Analysis of Hospitality and Tourism Studies

This assignment involves a comprehensive review of various hospitality and tourism studies, including research papers, articles, and case studies. The provided list includes publications from 2015 to 2017, covering topics such as sustainability in the hospitality industry, national identity and satisfaction among foreign hotel guests, halal tourism, smart tourism, and social media marketing in tourism. The summary also mentions publications on the characteristics of professional services, such as management consultancy in the travel, tourism, and hospitality sector, as well as a case study on smart technologies for personalized experiences in the hospitality domain.

Hospitality Provision in the
Travel and Tourism Sector

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
A. Scope and scale of hospitality industry within travel and tourism sector and
interrelationship with examining role of hospitality functions (1.1)...........................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................2
A. Integration in hospitality sector organisation and example drawn from relevant
organisation in term of horizontal and vertical integration (2.1)................................................2
B. Impact of integration and how organisation decide to respond consequences of integration
(2.2).............................................................................................................................................3
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................4
A. Rationale for new hospitality business and project outlining product service concept (3.1).4
B. Produce project proposal (3.2)...............................................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Hospitality sector considers several activities and tasks that assist to deal with different
types of services. In this consideration, entertainment and personalised services are included
which are mainly provided by the enterprise to their passengers. With the travel company,
significant growth will be accomplished which ascertain different types of services (Aragon-
Correa, Martin-Tapia and de la Torre-Ruiz, 2015). It resulted to attract more people in the
business. In this way, present report consider on Marriott international hotel. They provide
different types of facilities to each customer so that brand image of the business maintain to
develop significant advantages at workplace. Furthermore, it covers integration in hospitality
sector enterprise and examples are taken with relevant organisation to take horizontal and
vertical integration. At last, project proposal has been taken to develop effective functioning.
TASK 1
A. Scope and scale of hospitality industry within travel and tourism sector and interrelationship
with examining role of hospitality functions (1.1)
Hospitality sector consider major sector in all over the world. They consist different kinds
of services for international travel and tourism activities. For instance, Marriott hotel determines
their services such as accommodation, leisure, food and beverages, etc. In this sector, travel and
tourism activities are considered to engage several who want to go at different destinations. This
hotel provides their services in one to five star hotels. Hence, as per affordable price, customer is
able to purchase the services easily (Brandon-Jones, Lewis and Walsman, 2016). This is because;
hotel sells services as per the budget of customers. They include services from breakfast to all
essential elements. They cover a large area which help to provide hygienic and qualitative food
to customers in the restaurant.
Along with this, they consider operations in cafe in which coffee shop mainstream and
fine dining to attract maximum customers at workplace. Marriott also design their food with
qualitative, healthy and safety, etc. Therefore, it will assist to cover large areas where customers
feel joy and get entertained as well. Managers and staff members of company develop more
systematic work performances so that they will be able to attract several customers in business.
Nightclubs also exist in the UK so that customers will be free to get their enjoyment. The
organisation consider facilitate with travel and tourism as well. As results, it includes supplier,
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tourism products, travel agents, tour operators, etc. The organisation has conference hall so that
meetings are also conducted that encourages different country people in business. Furthermore,
exhibitions, free trade fairs, etc. are also included at corporate level that assists to attract high
amount of people that are travel together such as business men, friends, family, relatives, etc.
Hospitality industry also develop aviation in airline services to attract tourists and travellers that
are travel from trains, airlines and ships. Furthermore, the company also contain theme park in
which customers get more entertainment and feel happy: Travel services: In hospitality sector, travel services consider important role which
determine through transportation, accommodation, recreation, entertainment, etc. There
are different types of travel services included so that it will consider complex relationship
among suppliers, services of tourism, travel agent, etc. (Kourouthanassis, Boletsis and
Chasanidou, 2015). Accommodation services: Furthermore, accommodation also plays an essential role in
Marriott. This is because; it includes different elements that develop cleanness in rooms,
proper facility of seating, etc. Housekeeping services also included which need to
maintain with healthy and safety around hotel areas. Minor services engaged to maintain
accommodation and infrastructure services (Boniface, Cooper and Cooper, 2016). Visitor’s attraction: Visitors attraction is an important place in which tourists particularly
visit to know about cultural value, natural perspective, etc. These facilities implement to
visit famous areas such as parks, mountain, etc.
 Business travel: This service consider by Marriott because of work related activities. In
this regard, individual or group members consider visiting customers and suppliers.
Hence, business travel meeting in another enterprise to look and stay.
TASK 2
A. Integration in hospitality sector organisation and example drawn from relevant organisation in
term of horizontal and vertical integration (2.1)
Integration process includes profound and critical effect of activities in hospitality
enterprise. It assists to create better treatment of company which helps to maintain systematic
work in Marriott. With the help of securing methodology, the organisation is able to increase
their usefulness and productivity in enterprise. Incorporation procedures help many hotels such
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as Hilton, Marriott and Accor to expand their functions in different areas. Therefore, they are
able to meet with prerequisites that are operational (Tseng, Morrison and Chen, 2015).
Procurement procedure also assists to obtain business and increase their take care services. With
the help of superior market steadiness, enterprise is able to increase their usefulness in
association and embrace to create better and effective results.
In the hotel, real perspective has been taken that are compelling by association to develop
better work and improvement such as room administration, increasing transportation
administration. This approach also consider expand general increment and proficiency as per
income limit. Increasing in income age help to focus on requirement and request of customers
and clients (Kourouthanassis, Boletsis and Chasanidou, 2015). Apart from this, hospitality
industry gather different businesses such as Accor, Marriott, etc. to maintain customer loyalty. It
assists to give superior to take proper support. On the other hand, coordinated efforts are also
helps to implement improvement which increase image and value in mid arrangement. In
Marriott both kind of integration taken such as horizontal and vertical. This will assist to
implement effective products and services to expand enterprise functions in different areas. The
chosen company has effective outcomes to use these approaches.
B. Impact of integration and how organisation decide to respond consequences of integration
(2.2)
Integration of different services highly create impact on the hospitality industry. This is
because; it affects the quality of services so that operations are affected. In tourism enterprises,
vertical and horizontal integration has been used to attract more customers. Furthermore, they are
also focused on proper utilisation of resources that improves the quality as well. It assists to gain
competitive advantages in the market to make effective results (Neuhofer, Buhalis and Ladkin,
2015). Following are certain ways through integration consider at workplace:
Lack of knowledge: Employees have lack of knowledge so that different products and
services not developed in systematic way. As results, it creates impact on productivity of
company. Due to lack of proper research and development, standardisation of products and
services decreasing continuously (Aragon-Correa, Martin-Tapia and de la Torre-Ruiz, 2015).
Cost integration: Furthermore, Marriott unable to create effective cost planning regarding
different services. On the other hand, expenses are also continuously increasing so that staff
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members require training develop services. As results, company unable to make their BEP point.
Integration considers huge impact with implement more money as well. Hence, objectives need
to fulfilled with develop more creative work performances.
Using advance technology: Advance technology also used in hospitality sector which
assist to determine more information to different people. There are different kinds of technical
resources available on website. Negative impact reduce taking decisions which delaying from the
enterprise. Furthermore, in some consideration errors are also taken place so that it impact on
information gathering in business (Robinson, Fallon and Crotts, 2016). It resulted that lack of
knowledge impact on objectives. It affects to operations of the chosen business. Hence,
integration create impact on Marriott international on their services quality and reduce
productivity as well.
TASK 3
A. Rationale for new hospitality business and project outlining product service concept (3.1)
In present time, hospitality businesses getting more effective functioning and outcomes
that help to focus on desire results at workplace. In this regard, opportunities also grow
continuously which help to new businesses to enter in it (Gretzel, Sigala and Koo, 2015). In the
following business development plan, new starting enterprise consider systematic work:
Illustration 1: Organisation structure
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Step 1: Development Concept: In order to consider new hospitality business, plan develop with concept
creation. In this regard, services of restaurant must be develop that provide different
kinds of services to customers. It will develop in UK market and concept to open it is that
platform has been developed to make effective services. This is open for middle class
family who are unable to afford luxuries services. This enterprise consider their focus to
provide accommodation facilities to different tourist destination at low price. It also
considers focus to expand enterprise in different new areas as well (Robinson, Cameron
and Crotts, 2016). Market research: Before open new business, it is important to conduct market research
that help to provide ideas regarding existing services in market. It also shows
opportunities to make high growth in UK market which could be done through asking
questions from customers. In addition to this, interviews also need to focus on people
reviews that assist to assess customers needs and demand in market. Main topic in
research will be covered such as customer satisfaction, quality of services, price, etc.
needs to cover to target several people in the business. Hence, middle class people will be
attracted easily in business (Gretzel, Sigala and Koo, 2015). Target market: Target customers consider in the business middle class. Therefore, all
religion, caste, etc. consider In major areas of UK market, it will be develop so that
effectiveness will be increasing in successful manner. Location: In UK, location consider to establish new hospitality business in major cities
and tourist destination where large number of people exist. The research program must be
consider to accomplish goals and objectives (Robinson, Ruhanen and Breakey, 2016). Scale: New hotel consider more than 200 rooms with AC and other 100 rooms consider
without AC. Funding: In respect to consider funding, half of investment done from bank loan and
other consider by me. Products and services: In respect to determines products and services in new hospitality
business, there are several elements included such as 200 rooms with AC and remaining
100 rooms are without AC. Furthermore, it includes food and bar services, housekeeping,
local guide, conveyance allowance also consider (Battour and Ismail, 2016).
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 Licensing: In the present, each and every plan will be consider with follow legal rules
and regulations. Hence, registration will be done under government perspective.
B. Produce project proposal (3.2)
In respect to develop plan of hospitality business, there design and attractiveness must be
develop to consider effective functioning. In this regard, several people attracted in hotel with its
interior design. In addition to this, hotel environment also require peaceful environment so that
customers will fill relax easily (Sigala, 2017). Services quality must be high so that customers
could be retained with its design. Therefore, design must be carry in following manner:
Stage 2: Design Ambience: This element help to attract several people at workplace with pleasant and
attractive manner. In this regard, design must develop automatically to attract people at
workplace. To set up dinner at roof top, it considers different colours of light. Walls are
also decorated effective and modern painting and craft. Hence, it helps to increase more
effective results in the business. Statues also maintain that covered with attractive carpet. Culture: Hotel also reflect with effective and smooth cultural environment. Therefore, in
restaurant and bars, decoration consider with music and arts that assists to attract more
people. It reflects to modern system of country (Tseng, Morrison and Chen, 2015). With
the help of creative lights, dance floor also decorated in systematic manner. Apart from
this, waiters requires proper training regarding their dress code and behaviour with
customers. Organisation also providing training to them to deal with time. Brand: In order to consider brand, new hotel consider qualitative and services at low
price. Main aim is to gain more trust and loyalty of people so that website help to solve
issues of customers (Ariffin, Nameghi and Soon, 2015). Interior: Interior design also consider in modern environment which assists to attract
several people in business. Therefore, statue and lamps decorated with flowers. Each wall
considers different colour decoration so that people will be attracted easily. With the help
of 3-D pictures, customer attraction develop continuously. In toilets and bath-rooms, bath
tub, accessories also included to attract more customers. Exterior: Exterior design of hotels also consider smooth functioning in environment to
attract more customers. Rooms includes balcony that consider eye catching views.
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Rooms consider more effective glass windows so that customers could be attracted easily
(Abubakar and Ilkan, 2016). Functional areas: Hotel also operated in different functional areas so that focus on
methods also consider provide services which deliver on time. In this way, customer
attraction could be increasing successfully that assists to meet with desired results.
Hence, customer satisfaction also need to develop that assists to retain people to visit
hotel. Customer flows: Further, exit and enter areas consider special place with enough
activities. Hence, customers have feasibility to enter and go from this place. It is essential
to focus on proper entering and exit areas so that attention of customers will be maintain
in systematic manner (Hung and Lu, 2016). Link to target market: In respect to create design, it is important to reflect middle class
people with their life. Customers with individual needs: There are several kinds of facilities and rooms are
available for customers who have different needs.
 Sustainability: In respect to maintain sustainability, it is important to survive in the
market for long run operations. Therefore, technology implemented that assist to improve
quality of services so that customers will be attracted with implement different strategies
at workplace (Neuhofer, Buhalis and Ladkin, 2015). There are different strategies could
be adopted that help to attain more significant results at workplace such as discount on
festivals, gaming and entertainment facilities for children, organising live music, WI-FI
facilities.
Stage 3: Operations
Hotel could be accomplish their goals and objectives with ascertain effective operations.
Management of the company need to develop significant advantages that performed in
systematic manner. Operations are also considered fulfil needs of staffing, recruitment,
promotions, etc. It helps to focus on maintain smooth functioning at workplace (Bowie, Buttle
and Mariussen, 2016). Staffing with functional areas: In new hotel, management need to consider recruitment
with highly qualified staff members. This is because, it assists to maintain impression on
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customers through follow method. In recruitment, training must be provide which assists
to increase skills and capabilities of members. Special qualification: In new hotel, HR prefer recruitment with bachelor degree
completion. It also needs to develop interpersonal skills (Minazzi, 2015). Therefore, first
preference is that chef staff members must needed 3 to 4 years experience. Issues of staff related with seasonality: In seasonality, staff members need to give their
more duties. Therefore, it considers performance benefits to increase their incentives. Cultural diversity and ways to deal with conflicts: In respect to develop better working
environment, it is important to treat all employees equally with equal opportunities. There
is no discrimination will be take place with consider same treatment and provide
opportunities. Policies and procedures of recruitment: Furthermore, HR need to focus on development
of strong policies and procedures. Policy assists to reduce discrimination so that
candidates are able to get chance of employment. Compliance with legislations: All policies and procedures must be carry to make
effective functioning at workplace (Boniface, Cooper and Cooper, 2016). There are
different policies consider under act and regulation. As results, hotel need to follow
Equality Act, Data protection Act, health and safety act, Non-discrimination Act, etc. Promotional activities: There are different numbers of promotional techniques exist that
assists to attract customers in business. In this regard, advertisement must be carry on
social media tools that assists to accomplish desired results. There are different elements
consider that assists to promote products and services of chosen business such as
Facebook, YouTube, LinkedIn, etc. (Brandon-Jones, Lewis and Walsman, 2016). With
the help of public relations, promotion will be carry to communicate systematic work
performances in UK. Therefore, ideas will be promoted to make strong and effective
results in the environment.
 Pricing: Prices also set as per 3 star hotel. Therefore, AC rooms consider more price as
compare to non AC. On the basis of pricing, the company consider important role to
make effective results at workplace (Kourouthanassis, Boletsis and Chasanidou, 2015).
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CONCLUSION
In respect to focus on the present report, it can be stated that travel and tourism sector is
very wide. It includes different types of activities and tasks that assists to develop customer
attraction in business. Furthermore, it also creates benefit to development in economy
performances. Hence, GDP growth of the country is continuously increasing in systematic
manner. Moreover, in present report plan carried for new hotel business so that it develop more
effective results in the country. Marriott consider their plan to establish new business in UK so
that more customer attraction will be develop. There are different stages articulated that assists to
attain more desired results at workplace with effective plan.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Abubakar, A.M. and Ilkan, M., 2016. Impact of online WOM on destination trust and intention to
travel: A medical tourism perspective. Journal of Destination Marketing &
Management, 5(3), pp.192-201.
Aragon-Correa, J.A., Martin-Tapia, I. and de la Torre-Ruiz, J., 2015. Sustainability issues and
hospitality and tourism firms’ strategies: Analytical review and future directions.
International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(3), pp.498-522.
Ariffin, A.A.M., Nameghi, E.N.M. and Soon, Y.K., 2015. The relationships between national
identity, hospitality, and satisfaction among foreign hotel guests. Journal of Travel &
Tourism Marketing, 32(6), pp.778-793.
Battour, M. and Ismail, M.N., 2016. Halal tourism: Concepts, practises, challenges and future.
Tourism management perspectives, 19, pp.150-154.
Boniface, B., Cooper, R. and Cooper, C., 2016. Worldwide destinations: The geography of travel
and tourism.
Bowie, D., Buttle, F. and Mariussen, A., 2016. Hospitality marketing. Taylor & Francis.
Brandon-Jones, A., Lewis, M. and Walsman, M.C., 2016. Examining the characteristics and
managerial challenges of professional services: An empirical study of management
consultancy in the travel, tourism, and hospitality sector. Journal of Operations
Management, 42, pp.9-24.
Gretzel, U., Sigala, M. and Koo, C., 2015. Smart tourism: foundations and developments.
Electronic Markets, 25(3), pp.179-188.
Hung, K. and Lu, J., 2016. Active living in later life: An overview of aging studies in hospitality
and tourism journals. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 53, pp.133-144.
Kourouthanassis, P., Boletsis, C. and Chasanidou, D., 2015. Tourists responses to mobile
augmented reality travel guides: The role of emotions on adoption behavior. Pervasive
and Mobile Computing, 18, pp.71-87.
Minazzi, R., 2015. Social media marketing in tourism and hospitality. Heidelberg: Springer.
Neuhofer, B., Buhalis, D. and Ladkin, A., 2015. Smart technologies for personalized
experiences: a case study in the hospitality domain. Electronic Markets, 25(3), pp.243-
254.
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Robinson, P., Fallon, P. and Crotts, J.C. eds., 2016. Operations management in the travel
industry. CABI.
Robinson, R.N., and Breakey, N.M., 2016. Tourism and hospitality internships: influences on
student career aspirations. Current Issues in Tourism, 19(6), pp.513-527.
Sigala, M., 2017. Collaborative commerce in tourism: implications for research and industry.
Current Issues in Tourism, 20(4), pp.346-355.
Tseng, C., Morrison, A.M. and Chen, Y.C., 2015. