Global Tourism: Nature, Trends, and Growth of Destinations

This report provides an overview of the nature and trends of global tourism, including the characteristics of key tourist generating and receiving areas. It explores the reasons for the growth of global tourism and compares different emerging destinations. The report also discusses the impact of key and emerging markets on the global tourism industry.

Global Tourism
Destinations - One
written coursework

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
LEARNING OUTCOME 1.............................................................................................................1
P1 Stats to present overview of nature and trends of tourism.....................................................1
P2 Characteristics of key tourist generating and receiving areas of the world...........................2
M1 Way in which scale and nature of tourism has influenced emerging economies.................3
D1 Impact of both key and emerging markets, and significant factors affecting global tourism
.....................................................................................................................................................3
LEARNING OUTCOME 2.............................................................................................................4
P3 Determining reasons for growth of global tourism generating and receiving areas of world
.....................................................................................................................................................4
P4 Comparison and contrasting of differences between a range of emerging global tourism
destinations..................................................................................................................................5
M2 Significance of different factors affecting tourism statistical trends....................................6
LEARNING OUTCOME 3.............................................................................................................6
P5 Responsibilities of key international organisations in global tourism growth.......................6
M3 Evaluation of key organisations in growth of global tourism..............................................6
LEARNING OUTCOME 4.............................................................................................................6
P6 Review of threats, issues and challenges to future development of global tourism..............6
M4 Analysis of implications of significant threats, issues and challenges to global tourism.....6
D2 Recommendation for managing future development opposed to threats, issues and
challenges....................................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
International travel and tourism is the term which simply means that people are travelling
outside their home country (Cornelissen, 2017). It include people who are travelling for leisure
ad well as business purpose. For tourism industry globalisation is developing higher
opportunities as it allowing people to travel at worldwide level which provide better experience.
In addition to this, continuous development within travel sector directly contribute in
development of economy too. This report will going to describe nature as well as scale of global
tourism. Furthermore, it will give explanation related to growth and features which are
associated with emerging marketplace destination region. In addition to this, different role of
companies will going to explore over development of global tourism. In the end, description will
be provided within major threats, issues as well as challenges towards future development of
global tourism which affect industry.
LEARNING OUTCOME 1
P1 Stats to present overview of nature and trends of tourism
Major purpose behind travelling is also termed as nature of tourism. Within this industry
evolvement is taking place on daily basis which result in transforming overall look of entire
industry within complete distinct manner. These modification take place on the basis of travellers
changing behaviour, expectation of individual from travel industry and interest developed
through them because of globalisation (Ezeuduji, 2015). In addition to this, it has been identified
that solo as well as global online travellers are identified as two major trends which influences
entire travel and tourism industry in supportive manner. Explanation of these trends are as
follows :-
 Solo travellers – People who travel alone across nation and international boundaries to
their favourite destination are known as solo travellers. Now a days solo travellers are
identified as effective evolved trend within tourism industry because they are influencing
its growth within positive manner. According to the obtained information it has been
determined that approx. 17% of adults are interest in booking their dream destination by
their own for solo trip within last five years. In relation to this tour operators are also
designing such packages which help them in enjoying their trip with best experience
without any issue.

 Global online travel – They are the travellers who prefer to book their trips through
online sources because it is easiest way to finalise their dreams and visit it in easy manner
(Gössling and Peeters, 2015). Moreover, global online travel is beneficial for industry as
their sales is increasing. In relation to this, statistical information is mention below along
with graphs:-
Illustration 1: Global online travel sales statistics, 2019
(Source: Global online travel sales statistics, 2019)
From above graphical presentation it has been determine that online travel booking
option result in continuous growth and development of industry day by day. Moreover, it has
been analysed that respective industry sale performance is approx. $470.97 billion in 2014 and it
was later on expected to convert into $817.94 billion by 2020.
Global tourism statistics, trends and flow :- There are numerous aspects which are
involved within tourism sector like visitors flow, arrivals, revenue generation, expenditures,
market share and so on. These will assist in examining aspect for national and international
tourism. Explanation of these are as follows:-
 For national tourism – As per data of 2018 it has been identified that approx. 39%
respondents are for last minute booking. This result in wide impact on technological
resources because it make easy to manage last minute plan for tour operators. There are
almost 3.5 million people who are travelling overseas with motive of visiting destination
in 2019. There is enhancement within this process by 9% because of last minute booking.

