Literature Review on Health and Social Care

The provided document is a compilation of multiple research papers and articles related to health and social care. It includes studies on patient involvement, empowerment, and the use of technology in healthcare. The literature review also touches upon the marketization of care, integration of health and social services, and the role of big data in healthcare. The summary provides an overview of the key findings and research questions explored in these studies.

Empowering

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
Health care sector is an important part of economy that plays an essential role in
resolving physical and mental problems of people. Present report is based on analysis of three
case studies depending on the same aspects, legislations, policies and functions (Munn-Giddings
and Winter, 2013). There are various rights related to health and safety of patients in
organization which are discussed along with the factors that influence promotion and
maximization of rights of patients in health care organization.
TASK 1
1.1 Influence of relevant legislation and sector skills standards on organizational policies and
practices in the rehabilitation centre
In present case , it is analysed that patient TAZ was an 18 yr old boy who was suffering
from physical disability and hearing impairment. This problem has led a major influence on his
behaviour because he does not speak to his family members and others. Patients was admitted in
rehabilitation centre where he has exhibited aggressive behaviours towards the staff and does not
participate in any activity which is organized for providing him treatment and taking care of
patient's health. In this context, important provisions are developed and implemented for social
care entity which needs to be followed and implemented in rehabilitation centre. There are some
legislation and respective sector skills along with the organization as discussed below:
Legislation skills Policies of care home
and practices
Justification
Health and safety
work act 1974
Skills for health,
safety, care and
development
Rehabilitation centre
has ensured all the rules
and regulations of this
act and also
implemented in their
process of treatment
(Antheunis, Tates and
Nieboer, 2013). It has
been accomplished by
enforcing these rules in
This will create an
awareness in the minds of
TAZ that if he has to be in
rehabilitation centre then it
is essential for him to
follow the rules and
regulations.
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organizational policies.
Manual and
operations
handling act 1992
Abilities for care and
safety
Organization needs to
ensure about all the
rules and regulations
that need to be
implemented by them
in their policies.
Through this, patient will
be able to understand the
use of operational tools
and equipment related to
him.
Food and safety
act 1990
Skills required to fill
the gaps and providing
healthy food to
patients and making
sure that food must be
hygienic
Proper checking of food
and drinks is done by
supervisor before they
are provided to the
patient.
Organization will make
sure that food provided to
TAZ must be hygienic and
should of the best quality.
Control on
substances
harmful for
health act 2002
Skills required for
safety, care, security as
well as boosting the
morale, learning and
development
Superiors in
rehabilitation centre
ensure that all the rules
are followed by staff.
He will also understand the
difference between safe
and hazardous substances.
1.2 Factors affecting achievement of promoting and maximizing the rights for Mr Taz
Mainly there are two ways of promoting the participation and information which are as
follows:
Information: In case, TAZ has right to know about treatment which was provided by
rehabilitation centre staff to him with their side effects. Besides this, it is essential for care unit to
provide the information about important decision taken in easy way so that he can understand the
actions and procedures (Cameron and et.al., 2014). While providing treatment, it is essential for
organization to take care of his requirements. Patients have rights to know about safety measures
which are followed by organization. Medication needs to be provided by taking his consent and
they also have right to stop or decline procedures if they found it harmful for patients.
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Empowering individuals: In this case, workers in care home are required to develop a
positive and healthier environment for Mr. TAZ and they should adopt principle and values that
involve following points:
Respect for the diversity (Brennan and et.al., 2012).
Maintaining confidence of care users.
Involvement of family people in planning and providing support.
Promotion of rights and choice of patients in rehabilitation centre (Schneider, 2012).
2.1 Factors contributing to loss of independence, non-participation and social exclusion for Mr
Taz
As per above given scenario, Taz is suffering from major tragic accident and caused
physical disability and hearing impairment. He has become a subject of this tragic accident in a
very young age. Moreover, there are factors that have provided influence on participation and
independence.
Rehabilitation centre: Dependency on TAZ on family members and employee of
rehabilitation centre major factor which has resulted in his non participation (Korda and Itani,
2013). His perception is in rehabilitation centre and will be provided effective treatment.
Counselling sessions are also organized for him to get recovered from his mental state of illness.
Not providing chances to take own decisions is also the major factor for loss of
independence. Since the patient is not condition to provide his consent therefore is not included
in part of decision making process (Househ, Borycki and Kushniruk, 2014). Major problem for
Taz is that he has become totally dependent on staff of care due to his mind state which makes
it depended on care staff for his basic requirements and making him more aggressive.
1.3 Contribution of communication between physiotherapy team and Mr. TAZ
Effective interaction is analysed a major tool for Physiotherapy team for providing
treatment to patients in rehabilitation centre which involves the exchange on ideas, thoughts and
views. Despite of words, body language, eye contact and tone of voice also comes under
communication. As mentioned in the case, Mr. TAZ is suffering, physical disability and hearing
impairment which has made him depended upon other people and staff of rehabilitation centre.
In this problem, patients is not able to move for completing his daily routine, he is not able to
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hear clearly due to which his mental state has been influenced greatly and he is not
communicating to anyone and not eating well (LeRouge and et.al., 2013). In this case,
Physiotherapy team needs to speak very slowly so that he can understand from their actions.
They need form a simple sentence to comprehend him and use the flow charts to communicate
and ask the answers. In this, it is also important for physiotherapy team to avoid close and
threatened body language (Ter Meulen, 2013). Thus, positive communication through signs and
simple sentences will contribute a lot in promotion and maximizing the rights of care services
which are mentioned below:
 Taz should posses more control and independent in that he can make decision.
 Clear information must be transferred through communication that help in promoting the
rights for TAZ to take decision.
 It also promotes the rights of service users because it is also interlinked with learning and
development (Jorm, 2012).
TASK 2
2.3 Ways to manage the tension to enable Mr. Harry to cook his meal safely.
Present case determines that, Mr. Harry is a patient of ADD and it was also identified by
psychiatrist that he has bi- polar disorder as well. A nurse is appointed for him by psychiatrist
community for taking care of his health.
He has expressed a desire to go to local market for cooking his favourite food. In this case,
psychiatrist is facing the situation of ethical dilemma in which he can never to the patients for his
choice but he also understood the patients will face some problem because Mr. Harry has an
history of hitting the customers and shouting aggressively. Under section 19 of health and
welfare act 2005 it is requires for care service provider to identify the hazards at workplace and it
should assess the risk of safety and health at work presented by these hazards (Moss, 2017). In
this case, psychiatrist can allow Mr. Harry to go local market under observation of some
individuals in order to manage any type of tension. Further, place where he wants to cook must
be properly cleaned and hygienic. Mr. Harry must be kept away from the sharp objects and
practices related to cutting of vegetables and handling of sharp objectives must have done by
another person under supervision. All facilities of cooking must be their and properly checked
so that it may not harm the patient. As per health and safety act, care service are required to
implement any improvements considered necessary by the risk assessment.
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He must be properly monitored by individuals so that if any violent situation occurs then
they should take him to the care home.
TASK 3
3.1 Risk for individuals in health and social care.
From this case, it was identified that Philip was a patient of dementia and he was staying
with his two sons. A Social worker has admitted him to care home as he was badly ill-treated
and become a subject of domestic violence. Mr. Philip was beaten very badly bys his son when
he utilized his towel. His wounds are covered by lot of stitches.
He used to earn money for meeting his personal expenses and his sons does not support him. He
does not want to go back to home because he is in a fear that his sons would kill him. He also
thinks of committing a suicide (Williams, 2012). There are various hazards of abuse and harm
have been faced by the Victim. Counsellor in residential home has found that he was in shocking
condition and dilemma due to which he decided to commit suicide. This type of situation of
shock and terror arises when the person is being harmed by his own family members or loved
ones. As per legislation, it is completely illegal that on one side patient is suffering from
dementia in which he is not able to recognise and remember anything for long time. And after
knowing this, his son has abused him. He was physically, socially as well as mentally abused by
his sons. This situation has major harm to patient due to which he tried to commit suicide.
2.2 Ways to manage company systems and processes to promote participation and independence.
There are various important ways through which the organisational systems can be managed by
professionals and also to promote the participation along with independence.
Empowering individuals: In this, organisation must improve the development and service
delivery of the care service workers by empowering them at workplace. By providing power to
employees to motivate and providing treatment, care professional and counsellor will take out
Mr. Philip from metal state of shock and promote his participation (Brett and et.al., 2014). Brief
description and guidance must be provided to workers first.
Organising activities: In this case, To ensure the participation and independence of Mr. Philip,
care workers must try to communicate with him and try to engage him in some activities. They
should organise some activities or discussion in order to interact with him (Larkin, Richardson
and Tabreman, 2012).
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Employee in the care home must be well informed about his disease so that they will
communicate effectively. His consent must be taken while providing treatments (Roski, Bo-Linn
and Andrews, 2014). He must be allowed to go in social functions and to meet with people of his
age group. These proper measures are needs to be included in organizations systems in order to
manage the patients in care home.
3.2 Effectiveness of policies, procedures and managerial approach within a health and social care
setting.
Every organisation needs to follow some policies, procedure that will provide them
support in maintaining the organisation system effectively. Similarly, in this case, care workers
must have to follow the legislations like acceptable and unacceptable hazards creation of
mistreatment environment. Policies like health and safety act, is considered as effective because
it helps the organisation to provide effective and hygienic services to care. These aids in ensuring
the participation of patients in getting treatments. Leadership style and complaint procedure of
organisation is also essential for the publicity of social control. In Care home, workers must
adopt proper communication and leadership style to affect the users which will analyse the risk
organisation.
CONCLUSION
In this report, it is concluded that health and social care sector organisation have their
major important in providing to users suffering from physical and mental disabilities. There are
various important policies and procedures are followed by organisation which are considered as
effective for them in providing health care service to people like Mr.Taz .
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Antheunis, M.L., Tates, K. and Nieboer, T.E., 2013. Patients’ and health professionals’ use of
social media in health care: motives, barriers and expectations. Patient education and counseling,
92(3), pp.426-431.
Brennan, D and et.al., 2012. The marketisation of care: Rationales and consequences in Nordic
and liberal care regimes. Journal of European Social Policy, 22(4), pp.377-391.
Brett, J. and et.al., 2014. A systematic review of the impact of patient and public involvement on
service users, researchers and communities. The Patient-Patient-Centered Outcomes Research,
7(4), pp.387-395.
Cameron, A. and et.al., 2014. Factors that promote and hinder joint and integrated working
between health and social care services: a review of research literature. Health & social care in
the community, 22(3), pp.225-233.
Househ, M., Borycki, E. and Kushniruk, A., 2014. Empowering patients through social media:
the benefits and challenges. Health informatics journal, 20(1), pp.50-58.
Jorm, A.F., 2012. Mental health literacy: empowering the community to take action for better
mental health. American Psychologist, 67(3), p.231.
Korda, H. and Itani, Z., 2013. Harnessing social media for health promotion and behavior
change. Health promotion practice, 14(1), pp.15-23.
Larkin, M., Richardson, E.L. and Tabreman, J., 2012. New partnerships in health and social care
for an era of public spending cuts. Health & social care in the community, 20(2), pp.199-207.
LeRouge, C. and et.al., 2013. User profiles and personas in the design and development of
consumer health technologies. International journal of medical informatics, 82(11), pp.e251-
e268.
Moss, B., 2017. Communication skills in health and social care. Sage.
Munn-Giddings, C. and Winter, R., 2013. A handbook for action research in health and social
care. Routledge.
Roski, J., Bo-Linn, G.W. and Andrews, T.A., 2014. Creating value in health care through big
data: opportunities and policy implications. Health affairs, 33(7), pp.1115-1122.
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Schneider, B., 2012. Participatory action research, mental health service user research, and the
hearing (our) voices projects. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 11(2), pp.152-165.
Szebehely, M. and Trydegård, G.B., 2012. Home care for older people in Sweden: a universal
model in transition. Health & social care in the community, 20(3), pp.300-309.
Ter Meulen, R., 2013. Solidarity in health and social care in Europe (Vol. 69). Springer Science
& Business Media.
Williams, P.M., 2012. Integration of health and social care: a case of learning and knowledge
management. Health & social care in the community, 20(5), pp.550-560.
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