Health Effects of Air Pollution | Essay

RUNNING HEAD: IMPACTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON HUMAN HEALTH
Health Effects of Air Pollution
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Health Impacts of Air Pollution 2
INTRODUCTION
This research provides an understanding of particulate matter and other atmospheric pollutants in
the changing world. Global change affects air quality and environmental quality in many ways;
changes in land use, emissions, and climate change. These affect human health and also affect
the strategies employed to protect the environment and health. Particulate matter arouses the
concern of public health because of its widespread and toxicity. They are generated from
combustion sources or formed through atmospheric transformation. The international study was
performed using case studies and secondary sources to estimate the global representative
association of exposure to pollutants and health effects such as mortality.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Does the population (P) not exposed to air pollution eliminates (I) health related issues
compared(C) to those exposed and experiencing health problems?
LITERATURE REVIEW
Air that people breathe comprises emissions from various sources such as vehicles, industries,
commercial sources, tobacco smoke, and household fuels. Air pollution is harmful to the
vulnerable, such as older people, children or those with health problems. The epidemiological
indication suggesting that severe health impacts are reliant on the exposure concentration and
exposure duration. Ambient air pollutants have been related to many health impacts such as
death, cardiovascular and respiratory hospital admissions, asthma attacks and lung cancers
(Ayala, et al.,2011).
Current contamination by particulate matters generated from the anthropogenic sources causes
the reduction of life expectancy and many deaths. Air pollutants are responsible for several

Health Impacts of Air Pollution 3
death, admission to the hospitals and cardiovascular problems (Kagawa,2010). The direct
exposure route to air pollutants is the respiratory tract. Large particles land in the proximal
airway and the fine ones are deposited in the alveoli via the lungs. Ultrafine particles can reach
the bloodstream from where they can be distributed into the organs of the body, including the
brain, and may present neurotoxic effects (Röllin, 2017).
Air pollution still stands as the main health risk and it was approximated to cause many
premature deaths annually. Cardiovascular disease is among the main death cause in the world,
especially in highly industrialized countries. Observation from the scientific reports proved the
impacts of air pollution on premature birth, retardation of the intrauterine fetus growth, stillbirth,
and birth of newborns with disorders and ow body weight (Suh, et al.,2012).
SEARCH STRATEGY
The research methodology adopted for this research on the health effects of air pollution is the
qualitative method which includes secondary sources and case studies. For the study on the
pollutants and their effects to be relevant and and convincing, the previous data must be used to
analyses how the situation of pollution has been for the past years. It is the kind of study that
cannot be analyzed by the present information only and that is why secondary sources that are
already published and case studies were used as the search strategy for this study (Ferris,
2012).
Secondary sources: this involves the use of books, peer-reviewed journal articles, and internet
sources to get information that discusses health impacts of air pollutants . In these secondary
sources, the original data and information are arranged, selected and modified in a good format
through interpretation, evaluation, generalization, and analysis. These secondary sources will