Pain in the gluteus maximus
Overhead press good Slight pain in the shoulder
joints
Lunge exercise good No pain
Hamstring stretching Unable to perform Pain in the hamstring muscle

28FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
Functional Appraisal
Postural Appraisal
Functional Movement Assessment
Flexibility and Range Motion Appraisal
Functionality Report
Introduction
For performing any type of exercises, it is very crucial to have a proper functionality
of all the muscles of the body and along with this proper movement of the body joints are
also very important. In this regard, it can be stated that for performing any type of exercise in
the field or in the training session, the athlete must have a tremendous level of flexibility
around the joints which are involved in that particular exercise.
In this context, it can be stated that for this current client, there are a few problems
regarding the mobility and flexibility of the muscles and joints of the body. From the postural

29FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
analysis of the client showed that the client has the problem of lordosis as he is slightly
bended towards the forward direction. From the postural and functional movement analysis
of the patient also showed that the client also has various issues regarding the muscle and
joint movements of the body as well.
Restrictions of Movements
From the flexibility testing assessment of the patient it is reported that the flexibility
of the left hip is normal and on the other hand, in case of the right hip the patient complained
about the tightness in his upper groin region of the body. While performing the passive
straight leg raise (SLR) exercise, it was found that the left leg the patient did not feel any type
of pain. However, as the patient had the history of left hamstring injury, so it is observed that
the patient felt pain in his right hamstring during test. However, during the shoulder flexion
exercise, the client did not report about any type of pain in his shoulder region. However,
during the shoulder extension exercise, it was observed that the individual is experiencing
pain in his shoulder joints. During the internal shoulder rotation, the patient also felt tightness
in both of his shoulder joints and the patient was unable to rotate his shoulder completely
without having pain. During the external shoulder rotation exercise, the patient was unable to
rotate his right forearm and complained about tightness. In case of left shoulder, no such
incidents were reported by the patient. During the Apley’s Scratch test it is observed that
right reach under and over both is problematic in nature and the patient felt tightness during
the test. In case of left shoulder no such problems are observed. While analysing the
functional movements of the client, it can be stated that during the performance of the
deadlift exercise, the it is reported that the patient felt pain in his shoulder, lower back and
posterior thigh muscles. Hence, the range of motion can be marked as poor. The technique of
performing this exercise is poor as well. In case of performing the back squat, the pain in the
back muscles are reported by the client himself and along with this, problems were also

30FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
detected during practicing the front squat. While doing lunge exercise, the client stated that
he had problems in right hamstring muscles and related muscles of that region as well. On
the other hand, during practicing overhead press, it is reported that there is severe pain in the
joint region of the shoulder of the patients. The patient did not reported about any type of
pain while performing trunk rotation exercise.
Identification of Muscle Strengths
From the above assessment of the patient, it is stated that in most of the joints and
associated muscles are mainly weak in case of Steve. The back squat exercise shows that the
gluteus Maximus, soleus, and adductor Magnus muscles are weak in that region as those
muscles are involved in the functionality process during the back squat and so it can be stated
that weakness of those muscles can cause. In the continuation of this discussion, it can be
stated that the weaknesses of these muscles also restrict an individual to perform deadlift (da
Silva et al. 2017). In this context, it can be stated that in case of Steve, the weaknesses of
these muscles are also present. According to the study of Bryanton et al. (2015), it is stated
that the weaknesses in the muscles like quadriceps, erector spinane, supraspinatus,
rhomboids, adductor magnus, gastrocnemius, hamstrings, soleus, gluteus maximus,
anterior/lateral deltoids can cause pain in those muscles during the performances of the front
squat. In this case, Steve may have pain in those muscle regions and as a result he is having
pain during front squat. Moreover, during the performance lunge exercise also involves the
use of the above said muscles and so lunge exercise also causes pain in Steve. During the
overhead press, the client stated that there is no pain and so it can be stated that those muscles
are in comparatively better position than that of the other part of the body. The oblique
muscles are also in stronger position as the client did not complain about any pain during
practicing of trunk rotation exercise (Nadzalan et al. 2017).

31FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
Exercises for Improving the Condition
In order to improve the pain during the front and back squat it is very important to
enhance the strengths of those muscles and in this context the strengths of the knee region ,
hamstring muscle, calf muscle, gluteus maximus, quadriceps muscles should be enhanced. In
order to improve the strengths of the hamstring and gluteal maximus muscles standing
hamstring curls and post exercise hamstring stretching can be recommended. In order to
improve the strengths of the quadriceps, calf muscles wall squat, chair dips and step exercises
can be recommended (Berry 2019).
However, if the pain sustains after this exercise intervention, then the client should
consult a doctor as soon as possible.
Conclusion
Therefore, it can be concluded that the weaknesses of the muscles are closely
associated with the restrictions of the bodily movements and thus in order improve the
flexibility and range of motion of the body joints the individual has to perform various
exercises for improving the flexibility.

32FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
References
Berry, J., 2019. How to Strengthen your knee. Medical News Today. Retrieved from-
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325804
Bryanton, M.A., Carey, J.P., Kennedy, M.D. and Chiu, L.Z., 2015. Quadriceps effort during
squat exercise depends on hip extensor muscle strategy. Sports biomechanics, 14(1), pp.122-
138.
da Silva, J.J., Schoenfeld, B.J., Marchetti, P.N., Pecoraro, S.L., Greve, J.M. and Marchetti,
P.H., 2017. Muscle activation differs between partial and full back squat exercise with
external load equated. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 31(6), pp.1688-
1693.
Nadzalan, A.M., Mohamad, N.I., Lee, J.L.F. and Chinnasee, C., 2017. The effects of step
versus jump forward lunge exercise training on muscle architecture among recreational
badminton players. World Applied Sciences Journal, 35(8), pp.1581-1587.

33FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
Task 4
Considering the condition of the present client, it is very important to design proper exercise
and training method for the individual so that the client can reach his goal at the end of the
season. For the client Steve Rogers, the exercise program may be as follows-
Week Frequency Session Mode Duration Intensity
Week
1
2 days in a
week
Monday and
Thursday
Morning Warming up exercise 10 minutes
Evening Warming up and
Stretching
10 minutes 2-4 RPE
Week
4
3 days in a
week
Tuesday
Saturday
Sunday
Morning Warming up exercise
and
Aerobic exercise
15 minutes of
warm up
exercise
followed by
aerobic exercise
for 10 minutes
Afternoon warm up, stretching
exercise
10 minutes of
warming up
followed by 10
minutes
stretching
exercise of low
intensity
2-3 RPE
Week 3 days a week Morning Warming up followed 15-20 minutes 3-4 RPE

34FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
8 Tuesday
Wednesday
Friday
by endurance training
with repetition of 6-8
times with lower
resistance
Afternoon For enhancing
muscular endurance in
the hamstring the
client will start
jogging exercise
10-15 minutes 6 RPE
Week
12
4 days a week
Monday,
Thursday,
Friday and
Sunday
Morning Cardiovascular
endurance exercise
after aerobic exercise
in a low to moderate
intensity
20-25 minutes 6 RPE
Afternoon Cycling or Treadmill
walking in a low
intensity
10-15 minutes 4 RPE
Along with this, the client will also perform a few lifting exercise for improving the condition
of the shoulder joints and related muscles of that region. In this regard, it can be stated that
the client may perform bench press, squat at low to moderate intensity. The main goal of this
fitness session is to improve the flexibility and range of motion of different body joints of this
present client. From the case history of the patient, it is quite evident that the paint has pain in
his right hamstring and problems in his right shoulder region (Ribeiro et al. 2014). As the

35FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
client wants to get back in the field, hence the above exercise may be helpful for the client.
For maintaining the safety of the patients, the trainer should monitor all the training sessions
properly and in case if the client feels pain any point of time, the exercise process must be
stopped instantly as it may hamper the condition again (Harrison and Johnston 2017). For
motivating the client in the exercise the trainer may write down all the goals and then in the
exercise area so that the client can easily observe it regularly and along with this, the trainer
should give continuous reminder to the client so that he can motivate himself for winning the
championship of running events (Hancox et al. 2018). While discussing about the time frame
of the exercise program, it can be stated that the within the first 4 week the client will work
on the aerobic exercises for improving the respiratory capacity of himself and there after the
client will focus on improving the endurance and flexibility of the joints located in different
parts of the body.
2. Programming
1.1 Periodization Table
Training Session
Training Session 1
Training Session 2

36FUNCTIONALITY REPORT

37FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
References
Harrison, P.W. and Johnston, R.D., 2017. Relationship between training load, fitness, and
injury over an Australian rules football preseason. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning
Research, 31(10), pp.2686-2693.
Hancox, J.E., Quested, E., Ntoumanis, N. and Thøgersen-Ntoumani, C., 2018. Putting self-
determination theory into practice: application of adaptive motivational principles in the
exercise domain. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 10(1), pp.75-91.
Ribeiro, A.S., Romanzini, M., Dias, D.F., Ohara, D., da Silva, D.R., Achour Jr, A., Avelar, A.
and Cyrino, E.S., 2014. Static stretching and performance in multiple sets in the bench press
exercise. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 28(4), pp.1158-1163.

38FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
Task 5
Client Session
In this section, the trainer will take sessions in the training area and thereby provide
instructions to the client as well. In this formal session, the trainer will also visit the work
place in order to detect any kind of hazards present in the work places and thereby helps in
the safety improvement of the client as well. For client’s sessions, following criteria can be
used and the details of the training sessions are as below.
Client Session 1
Inspection
of the
Training
Area
Safe Use of
the
Equipment
Session
Objective
Instructio
n for the
session
Safety,
intensity
and
Technique
Motivation Client
Feedback
Traini
ng
Diary
During the
inspection,
all the
equipment
are placed
in the
proper
place and
along with
this, it is
also
reported
that all the
equipment
are well
functioned
.
The trainer
demonstrat
ed the use
of all the
equipment
properly
and in case
of the
bench press
exercise the
trainer did
the exercise
himself as
well.
The main
objective
of this
session is
to
enhance
the
endurance
level of
the body
and
thereby
improvin
g the
injury
condition
of the
hamstring
muscle.
In case of
any type of
pain during
the training
sessions,
the client
will
immediatel
y stop the
exercise
and inform
the trainer
as soon as
possible.
During the
safety
monitoring
of the
client, it is
found that
the client
is
performing
the leg
press
exercise at
a higher
intensity in
spite of
having
proper
instruction
s. Along
with this,
wet floor
is also
found in
the
training
area. The
For
motivating
the client
the trainer
may write
down the
session
goals and
goals of the
client and
thereby
place it in
the training
area so that
the client
can easily
notice that.
The client
provided
positive
feedback
in all parts
of the
training
and the
client
believes
that he is
in the right
track for
achieving
his goal.
The
trainer
instruct
ed that
the
client
must
have a
training
diary so
that he
can
manage
his
training
regularl
y.

39FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
technique
of the
performing
the
exercise is
immediatel
y corrected
by the
trainer and
for the wet
floor the
trainer also
took
required
action to
mitigate
this risks
in the
exercise
area.
Client Session 2
Inspection
of the
Training
Area
Safe Use of
the
Equipment
Session
Objective
Instructio
n for the
session
Safety,
intensity
and
Technique
Motivation Client
Feedback
Traini
ng
Diary
During the
inspection,
all the
equipment
are placed
in the
proper
place and
along with
this, it is
also
reported
that all the
equipment
are well
functioned
.
All the
equipment
are used
properly
used by the
client in the
exercise
area.
The main
objective
of this
session is
to
enhance
the
endurance
level of
the body
and
thereby
improvin
g the
injury
condition
of the
hamstring
muscle.
After that
In case of
any type of
pain during
the training
sessions,
the client
will
immediatel
y stop the
exercise
and inform
the trainer
as soon as
possible.
After the
first
session,
the client
is now
performing
the leg
press
exercise in
a proper
method
and the
issue of
wet floor
is also
resolved.
For
motivating
the client
the trainer
may write
down the
session
goals and
goals of the
client and
thereby
place it in
the training
area so that
the client
can easily
notice that.
The client
admitted
that the he
felt pain
during the
leg press
exercise
and that is
why he
has
stopped
the
exercise
immediate
ly.
The
trainer
reporte
d that
the
client is
maintai
ning
the
training
diary
properl
y.

40FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
eventuall
y, the
muscle
strengths
of the
client will
be
enhanced
so that he
can take
part in the
running
events.
Summary
After the two sessions with the client it is the duty of the trainer to self-evaluate the
performances of him so that the trainer can help the client in achieving his goal. In this
regard, it can be stated that the client is having problem during the performances of the leg
press and so he stopped this exercise immediately. According to the study of Bily et al.
(2016), it is quite possible to have pain in the leg during the performance of the leg press
exercise if an individual has the history of hamstring injury and calf muscle injury. The study
identified that in the painful condition, the continuation of the leg press exercise may worse
the condition of hamstring muscle injury among the athletes. Therefore, it is very effective to
stop such type of exercise in painful condition. As a part of the exercise modification, it can
be stated that, the trainer instructed to stop the leg press exercise and instructed him to
perform only treadmill running and jogging exercise till the issue of pain is resolved
(Miokovic et al.2014).
While discussing about the sessions with the client, it can be stated that the trainer is
successful in improving the techniques of the client after the sessions. However, initially, in
spite of having proper knowledge regarding the exercise process, the client is doing the
exercise in a wrong method. Hence, it can be marked as a negative aspect of the client

41FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
session. Along with this, from the training session, it is also observed that the trainer is also
not present in the training sessions throughout the process and it is also negative aspect of the
training session. On the other hand, while discussing about the positive aspects of the training
sessions, it can be marked that after identifying the issue in the training session, the trainer
properly performed the exercise in front of the exercise so that the client can actually
understand the proper process of performing that exercise. This practical performance of
exercise by the instructor will help the client and he also can note down the errors in his
training diary. Another positive aspect of the training session is that the trainer identified the
environmental hazard that is presence of wet floor in the exercise room and it may possible
that due to the presence of wet floor in the exercise area, the client may face the issue of slip
and fall. According to the study of Di Pilla (2016), it is quite possible that the presence of wet
floor in the working area is associated with fall cases. Therefore, after identifying the hazard
in the exercise room, the trainer took proper initiative to improve this condition.
In the follow up session, the client performed better and he did as per the instructions
of the trainer and as a part of this the client immediately stopped the leg press exercise when
he felt pain in his leg. Along with this, the trainer also found that the client is doing the bench
press exercise in a proper technique as well.

42FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
References
Bily, W., Franz, C., Trimmel, L., Loefler, S., Cvecka, J., Zampieri, S., Kasche, W., Sarabon,
N., Zenz, P. and Kern, H., 2016. Effects of leg-press training with moderate vibration on
muscle strength, pain, and function after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled
trial. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 97(6), pp.857-865.
Di Pilla, S., 2016. Slip, trip, and fall prevention: A practical handbook. CRC Press.
Miokovic, T., Armbrecht, G., Gast, U., Rawer, R., Roth, H.J., Runge, M., Felsenberg, D. and
Belavý, D.L., 2014. Muscle atrophy, pain, and damage in bed rest reduced by resistive
(vibration) exercise. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 46(8), pp.1506-1516.

43FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
Task 6
Recommendations
After reviewing the client sessions, a few recommendations can be made for the
improvement of the condition of the client. In this regard, it can be stated that the level of
cardiovascular exercise should be enhanced as in various studies, it is reported that the
application of cardiovascular exercises are very effective in improving the overall
performances of the athletes. According to the study of Gharbi et al. (2015), it is stated that
the performances of the athletes are dependent on the cardiovascular ability of the runners
and during the events like running and football the incidents of repetitive sprint is very
common. In this case, as the client wants to take part in the running events and in near future
he also wants to play football professionally, so the endurance of the cardiovascular system
needs to be improved. In this present study by Gharbi et al. (2015), it was reported that there
was a positive correlation in between the repetitive sprint movement and the vo2 max of the
study participants and along with this the researchers also reported that the application of
cardiovascular endurance enhancing exercise in the training schedule of an athlete helps the
individual to recover quicker than that of the individual who has lower level of endurance.
The main reason behind this mechanism is associated with the fact that the improvement of
the cardiovascular endurance helps to resist the fatigue and blood lactate accumulation during
the performances of high intensity exercises in the running and thus the athlete or the
individual recover more quickly than others. As a part of this endurance training, the trainer
can recommend swimming, brisk walking and jogging for a long period of time. After two to
three weeks, the client may start to climb stairs as it will help to improve the range of motion
of the knee joints of the client as well. As a part of dietary habits of the athletes, it can be
stated that due to the sedentary lifestyle for last two year, the client named Steve Rogers lost
his practice to follow proper diet and so it is very important to modify the diet according his

44FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
choice of sports. According to the study of Zydek et al. (2014), it is stated that the choice of
diet by the sports person or the athlete is completely dependent on the type of sports.
Generally the sports person who involved in high intensity athletic events (Vo2 max higher
than 80%) should take high carbohydrate diet. Therefore, for this client, the trainer should
suggest for high carbohydrate diet as Steve Rogers is planning for taking part in short
distance running events and football game.
Future Modifications
For the future modifications of the client’s training plan, it can be stated that the after
achieving appropriate cardiovascular endurance and improved range of motion in the knee
joints, the trainer should set goal for the next 3 months, 6 months and 12 months. Within, the
first three months of the training sessions, the shoulder stretch, sling exercises will be
performed by Steve Rogers. According to the study of Linek et al. (2016), it is reported that
application of sling exercises among the athletes is associated with the improvement of the
functional movements of the body joints along with the lower amount of injury cases among
the athletes. Therefore, it can be stated that this exercises can be used in case of this client. At
the end of 6 months, the goal of this client is to start the high intensity training for the running
events and in case of end of 12 month, the goal of the client is to take part in the competition
and to be successful in the race.
Review of Own Performance
While discussing about the performance of the trainer, it can be stated that the overall
performances of the trainer is good according to the feedback of the client. However, the
trainer himself found a few flaws in his own performances. As a part of this, it can be stated
that the trainer should monitor the performances of client as he is already injured and is trying
to recover from the injury. So, it is the duty of the trainer to help him out from his injury and

45FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
help him to achieve his goal. As a trainer, in future I will definitely take care about this issue
and will monitor the training sessions completely.

46FUNCTIONALITY REPORT
References
Gharbi, Z., Dardouri, W., Haj-Sassi, R., Chamari, K. and Souissi, N., 2015. Aerobic and
anaerobic determinants of repeated sprint ability in team sports athletes. Biology of
sport, 32(3), p.207.
Linek, P., Saulicz, E., Myśliwiec, A., Wójtowicz, M. and Wolny, T., 2016. The effect of
specific sling exercises on the functional movement screen score in adolescent volleyball
players: a preliminary study. Journal of human kinetics, 54(1), pp.83-90.
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