 For international tourism - There are Europe- around 671 , The America- 207, Africa-
65, Middle East – 58 etc. travellers in 2017 who are visiting most popular international
tourism nation. With emerging trends figure of these visitors also also getting enhance
with some emerging trends and tour education.
P2 Characteristics of key tourist generating and receiving areas of the world
People are exploring places which result in increasing tourist destination day by day.
There are several countries which come within top 10 tourist destination i.e., United Kingdom,
Vietnam, Mexico, Spain, Turkey, France, US, China, Germany, Italy and so on. In addition to
this, Italy - 58.3 million, US - 75.9 million, Spain - 81.8 million, Turkey - 39.6 million, Mexico -
39.3 million etc. are the number of identified travellers in these countries. As per this data it has
been concluded that higher number of travellers are contributing in development of economy and
also in generating revenue for respective sector. There are some characteristics which contribute
in influencing travellers towards destination explanation of these are as follows :-
 Natural beauty: It is one of the major characteristic which attract customers as there are
some place which famous for their natural beauty such as Italy (Positano, Venice etc.),
Spain (Somiedo Natural Park, Gaztelugatxe etc.) Mexico (Agua Azul Waterfalls,
Sumidero Canyon etc.). Such places grab eyes of customers through their overall aura
and also provide them memorable experience while travelling natural beauty places.
 Popularity: There are several places at worldwide level which famous for their
uniqueness and help in grabbing attention of travellers (Lew, Hall and Williams, 2014).
In Amsterdam famous destination are canals, historic building, Anne Frank house and so
on. Whereas, Paris is famous for their Eiffel Tower and it is popular at worldwide level
and attract lots of people through their never ending mouth publicity.
 Infrastructure: It involve mandatory services as well as facilities which hold by an
nation and these also assist tourism industry in executing their operational activities
within effectual manner. In addition to this, good infrastructure of country attract people
to travel these places and they also feel comfortable while travelling. For instance,
infrastructure of Italy is good and assist in attracting number of tourist (Liu, 2014).
Effective infrastructure include seaports, airports, national roads etc.. Because of all these
travellers feel comfortable and result in improving their experience.

M1 Way in which scale and nature of tourism has influenced emerging economies
There are several countries which are contributing in growth and upliftment of tourism at
worldwide level. In relation to this, inflated scale and increasing nature of tourism illustrates the
extent of enhancement. Lets take example of India, it can be said that respective nation have high
contribution in developing scope of travel and tourism. It became an nation which generating
several type of tourist places like adventurous, pilgrimage, natural places, sports and many more
(Higham, 2018). In addition to this, China is also another nation which organise several cultural
programs such as Huangshan Mountain International Tourist Festival for promoting their value
at global level as well as gain attention of numerous tourist.
D1 Impact of both key and emerging markets, and significant factors affecting global tourism
In UK, London Eye is identified as key tourist place as it become one of the favourite
destination for tourist to visit as well as cherish within the edge of this country. Respective place
of UK affect tourism market in positive as well as adverse manner. In relation to this, increment
in quantum of tourist have positive effective while reducing visitors to other destination of
United Kingdom is determine as negative impact.
LEARNING OUTCOME 2
P3 Determining reasons for growth of global tourism generating and receiving areas of world
In present era travel and tourism industry is playing important as people are travelling
more across global and national boundaries (Jovicic, 2014). There are large number of
international travellers who have wide level of contribution in growth of cross border tourists and
also in upliftment of national economies worldwide level. Places which come under international
travelling are United Kingdom, United States, Mexico, France, Italy, Egypt, Spain and many
more. These mention countries have inflated tourism level because of which they are attaining
massive growth lately. There are some reasons behind their growth and development
explanation of these are as follows:-
 Insight into heritage - People who are travelling at worldwide level have keen interest
in gaining comprehensibility of culture and heritage destinations. Place such as China,
Italy and Spain are entitled for their growth as well as inflated revenue which owing to
opportunity offering by them to travellers for gaining knowledge related to their heritage
(Kiráľová and Pavlíčeka, 2015). In China, Shanghai Tourism Festival as well as in

