Global Management Perspective for Nintendo: A Comparative Study of USA, UK and Japan

This project assesses the various questions related to the multinational video gaming company Nintendo in relation to the countries that include United States, United Kingdom and Japan. It compares the institutional structure of these three countries to determine if they promote globalization and evaluates the nations where the chosen company does business according to their rank in Hofstede’s cultural dimensions.

Running head: GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
Global management perspective
Name of the student
Name of the university
Author note

2GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
Introduction
The company that is chosen for this particular project is Nintendo that can be held as
one of the largest multinational consumer electronics and gaming company. The headquarter
of the company is situated in Kyoto. The company is considered to be one of the largest video
game companies and it is famous for creating some of the most popular and top selling
franchises for the video games, like Mario, The Legend of Zelda and Pokemon. The
following project would assess the various questions that is related to the multinational video
gaming company in relation to the countries that includes United States, United Kingdom and
Japan. This includes the overview of the process of the way the countries do the trade and the
way the products are outsourced.
Compare the institutional structure of these three countries to determine if they
promote globalization, i.e., (a) are their political institutions transparent and (b) do they
have a functioning judiciary system?
The United States of America, the United Kingdom and Japan advocate the concept of
globalization. Nevertheless, apart from the United States and the United Kingdom, Japan
follows a conservative perspective towards its community and are usually conscious about
the hierarchical position the prevails within such society. The political institutions signify
transparency and are generally driven by the factors like achievement, success and
competition. On the other hand, the United States and the United Kingdom are of the opinion
that the prevalence of inequality amongst people is something that should be eliminated for
the better progress of the society altogether.
One striking common features between the three nations that is, the United States,
United Kingdom and Japan is that the judiciary sys tem of these nations are effective in
carrying out it responsibilities. The High Court, District Court, Family Court, the Supreme

3GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
Court and the Summary Court are the five forms of courts that operate in Japan. It is believed
that the judiciary system of Japan is similar to the judiciary system of the United States of
America. However, the judicial system of the United Kingdom is more wide and include
varieties compared to that of the judicial systems of the United States and Japan. This is
evident from the variety of additional courts that operates within the United Kingdom. Such
courts include the Magistrate Court, the Coroners Court, the Crown Court and the
Ecclesiastical Court.
Would your company be better off under a system of multilateral trade liberalization
like the WTO, or with bilateral or regional trading blocs?
The company would get better with a liberalization of the trade like WTO as
they would help the trade throughout the flow of the world smoothly. This provided the
members with the fair methods in order to settle the disputes related to the trade, so that they
do not have to resort to the harmful measures like the war (Dutt, Mihov & Van Zandt, 2013).
On the contrary this is not necessary that the trade blocs are not helpful. They are helpful as
they remain within a geographical location that usually reduces any kind of barriers that is
related to the tariffs that are exported and therefore considered to be better (Khandelwal,
Schott & Wei, 2013).
If you were visiting a foreign country to negotiate a transaction on behalf of this
company, what cultural knowledge would you need to gain before the visit? How and
from where would you get the information?
The culture of the foreign country is the most important thing in this context. For a
video gaming company like Nintendo, the international market has a huge preference towards
the quality. Apart from this the language is an important factor. It is important in the field of

4GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
negotiation. The ethics and the value makes an impact towards the international business. The
factors like region, ethnicity, race and region should be taken into consideration in this
situation (Tang, Snowden, & Höök, 2013).
Do you believe that the three countries under consideration practice policies that
promote globalization? For example, what are those countries’ policies toward (a)
governance, (b) competitive markets, (c) property rights, and (d) corruption?
The term globalization is become a serious issue now days and there are three
countries who are promoting the commencement of the issue. The names of the countries
have been mentioned in early context. However, governance plays an important role in this
case regarding the foreign policy challenges. When talking about the factor of bloodthirsty
markets, all the three countries mentioned are in top of the most ready for exploit markets list
in the world. Property rights are recognized and imposed in all the mentioned countries
(Scaglioni-Solano & Aragón-Vargas, 2014). Property can be rented or leashed sub-lease is
not justifiable with the consent of the owner. It is debatable whether globalization has
actually made corruption even inferior. As research shows that, some businesses in
developing economics have furthered.
Determine whether your company is a producer of goods or services. What are the
major products and/ or services provided by your company? Are those outputs sold
only domestically or are they also exported?
It has been proved from the case study that Nintendo is the producer of goods. They
have ripen off their hands in the businesses like cab or hotel sectors. According to the case, it
has been observed that the company has started up one gaming plan and change the idea of
gaming all over. The company has started their own playing card business and developed
their own business and system hardware. After then, they have developed various consoles

5GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
based on their games and after that; they have started to manufacture for arcades (Condry,
2013). The success that followed gave Nintendo a huge boost, which in turn led to create
iconic franchises like Mario and Donkey Kong. The company saw the major success that
their games created, from the 1980s, they started outsourcing their products internationally,
and they are widely acclaimed right through the world.
Do these products and services face tariff or non-tariff barriers in the target export
markets? What are the tariff rates or non-tariff barriers imposed on these items?
The term tariff has been mentioned in this case. Tariff is a kind of tax, which is generally
imposed on a product. There are certain goods exported in various countries and sell in a
higher rate from where the seller has earned much profit. In Nintendo’s case, certain tariff has
been imposed on the cost of the consoles, as major parts of the instruments are made of
Japan. Further, certain ground rules have been implemented by the government on the ground
that demand of the products are international in nature and is rare in certain countries (Egger
at al., 2015).
Identify regional trading blocs with which your chosen company operates as well as the
benefits that your company gains because it is part of those trading blocs.
All the countries that have been discussed in the previously mentioned paragraphs are
engaging them to pay for the importing process and exporting certain kinds of goods in
various countries. Japan is also not an exception to this rule. Many of its products are
exported in USA, UK or other states. Due to the trade bloc system, the process of trading
becomes simple.
Evaluate the nations where the chosen company does business according to their rank
in Hofstede’s cultural dimensions.

6GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
It has been observed that Nintendo operates in more than 30 countries across Europe,
Asia Pacific regions and in America. Each of the nations has a score in Hofstede’s cultural
dimension scale depending on the 6 major aspects which are individualism, masculinity,
power distance, uncertainty advantage, indulgence and long term orientation. The table
exhibits the scores which were derived from hofstede-insights.com (hofstede-insights.com,
2018):
Country Power
Distanc
e
Individualis
m
Masculinit
y
Uncertaint
y
Advantage
Long term
Orientatio
n
Indulgenc
e
USA 40 91 62 46 26 68
Canada 39 80 52 48 36 68
Mexico 81 30 69 82 24 97
Brazil 69 38 49 76 44 59
Japan 54 46 95 92 88 42
South
Korea
60 18 39 85 100 29
Taiwan 58 17 45 69 93 49
Hong Kong 68 25 57 29 61 17
Australia 36 90 61 51 21 71
New
Zealand
22 79 58 49 33 75
Austria 11 55 79 70 60 63
Belgium 65 75 54 94 82 57

7GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
Czech
Republic
57 58 57 74 70 29
Denmark 18 74 16 23 35 70
Germany 35 67 66 65 83 40
Spain 57 51 42 86 48 44
Finland 33 63 26 59 38 57
France 68 71 43 86 63 48
Greece 60 35 57 100 45 50
Hungary 46 80 88 82 58 31
Italy 50 76 70 75 61 30
Netherland
s
38 80 14 53 67 68
Norway 31 69 8 50 35 55
Poland 68 60 64 93 38 29
Portugal 63 27 31 99 28 33
Russia 93 39 36 95 81 20
South
Africa
49 65 63 49 34 63
Sweden 31 71 5 29 53 78
Switzerlan
d
34 68 70 58 74 66
UK 35 89 66 35 51 69
Ireland 28 70 68 35 24 65

8GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
Examples of how managers of US would be modifying her or his behavior while
communicating with the executives hailing from different countries
In order to communicate with executives who come from numerous other nations, a manager
who hails from United States should be able to understand the culture of the countries from
which those people hail. And the manager should have the ability to develop a cultural
competency in order to interact with those individuals.
Evaluate the nations where the chosen company does business according to their rank
in Hofstede’s cultural dimensions.
It has been observed that Nintendo operates in more than 30 countries across Europe,
Asia Pacific regions and in America. Each of the nations has a score in Hofstede’s cultural
dimension scale depending on the 6 major aspects which are individualism, masculinity,
power distance, uncertainty advantage, indulgence and long term orientation. The table
exhibits the scores which were derived from hofstede-insights.com (hofstede-insights.com,
2018):
Country Power
Distanc
e
Individualis
m
Masculinit
y
Uncertaint
y
Advantage
Long term
Orientatio
n
Indulgenc
e
USA 40 91 62 46 26 68
Canada 39 80 52 48 36 68
Mexico 81 30 69 82 24 97
Brazil 69 38 49 76 44 59

9GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
Japan 54 46 95 92 88 42
South
Korea
60 18 39 85 100 29
Taiwan 58 17 45 69 93 49
Hong Kong 68 25 57 29 61 17
Australia 36 90 61 51 21 71
New
Zealand
22 79 58 49 33 75
Austria 11 55 79 70 60 63
Belgium 65 75 54 94 82 57
Czech
Republic
57 58 57 74 70 29
Denmark 18 74 16 23 35 70
Germany 35 67 66 65 83 40
Spain 57 51 42 86 48 44
Finland 33 63 26 59 38 57
France 68 71 43 86 63 48
Greece 60 35 57 100 45 50
Hungary 46 80 88 82 58 31
Italy 50 76 70 75 61 30
Netherland
s
38 80 14 53 67 68
Norway 31 69 8 50 35 55
Poland 68 60 64 93 38 29
Portugal 63 27 31 99 28 33

10GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
Russia 93 39 36 95 81 20
South
Africa
49 65 63 49 34 63
Sweden 31 71 5 29 53 78
Switzerlan
d
34 68 70 58 74 66
UK 35 89 66 35 51 69
Ireland 28 70 68 35 24 65
Examples of how managers of US would be modifying her or his behavior while
communicating with the executives hailing from different countries
In order to communicate with executives who come from numerous other nations, a manager
who hails from United States should be able to understand the culture of the countries from
which those people hail. And the manager should have the ability to develop a cultural
competency in order to interact with those individuals.
Evaluate the nations where the chosen company does business according to their rank
in Hofstede’s cultural dimensions.
It has been observed that Nintendo operates in more than 30 countries across Europe,
Asia Pacific regions and in America. Each of the nations has a score in Hofstede’s cultural

11GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
dimension scale depending on the 6 major aspects which are individualism, masculinity,
power distance, uncertainty advantage, indulgence and long term orientation. The table
exhibits the scores which were derived from hofstede-insights.com (hofstede-insights.com,
2018):
Country Power
Distanc
e
Individualis
m
Masculinit
y
Uncertaint
y
Advantage
Long term
Orientatio
n
Indulgenc
e
USA 40 91 62 46 26 68
Canada 39 80 52 48 36 68
Mexico 81 30 69 82 24 97
Brazil 69 38 49 76 44 59
Japan 54 46 95 92 88 42
South
Korea
60 18 39 85 100 29
Taiwan 58 17 45 69 93 49
Hong Kong 68 25 57 29 61 17
Australia 36 90 61 51 21 71
New
Zealand
22 79 58 49 33 75
Austria 11 55 79 70 60 63
Belgium 65 75 54 94 82 57
Czech
Republic
57 58 57 74 70 29
Denmark 18 74 16 23 35 70
Germany 35 67 66 65 83 40

12GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
Spain 57 51 42 86 48 44
Finland 33 63 26 59 38 57
France 68 71 43 86 63 48
Greece 60 35 57 100 45 50
Hungary 46 80 88 82 58 31
Italy 50 76 70 75 61 30
Netherland
s
38 80 14 53 67 68
Norway 31 69 8 50 35 55
Poland 68 60 64 93 38 29
Portugal 63 27 31 99 28 33
Russia 93 39 36 95 81 20
South
Africa
49 65 63 49 34 63
Sweden 31 71 5 29 53 78
Switzerlan
d
34 68 70 58 74 66
UK 35 89 66 35 51 69
Ireland 28 70 68 35 24 65
Examples of how managers of US would be modifying her or his behavior while
communicating with the executives hailing from different countries

13GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
In order to communicate with executives who come from numerous other nations, a manager
who hails from United States should be able to understand the culture of the countries from
which those people hail. And the manager should have the ability to develop a cultural
competency in order to interact with those individuals.
Determine whether your company is a producer of goods or services. What are the
major products and/ or services provided by your company? Are those outputs sold
only domestically or are they also exported?
Nintendo is a producer of goods. However, initially they tried to do many business for
example, the business of cabs and hotels. It was after the 1980’s that the organization turned
out to be one of the giants in the industry of video games. This changed the industry of
gaming all over the world. They6 initially started this with a playing card company and it was
from the mid-70s that they started producing their own hardware and their own console
games. They then started to develop various consoles that are based on their games and after
that they started to produce for the arcades (Condry, 2013). The success followed gave the
company a huge boost that turned out in the creation of the iconic Franchises like Mario and
Donkey Kong.
Briefly describe what you perceive are the risks of corruption, such as paying bribes,
that your selected company might face in these countries.
The practice of bribery and corruption can result as the disadvantages for the
companies those are willing to practice the ethics of their business and those who can give the
undue advantages to the companies with the unethical and the illegal practices. These have a
diverse effect.

14GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
Determine your company’s mode of entry into foreign markets. This should be based
upon a serious analysis of your company’s risk-return tradeoff.
The entry into the foreign markets can be determined by the ratio of the risks in order
to return from the operating from the country. This ratio gets affected by the factors like the
corruption index, the trade laws and the Hofstede Cultural Dimensions. The organization
gives license of the products in the foreign countries in order to capture the market.
In your opinion, has your company taken the right approach?
I believe that the approach that has been taken by Nintendo in order to capture the
foreign markets through Licensing is justified and effective.
Does your company have an exit strategy? Recall that exit strategies are to be
determined before entry into the foreign market, rather than after entry
Nintendo uses an exit strategy in order to maximize the benefits and minimize the
losses. The aim behind it is to sell the copyrights to the products.
Critically and objectively evaluate how ethical your company’s global operations are
and determine if they are good corporate citizens (i.e., do they have a well thought-out
corporate social responsibility program for the long term?).
Nintendo have promised to maintain the ethical standards in the operations of the
manufacturing unit (gamesindustry.biz, 2018). It follows the American Code of Conduct that
determines the way the organization manages the Conflict of Interest, Insider Trade,
Antitrust, Forign Corrupt Practices Act, Act of Bribery and the similar acts (.nintendo.com,
2018).
What is the corporate mission statement of your target company, assuming it has one?

