World Heritage and Tourism Impacts

This assignment delves into the complex relationship between tourism and World Heritage Sites. It analyzes the various impacts of tourism on these culturally significant locations, including both positive and negative consequences for heritage preservation, local communities, and environmental sustainability. The analysis draws upon academic literature and research to provide a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and opportunities associated with managing tourism at World Heritage sites.

Heritage

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Analysis of the growth and development of the UK heritage and cultural industry.............4
1.2 Discussion on the potential conflicts in the conservation of heritage and cultural resources
.....................................................................................................................................................6
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................7
2.1 Assessment of the purpose of heritage and cultural attractions in meeting the needs of
different types of visitors............................................................................................................7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................9
3.1 Evaluation of the impact of different types of ownership on the management and of
heritage and cultural sites............................................................................................................9
3.2 Analysis roles and responsibilities of organisation in the heritage and cultural industry...10
TEAM 4.........................................................................................................................................12
4.1 Evaluation of the methods and media used for interpretation within the heritage and
cultural industry for tourists .....................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Heritage is a term which refers to the historical property e.g. palace, culture, tradition etc.
of a person, organisation or a nation (Zamani-Farahani and Musa, 2012). Mostly heritage counts
buildings and monuments which has a ownership of a group of people. In the tourism sector
heritage is having huge significant because it has a potential to attract tourist towards which
helps to the nation and organisation which is having it's ownership on them. Most of the
government in the worlds are providing conservation to the monuments and palaces which are
related to the history and heritage. Monuments needs a care and conservation cause it has a
negative impact of pollution and temperature so it is essential for the organisations and
management which are having authority to manage them. The present report is based on the
growth and development of the UK heritage and culture because it is essential for the UK to
increase their economical development also. Development in the heritage monuments can have
some conflicts and barriers in it as the Chinese government is having to develop in the Tibet. As
the British Museum and The Natural History Museum is situated in the London and it is open for
the visitors but is is essential for the management to provide all the facilities and as well as to
fulfil the purpose of the visit of the tourists. Heritage monuments are having impacts of the
ownership which impacts on the structure of the building. At the last this report is having focus
on the role and responsibilities of the organisation which are having responsibility to manage the

heritage site (yu Park, 2010). Management of these heritage sites have to increase their
promotional activities by using appropriate media.
TASK 1
1.1 Analysis of the growth and development of the UK heritage and cultural industry
Monuments, places, traditions, culture which is having huge significance regarding to the
history and which have a need of protection to convey to upcoming generation can be stated as a
heritage. Most of the countries are now having their focus on the historical valuable monuments
and culture which can increase their tourism. So it is essential for the government to provide
proper protection and focus to develop and reconstruct them. In the context of the UK, many of
the monuments and sites are available here which is having huge significant for the government,
organisations and citizens (Wang and Bramwell, 2012). It provide a knowledge of the history
and it helps to manage the traditions and culture in the citizens and people living in the UK. As
well as heritage has an importance to increase the tourism industry cause many of the visitor are
having interest to visit historical places and monuments.
UK heritage and cultural industry is having regular growth and development because
many of the companies and tour operators are working in this filed and they are providing their
services to increase facilities for the visitors (Ung and Vong, 2010 ). An analysis is described
under here on the development and growth;
Different types of attractions: In the starting era, tour operators were having their focus on the
historical places and sites which belonged to the UK. But increased number of tourist had created
a need for them to develop more venues for them which have to be connected with the heritage
and having all the facilities which a visitors wants in it (Rakić and Chambers, 2011). So they
developed different types of venues and tourist points which are having heritage values with a
huge customer attraction. As well as tourism organisation has invent different types of tourisms
like; walking tourism, bicycle tourism and religious tourism which increase the visitors and
tourists attraction in it.
Sites and venues: Government of the UK and organisation which are working in the travel and
tourism sector has develop their mutual understandings to increases the values of the heritages
sites and venues. So they develop some basic facilities on those venues which are having a huge
customers attraction. Medical, drinking water, shelters, rest rooms, wash rooms are some basic