United Kingdom Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival are some of the events that
help in understanding or gaining knowledge about culture of their nation.
 Natural aura of places and associated cultural insights – Natural beauty of place is
major key element which influence mindsets of tourist within positive manner as well as
also attract them for visiting. Global tourism receiving and generating area of globe
which tend to provide pleasurable and clam surrounding to people who are travelling
which help in easy attracting towards destination. In relation to this, Italy is full of natural
beauty as there places Venice, Positano and so on are much beautiful. Furthermore, In
France there are some places gain attention of travellers and help in providing soothing
experience these places are Marseille, French Riveria and many more (Saarinen and
Rogerson, 2014).
 Infinite destinations to cherish – There is some another reason behind the upliftment of
tourism receiving as well as generating places in relation to large number of choices
which are available for travellers around world out of that they can select which type of
place they want to visit. In relation to this, Ski resorts, beaches, Alpine mountains etc. are
attractive places of France. In addition to this, Spain is well famous for their night life at
worldwide level. As well as in USA Grand Canyon is attractive place. Such places attract
tourist as well as influence them to visit on regular basis.
There are mainly 4 a's of tourist destination i.e., attraction, amenities, access and
ancillary. Explanation of these are as follows :-
 Attraction – It is important element as well as object which attract people for travelling
such as cultural sites, historical buildings, archaeological sites, beach, resort, mountains,
national parks and so on. Along with this it also include events such as exhibitions, trade
fairs, sports events and so on. There are mainly two type of attraction i.e., natural and
man-made.
 Amenities – It is related to extra facilities as well as services which are needed by guest
while travelling, facilities included within this are visa, tickets and many more. There are
mainly two type of amenities such as natural and man made.
 Access - It is important key which result in development of tourism. Moreover,
accessibility is mode of transportation that assist tourist in reaching the destination. There
are three type of transportation such as surface, air and water transportation.

 Ancillary – It involve food & lodging facilities to the guest and service providers have to
ensure that ancillary must be comfortable and services & facilities should be provided.
There are two type of accommodation such as services and self catering or supplementary
accommodation.
P4 Comparison and contrasting of differences between a range of emerging global tourism
destinations
TALC model is that which designed with concept of product life cycle. Simply respective
model specify capacity as well as sustainability of specific destination over the years. This
framework assist in understanding changes in tourist attraction with time passes on. For
comparison of Edinburgh castle destination selected in Coca Cola London Eye. Comparison
between both of them are as follows :-
Basis of
Comparison
EdinBurgh Castle Coca Cola London Eye
Stages of Life
Cycle
This is destination of London
dominates the skyline of Edinburgh
which was build in 12th Century as
well as considered as famous tourist
attraction place. At present, near 1.4
million visitors within an year
visiting these place (Saarinen,
Rogerson and Hall, 2017). Thus, it is
related to declining stage of
destination life cycle.
Coca Cola London Eye is located on
South Bank of river Thames and it is
considered as most tallest cantilevered
observation wheel of United Kingdom
which have over 3.75 million tourist
visiting per annum. This place was build
in 21st century which simply shows that
it is on development stage of destination
life cycle.
Growth
factors
It is most attractive destination as
well as international symbol of
Scotland. Within EdinBurgh Castle
there are numerous facilities available
for visitors such as presence of
numerous shops as well as it is
Respective destination is consider most
paid tourism destination Of United
Kingdom. Because it have digital
control of LRD lighting system, tallest
Ferris Wheel of globe which carry
approx. 800 people in one rotation

established on volcanic rock which
overlook this place in all its
magnificence. Thus, such factors are
adequate for influencing number of
visitors to visit such destination.
(Torres-Delgado and Saarinen, 2014). It
is growth factors of London because it
help in attracting large number of
tourist.
M2 Significance of different factors affecting tourism statistical trends
There are several factors that are affecting as well as driving tourism statistical trends.
Edinburgh Castle have several features which attract travellers such as sat up on volcanic rocks,
infrastructure and many more. In addition to this, Coca Cola London Eye is utilising
biodegradable oil as well as grease which create no harm to wildlife and result in gaining
travellers attention. Furthermore, development in transportation and marketing procedure such as
digital technology provide assistance to castle of Scotland in attracting people when it is at
declining stage of destination life cycle.
LEARNING OUTCOME 3
P5 Responsibilities of key international organisations in global tourism growth
International travel and tourism companies are playing essential role in enhancing global
tourism. Companies such as European travel Commission, United Nation World Tourism
Organisation, Air BnB air as well as International air transport Association are those
corporations who are contributing in increment of Global tourism index. These companies have
several members as countries with the assistance of these they are collaborating within
development of entire world GDP which simultaneously results in enhancing employment ratio.
Below mention are role and responsibilities of international organisation for enhancing tourism :-
 Promoting international tourism: UNWTO is playing important role in promoting
global tourism as it is offering advantages related to development of international
tourism. As they are significantly contributing within Sustainable Tourism growth as
well as further formulating formative coordination within public and private sector
companies. These organisation are promoting to invest within new tourism centres and
services for attracting large number of customer's interest towards Global tour.
 Reducing barriers for tourism: Companies such as TUI and World Tourism are
playing important role in reducing barriers which give impact on International tourism.

Along with this, such corporations are working for reducing political and territorial
barriers for encouraging tourist to travel at international level as it will help in fulfilling
desire within effective manner. Responsibilities which company take are advantages for
enhancing International tourism index rate. Along with this, they are also contributing in
supporting infrastructure facilities, Sustainable tourism growth, formation of new
policies and regulating market.
 Attracting tourists by offering them interesting tourism packages: It has been
analysed that UNWTO is one of the leading as well as largest international company
which effectually assist in development of tourism. Main purpose that hold by
organisation is to set safety and security standards for tourist at global level. UNWTO is
holding responsibility for managing disasters and crisis which affect tourism sector.
Along with this, they are also offering attractive packages to travellers which help in
rising interest of people for different places.
M3 Evaluation of key organisations in growth of global tourism
It has been determine that international companies and TUI, UNWTO are playing
important role in enhancing tourism because they are operating in various nations as well as
offering attractive facilities to travellers at worldwide level. Along with this, such companies are
contributing at wide level in employment generation which result in increasing GDP and per
capita income. All these organisations has undertaken actions in environment as well as quality
standards, Eco tourism programs, initiative for sustainable destination and low carbon forms as
to efficaciously contributing effort in Sustainable Tourism Development till 2030.
LEARNING OUTCOME 4
P6 Review of threats, issues and challenges to future development of global tourism
There are several factors included in globalisation and these create challenges for
Tourism development because of increasing terrorism rate, modification within climate condition
as well as maintenance of Sustainable Global Tourism which are affecting in different manner.
All these element are creating threats for international companies for further development of
tourism index rate :-

 Climate condition – Because of changing climate condition and increasing global
warming these are several factors prevailing in climate like increasing carbon existence
which result in creating threats for natural resources. In relation to this, it is important for
travel and tourism company to undertake development of Sustainable Tourism by
undertaking remedial actions. For this, Company have to contribute in CSR activities as
well as furthermore design strategies which result in lowering down level of negative
climate condition of tourism sector.
 Safety and security – There are different mode of transportation such as cruise ship,
modern aircraft and trains enable tourist to easily travel destination in safe and security.
Along with this, international banking system help visitors in easy access to money freely
while travelling at global level. Apart from this, there are numerous threats for
international companies in relation of safety and security. Because of enhancing terrorism
activities, cases of hijacking plane are increasing significantly. All these result increasing
challenges for international companies as well as government in order to successfully
thrive Global tourism.
M4 Analysis of implications of significant threats, issues and challenges to global tourism
There are some major restriction in development of global tourism are safety and
terrorism concern. These result in negative impact on revenue generation of tourism industry as
well as growth also which is related to same at global level. In addition to this, it has been
identified that terror is creating within mind of individual by which they get afraid in visiting
such destinations which are prone to such risks. All this result in high level of decreasing global
tourism.
D2 Recommendation for managing future development opposed to threats, issues and challenges
There are some suggestions which help in dealing with constraints development of global
tourism. These are as follows :-
 Dealing with safety issues – It is important to ensure safety and security of travellers as
well as it is crucial part of Ministry of tourism and international organisation to make
sure safety of tourist as priority. For this purpose, social media and digital campaigns are
play essential role as these help in creating awareness among travellers about this matter.

 Combating tourism - The strategies through this threat as well as its results can be
handled by development of contingency plans, disaster recovery programmes as well as
risk management protocols by international companies.
CONCLUSION
After going through above discussion it has been summarised that, global tourism and
economic development both terms are interrelated with each other. Moreover, it also has been
analysed that growth of global tourism is creating as well as receiving places owes to reasons
like infinite destinations to visit, natural beauty of place and many more. Along with this, it is
identified that within travel and tourism there are two major source which result in increment of
revenue i.e., online sales of services and through mobile app. Moreover, destination Life Cycle is
consider by nations with a view to conserve the beauty of their famous attractive places.

REFERENCES
Books and Journal
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tourism. Wiley-Blackwell.
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