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The organization is strongly aiming towards producing and marketing the best
products and supporting the services that can be availed. The organization also concentrates
on the satisfaction of the customers by treating them with respect. They aim at developing a
positive environment.
How well do the company’s actions adhere to its stated mission?
The company is renowned for their quality that has dedicated a base of customers.
This clears the fact that the company is able to adhere to its mission.
With respect to its strategy formulation, would you categorize your company as a
shareholder model or a stakeholder orientation? Why?
It can be stated that the company can be categorised as a stakeholder oriented
organization. The fact behind this is that they can involve the customers who have an interest
in high performance of the company.
Is the company a stateless corporation? If not, is the company on its way to becoming a
stateless corporation?
It is a multi-national company that operates in more than 30 countries.
What type of organizational structure is the company currently using?
It uses the system of corporate governance in order to monitor and inform the
business practice (nintendo.com, 2018).
Do you think the company may benefit from a hybrid or matrix structure? Why or why
not?
I think that the company can benefit more form a matrix structure as it would initiate
two different chains of command, one is horizontal and the other is vertical.

16GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
Does your company have labour unions and do they cover the employees by collective
bargaining agreements? Does any of those employees work outside the United States?
There is a great range of Nintendo products that includes the likes of 3Ds and the
Amiibo toys. These are being manufactured in China. The products finally reach in America
through the by cargoes via the West Coast. One of the big labour union that is being operated
in the area of China is formed by the Dock workers of Nitendo. According to Aloupis et al.
(2015), there is a popular forum that is linked with the Nitendo Corporation and that is the
NeoGAF. This is known to be a gamer’s forum. This gamers are passionate about the
Nitendo games. There are different members who forms a basic part of the program. This
include the members of the progressive nations of America, Asia and Europe. They strictly
begrudged the dropping out of Alison Rapp on the ground of Corporate Ethics. There are
other forum of members that comprises of the people who belong to the political as well as
apolitical backgrounds. They are a part of USA and they are within the regime of the USA.
Does your company employ expatriates in any overseas operations it might have? If so,
what resources does the company provide to train expatriates before they go to the
foreign location. Does the company also provide training or support for expatriates
during the repatriation phase?
The process of expatriating the employees is a common factor for the Nitendo in
America. The game designing centres that is being operated in Japan prefer posting the
Japanese expatriates there itself. Japan and China were considered to be the most overseas
expatriates, needed the resources such as the communication training. The organization takes
the effort to maintain a stable congregation of the managers who have the capacity of
acquainting with the work that is prevalent in foreign cultures. The organization recruits
people as HR form the home country itself. It enables the HR department to reflect the skills

17GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
of the, employees in a better way. It is during the repatriation phase that the employees are
provided with a technical training to the other employees majorly so that they are able to
update to the standards of the work of the company.
To what extent, or in what ways, does your company use the Internet for employee
training and development?
The company uses the new platform of Nintendo in order to train the employees.
They have the belief that since most of the people are acquainted with the facility of the DS,
the training time can be put to half by using this. The employees learn the games and other
developmental course during the seasoning period in the organization. In such cases they seek
help for the internet. According to Bower et al. (2014), the monitoring of the learning of the
employees is done over the internet itself. There is a chart forum that is followed by the
employees all over the world.
What products are sold in the company’s international markets? Do they vary by
country or by region?
The gaming consoles of Nintendo, have concentrated more on the needs of the
gaming for the kids, those were aged under 12 years old. It was noticed that the elders were
accustomed of enjoying the gaming in their PCs, tablets and in their mobile phones. On the
contrary, the Wii U facility of gaming was not made that popular in China. The Super Mario
gaming series have turned out to be a giant launch in the western counties. It was greatly
accepted by the European countries. It was observed that the company recently made a
strategic effort in order to occupy the South Asian market with the single product strategy.
They launched Pokemon Go. The game turned out to be hugely successful. It was loved by
all the group of people. Apart from this it did not make a scratch in the American market.
This is the reason the organization in the history of its production, willingly have not focused

18GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
on the products and the facilities that have been accepted in a larger scale in the product
zones of the world.
What types of promotion does your favourite company emphasize in its international
markets? Do they differ from those used in its domestic market?
What kinds of distribution channels are being employed in your company’s
international markets?
In the countries that have huge population like India, China and the other South Asian
countries, the company has adopted then strategy of making a promotion of their products
(the gaming consoles mainly) as a tool of entertainment for the women, the adults and the
entire family rather. According to the ideas of Chao, Scherer and Montgomery (2015), the
promotion of the consoles of gaming of the company in these markets, presents these as
popular home hubs of entertainment. The popular gaming culture of these countries can
exaggerate the sales of Nintendo. However in America, it is popular among the small kids.
The customers who are elder usually prefer X Box from the Microsoft. The marketing head
of the company, Dan Coyner, who is basically of USA, holds the opinion that the market
demographics of the Company after the entry of Reggie after the COO was replaced.
Nintendo concentrated on promoting the corporate image of the corporation rather than
concentrating on the promotion of the products. They decided to adopt the marketing policy
in order to promote the company as a corporate brand with their Play Out Loud campaign.
This was under which the ad campaigns have been started featuring the Butthole Surfers. The
organization adopted the strategy of ironic promotion in Canada with the help of an ad. In
that there were 5 doctors who prescribed the N drug where N stands for Nintendo and it
would directly lead to “too much fun”. The doctor also advised to consult the ministry of fun
that might offer a possible remedy to the problem.

19GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
Is the company practicing global procurement? If the company is procuring globally,
what goods and services is it procuring and from which countries?
Nintendo procures the Switch consoles from other countries like Japan or China and
imports them to America where. The companies that owns the franchise manufactures each of
them. The reason for selecting these two particular countries is that the operational cost
pertaining to the cost of the labour and the price of the raw materials is less. The other site of
procuring for the company is Congo that is specialized in supplying the Gold, Tantalum,
tungsten and Tin for the products of the company (Nicholson et al. 2015). The company also
supports with DENA that is a Japanese agency that creates the system of artificial intelligence
that includes a capable circuits for the gaming products of Nintendo. The company is
intending towards the globalisation and this is the reason it is procuring the Chinese
technological experience. They have a separate research team in China.
Is the company practicing global production? If the company is producing globally,
what goods and services are produced globally and in which countries?
Has the company outsourced goods and services? Has the company insourced goods
and services?
The gaming consoles, like Nintendo DS that has touch design has been designed in
Japan. There are games like Super Mario Bros or the Game Boy and the other new versions
of Tertris were invented in Japan. However, it is known that China is a massive technology
partner for the organization. In America the 8 bit processor was invented. This did not turn
out to be adequate in case of supporting the facility of Silicon graphics. Therefore, later the
company decided to purchase the 16 bit processor from Japan for their devices.
Does the company operate in any nations which are looked at as politically and
economically risky?

20GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
It has been seen that no nations where Nintendo operates can be looked at as countries which
are economically and politically threatened apart from Greece.
Do you think your company operates in common law and civil law nations? Exhibit
some implication of this?
The business organization majorly operates in the countries that have civil law. The system
uses various abstractions and develops wide-ranging principles and makes a distinction
between procedural laws and substantive laws and apart from that looks at case law as
secondary to statutory laws. It may also be paired with inquisitive laws. This may be
implied that the legal frameworks of these nations are dependent on some specific codes and
the legislative enactment can be looked at as binding for everyone and can have major
influence on courts and has lesser freedom of contracts (worldbank.org, 2018).
Has your business organization bought any insurance from U.S. Overseas Private
Investment Corporation (OPIC)?
Nintendo never bought any insurance from OPIC, as OPIC only provides services to the
American business organizations to get foothold in the market that are emerging.
What are several key intellectual property protections, if any, that your company
possesses?
Nintendo safeguards the intellectual properties by several copyright policies and under
intellectual property rights, trademarks, patents, counterfit policy, counterfeit policy, Mod
Chip Policy and many more.
When do these protections (e.g., patents) expire?

21GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
The copyrights of the organization will expire in 75 years from the date of the first ever
publicatiob of the intellectual property according to US copyright laws.
How your corporation does plan to recoup lost revenues due to any patent or other
intellectual property protection expirations?
The management of Nintendo wants to recoup the losses from Intellectual property expiration
by filing many other patents and also by renewing copyrights for properties that can generate
revenues.
Find the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) score for two nations where your selected
business organization operates, one country with a relatively high score and one country
with a relatively low score.
It has been seen that out of all the countries where Nintendo operates, Canada has the lowest
corruption and their score is 82/100 and rank 8/80. On the other hand, Mexico has the highest
corruption rate and their score is 29/100 and their rank is 135/180 (transparency.org, 2018).
Search for news stories in relation to corporate financial scandals in these two countries.
The Canadian Foundation for Advancement of Investor Rights (FAIR) report on financial
scandals between 1998 to 2009, includes the following financial scandals in Canada: 1. Brost,
Sorenson et al. Fraud (1999-2005), Earl Jones (1986-2009), Essex (1994-1999), Farm Mutual
(2003-2007), Fulcrum (2004-2005), iForum (2005), Andrew Lech (1999-2003), Manna
(2005-2007), Norbourg (2000-2005), Norsheild (2004-2005), Portus (2003-2005), Weizhen
Tang (2006-2009), Ian Thow (2003-2005), Triglobal (1997-2007), Vantage (1998)
(faircanada.ca, 2011) and Valeant (2015).
In Mexico, the scandals comprise the Bribery Scandal (2017), Toallagate (2001), and
Pemexgate (2000).

22GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
Prepare a short summary of news stories about financial scandals in these countries.
In accordance with National observer, Valeant scandal should be seen as sleaziest scandal
that took place in Canada. Valeant is a major pharmaceutical business corporation that
operates in Canada. The management of the business organization has scrapped off their
R&D Wing in the year of 2008 as it was not generating revenues and focused on acquiring
business organizations that has already launched products in the markets and then they
reduced the costs and the inflating prices to maximize the profitability when the rate of
expenditure got lowered down to 3% of the sales (fortune.com, 2018; newyorker.com, 2018).
Is the company a member of one or more supply chains? If yes, can you identify the
major members of the supply chain(s)?
The organization has a diversified and complicated chain of supply. It is particular in
the distribution channel of the company. This include the Asian countries that is maintained
by various other partners like, Jesnet and Ajioka. These are considered to be the largest
distributors of hardware arrangements in the South Asia with the cross-national links.
In what countries does your company export goods? Import goods? How would changes
in the values of these countries’ currencies relative to the U.S. ******** affect
transactions and translation risks? Economic risk?
The company exports the products to the other countries of South America, Europe,
Asia and America. The two largest bases are China and Japan. The other important market is
Europe. The native markets of China manufactures a great range of gaming consoles for the
company. The point that needs consideration is that the Super Mario series of games have

23GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
been extremely popular in Europe therefore, they have collected a larger portion of revenue
from the developed nations of Europe.

24GLOBAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
Reference List
Aloupis, G., Demaine, E. D., Guo, A., & Viglietta, G. (2015). Classic Nintendo games are
(computationally) hard. Theoretical Computer Science, 586, 135-160.
Banga, R. (2013). Measuring value in global value chains. Background paper RVC-8.
Geneva: UNCTAD.
Bower, K. J., Clark, R. A., McGinley, J. L., Martin, C. L., & Miller, K. J. (2014). Clinical
feasibility of the Nintendo Wii™ for balance training post-stroke: a phase II
randomized controlled trial in an inpatient setting. Clinical rehabilitation, 28(9), 912-
923.
Brichetto, G., Spallarossa, P., de Carvalho, M. L. L., & Battaglia, M. A. (2013). The effect of
Nintendo® Wii® on balance in people with multiple sclerosis: a pilot randomized
control study. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 19(9), 1219-1221.
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