needs which has provided and developed by the government on those heritage sites (Richards
and Munsters, 2010). It helps to the tourist to visit these places effectively and accomplish their
needs by the visit. Some private organisation has develop their counters their to provide food
and drinking products to them.
Transportation: It is essential factor in the travel and tourism industry cause most of the tourist
wants a luxurious and relaxes feel when they are travelling by a transportation medium. In the
starting era most of the travellers prefer to the trains which is effective to travel but it can't reach
to them at particular destinations. After it tour and travel organisation started to provide more
netter feel by the flights and sleeper class in the trains for long duration travel (Su and Wall,
2014). Now in the modern era, travel companies are using luxury buses and cabs which is
effective to provide them luxury feels and as well as these transportation medium can take them
to exact destination. So it provides a help to those travellers which are having problem to walk
for long distance and as well as which does not wants to walk more in the open areas and streets.
So these factors describes the development in the heritage and cultural industry of the UK
which were essential to meet the visitors benefits and needs (Timothy, 2011). Transportation,
food, type of tourism, sites and venues are developed by the mutual efforts of the private and
public organisation in the UK. These developments are based on the needs and demands of the
tourists and as well as on the analysis of the organisations and the government which are having
intention to increase tourism in the United kingdom. Growth can be counted on the basis of the
satisfaction of the tourists, most of the tourists are satisfied with the heritage sites but it is
essential for the authorized management to analyse the demands and convey it in the actuality.
1.2 Discussion on the potential conflicts in the conservation of heritage and cultural resources
Conservation is a type rehabilitate for the heritage and culture valued buildings and
monuments (Poria, Reichel and Cohen, 2013). It is essential to conserve those sites and
monuments which is having huge importance as per the heritage and cultural values. So tourism
organisation and government have to make their focus on this topic and they have to make a
proper development plan to secure them and as well as to develop according to the visitor
benefits. According to the Tibet case study, Chinese government wants to develop Jokhang
Temple which is situated in the Barkhor district in Lhasa. Many of the local and foreign tourist
visit every year which proves it's religious significance for them. The Chinese government is
interested to develop this heritage site and they are having a proper plan to develop it, to provide

better facilities to the tourists. But it is not easy for the Chinese government to develop it, it has
some potential conflicts which are;
Brown field sites versus green field sites: It is related to the buildings versus to open area, as the
Chinese government is planning to develop Jokhang temple and Brakhor district, so they have to
make a decision in between the those elements (Mason, 2015). They are having a plan to
increase the accommodation facilities for those visitors which are having demand to stay in a
luxury accommodation. So they have to make new buildings as they are having a plan to open a
hotel which have more than 1000 rooms in it. So it can be a conflictual factor for them cause
many of visitors says it is use of religion to make profits.
Impact of visitors on sites and their immediate environments: Tourists are having an
imagination of for their tourists places so it have to be as they want. Jokhang Temple is situated
in the Barkhor which is having a huge cultural, traditional and religious value so Chinese
government has to maintain it's traditional and cultural values in the development. So they have
to manage their development which have to make a positive impact on the visitors. As well as
they have to focus on those factors which are related to the visitors (Labadi and Long, 2010). So
they have to make restrict on the factors which can impacts on the environment of the temple.
Planning and land use: It is a most potential conflict in the Barkhor district development, cause
it is a rural area and many of people are living in this area. So the Chinese government is have to
use land effectively. So they have to make planning ion which they can increases the use a of
each and every piece of land. They have to use modern architecture and techniques to develop
the new accommodation in this area to increase the facilities. Parking space, visitors rest rooms
and many more things have to be developed in this area (Loulanski and Loulanski, 2011). So it
can be a issue for the government which have to be resolved by the government by using of
modern architecture techniques in it.
Capital cost and revenue generation: As the Chinese government is making a plan to invest in
the Lhasa so they have to make a proper plan to be cost effective. So they have to make proper
budget according to the investment needs and they have to follow it (Timothy, 2011). It can take
time to generate this revenues by the visitors so they have to make proper and fair tickets on to
visit. Which helps to the Chinese government to maintain the interest in the of the visitors in it.
Chinese government have to make their focus on these potential conflicts to increase the
benefits of the visitors in it.

TASK 2
2.1 Assessment of the purpose of heritage and cultural attractions in meeting the needs of
different types of visitors
The British Museum: The British Museum is situated in London. It took six years from
1753 to 1759 to came in existence. It was the first public museum to be open for everyone
weather researcher, student, kids, schools,tourist. It is one of the most important museum which
is based on human history and culture from beginning to now (Kolar and Zabkar, 2010). It
displays around seven million artefacts from world wide which witness the era of human story
from the very beginning to now. It includes books, manuscripts, archaeological arts, historical
objects and sculptures and thus have nearly six millions visitors per year.
It attracts every category of people for their own needs like research, learning,
entertainment, recreation and so immense satisfaction. Various events that are conducted for
families, teens, members like gallery talk, Around the world in 90 minutes, digital
workshops,money based activities,light and Islamic art, etc. Sessions are organized and design in
such a way to attract students to make them learn and explore concepts related to money,
currency, and their important role in societies. It attracts researchers who want to explore history
of ancient times (Jimura, 2011). It is the best place as it have objects, books sculptures that
depicts the same. It has a conferencing facilities which can be hired by media people for daytime
and events. It also allow film makers for filming inside it to make documentary or radio
programmes. It publishes books which illustrates amazing objects and stories for families,
students,and other readers which are easily available online for learning and enhancing owns
knowledge.
The Natural History Museum: The Natural History Museum is located in London and
was opened on April 1881. It has a wide range of specimens of different segments of natural
history (Brown and Cave, 2010). It has around 80 millions items with main five categories i.e.
botany, entomology, mineralogy, palaeontology and zoology. The museum is most famous for
displaying dinosaur skeletons. It also does not charge any penny as admission fee like other
museums in UK. They are funded by government. The main objective behind the museum was to
challenge how people perceive natural world at their end, its past, present and future. It also
helps the audience to learn humanity's future and the understanding the science behind it (Huang,

Tsaur and Yang, 2012). By 2020, it has taken four major areas as their challenge to extend the
impact on visitors experience which are using up to date technology, innovative ideas to attract
people to interect with science, creating links to support science in schools, developing healthy
relations internationally to handle major scientific issues.
The museum conduct various educational programmes which attracts students,
archaeologist, scientist, families to enhance their knowledge of natural history. It provide
training to science graduates and post graduates students arccos London. Current events that are
running are wildlife photography, sensational butterflies by which we can see 100 of butterflies
and sense it, crime scene live , an interactive to sharp students mind to solve murder mystery
with scientist and so on. The main purpose behind these events and programmes is to familiarize
everyone with the working of science (Hartmann, 2014). It attracts every class of people,
weather it is family, kids, science graduates, learners, etc. It elaborates and explain every aspect
of natural history, how species of ancient time lived and sustained , how it vanished from earth.
It is also helping in spreading a warning it serious steps are not taken by people , one day every
species on earth will get extinct.
TASK 3
3.1 Evaluation of the impact of different types of ownership on the management and of heritage
and cultural sites
Cultural heritage can be understood as places, objects, monuments that have been passed from
one generation to other (Duval and Smith, 2013). It can be movable like paintings, sculptures or
immovable like monuments and archaeological sites. These places have outstanding universal
value. It can also be intangible like oral traditions, performing arts and rituals. It also determines
the way of living our ancestors lived and been hesitated by us. The major issue now a days is to
preserve these sites which requires a equal participation of public, private and non government
bodies to sustain them.
In UK, this is most commonly done through the spatial planning system. These sites are very
important to sustain as they provide sense of pride and they also attracts education, tourism and
economic regeneration (Ashworth and Larkham, 2013). Therefore their is a huge responsibility
for protecting and conserving heritage, so that present and future generation can be benefited of
accessing and enjoying these heritage assets.

There are two type of ownerships that own and manage the heritage sites i.e. government, private
. Private ownership means the site is totally governed by private sector and there is no
interference at government end (Cheng-yu, 2010). Whereas in government ownership total
management of site is with government.
In private ownership , the main objective behind such projects is earning major profits as
these sites attract huge tourism, they have nothing to do with public interest or public welfare
and even with the property. They do not maintain it as per the standards issued by government
and thus damage it subsequently. There main focus is to earn maximum to maximum profit
without reinvesting it in to the site for its betterment. Because of such ignorance by private sector
heritage either looses or destroyed which was making it special.
In government ownership, the main objective is of preserving the heritage instead of
earning profits (Chen. and Chen, 2010). It provides as many facilities for providing sense of
satisfaction to the visitors, students who have visited the site for gaining some educational
knowledge, researchers for their search work and so on. The main focus is public welfare and
maintaining heritage for coming generation. But like others government lack funds and the
ministry has warned that if no new funding model been introduced, Britain may lost its some
important sites as they will fall into a category of disrepair. At least government require 100
million pounds to handle the preserving defects across heritage sites.
For example : Tower of London is a famous monument and most iconic structures. It is a rare
royal building from 11th century to 16th in Europe. The tower has universal cultural values for
protection and control of the city (Chapman and Speake, 2011). The UK government protects it
in two ways, firstly by Ancient Monuments And Archaeological Areas Act 1979 and secondly
through Spatial Planning System under the provisions of the town and Country Act 1990.
There are also charitable trusts who also take care of cultural heritage sites. In England,
charitable trusts are formed to accomplish charitable goals. For charitable trust, organization
must prove the motive behind it which should be charitable and it should also benefit public
interest at large. These trusts are not allowed to run for profit (Alvarez and Korzay, 2011). These
trusts are managed by trustees who raise funds by themselves and invest it in preserving heritage
and fulfilling the interest of public. The mission of these trusts is to protect and preserve
archaeological buildings as well as the cultural resources of England. It make some policies,
rules and regulations to restrict the public in damaging property. English Charity, The charity of

Sir Richard Whittington, Trust For London are some organizations that are helping in sustaining
cultural heritage of UK.
3.2 Analysis roles and responsibilities of organisation in the heritage and cultural industry
Many of the organisations are working in the heritage and cultural industry of the UK and
they are having a huge responsibilities to manage the heritage and cultural sites and values in the
UK. An analysis is here on the roles and responsibilities of the organisation which are working in
the heritage and cultural industry:
National Trust: It is an organisation which are working on the heritage conservation in the
United Kingdom. It is a charity organisation which is having public interest in the core
objectives. So they have to perform their role and responsibilities in a appropriate manner by
which they can provide better results to the society (Brown and Cave, 2010). They have to
increase public interest on it so they have to make some promotion campaign to enhance public
interest on it. Some of the roles and responsibilities are here of the National Trust:
Maintain the originality: Most of the organisation are having their aim to develop but they have
to make their focus on their objectives to increase the effectiveness of them to attain their targets.
As they are National Trust is having their focus on the development of the heritage sites so it is
their responsibilities to maintain the originality and beauty of the sites in it (Ashworth and
Larkham, 2013). Because it is related to the heritage so they have to maintain the original
architecture in the monuments and sites.
Effectively use of funds: As it is a charity organisation, it is essential for them to be cost
effective and use their funds effectively. They have to manage honesty in their work if they want
to manage people trust and faith in them (Ung and Vong, 2010). So they have to be effective and
make proper allocation of their funds as per the needs of the monuments and sites. So they have
to provide each and every transaction details on their websites to manage the transparency for
their expenses. It can help them to increase faith of people on them by which they can arise more
funds and increase their potentials to develop more heritage sites and venues.
Woodland Trust: It is an trust which emphasis on the random development in the heritage and
cultural values in the UK. They are working on the forest conservation which is a type of
woodland conservation in the UK. More than 500,000 volunteers are connected with them which
helps and supports them to execute their work and achieve their targets. They are are working to
protect forest which is essential for the UK to manage a healthy and fresh environment. So it is

essential for them to manage their development as per the heritage and cultural values, most of
the outer area was covered by deep forest but modern development creates a negative impact on
it to develop modern cities on it (Alvarez and Korzay, 2011). So now it is the responsibility of
the Woodland trust to analyse which types of trees have to grew which can recover the forest
immediately.
Some of the role and responsibilities are here of the Woodland Trust:
Public awareness: It is their responsibility to aware people to conserve forest and grow a tree in
the forest (Wang and Bramwell, 2012). So they have to make really and candle march for this to
enhance the public interest on this topic. People awareness programmes can attract people on it
and it can improve their thoughts and views on this topic.
Increases the number of volunteers: They have to increase number of people to increase their
criteria to heritage development (yu Park, 2010). As they are having their focus on the woodland
heritage, they have to increase their strength to deliver better work in the fields.
TEAM 4
4.1 Evaluation of the methods and media used for interpretation within the heritage and cultural
industry for tourists
It is essential for the British Museum and The Natural History Museum, many of the
visitors are having queries in their minds which have to be resolved by the management
authorities of these museums (Alberti and Giusti, 2012). The management have to provide
proper interpretation about the particulars which are placed in the museums which can provide a
help to the visitors to understand about them easily. So they have to use appropriate methods to
interpret about antics and things which are having huge heritage significance. So some of the
methods are here which are used and which can be used in the British Museum and The Natural
History Museum;
Published materials: They can provide a booklet to each and every visitors t which helps them
to understand about the particular things which are placed in the museum, it have to be in a
proper sequence in which the things are arranged in the museums. So they have to provide this
published material in which language which is helpful for the visitor to read easily ( Alberti and
Giusti, 2012). It have to contain all the details about the things, it heritage and cultural value and

as well as it have to contain all initial pictures which helps to the visitors to understand the value
of the thing according to the heritage.
Audio Visual presentation: It can also provided by the management in each and every particular
thing which is placed in the museums. It can helps to the visitors to understand about the values
and importance of the particulars effectively. So they have to set a projector on each and every
counter which have to provide details to the visitors in an effective and understandable language.
Attendant: Management which are working in the organisations can provide an attendant on
each and every counter to interpret about the museum and as well as things which are having
significance for heritage (Zamani-Farahani and Musa, 2012). These attendant have to be
excellent grip on the heritage and cultural values.
Guide: They can provide a personal guide to each group of the visitors which helps them to
understand about the value and significance of the particular things.
CONCLUSION
The above presented report has been concluded about the heritage and culture in the United
Kingdom. It has a random growth in the providing facilities to the visitors which is essential for
them. Heritage and cultural values are having huge significance to manage traditional values in
the generation and as well as it helps to the generation to understand the development of the
human in each and every decades. Many of the organisations are working in the to maintain the
heritage and cultural sites in the UK and as well as in the world. So it is essential to develop it in
the original structure. Government and organisation which are working in the heritage
development have to make proper analysis of the factors which can impacted by it.

REFERENCES
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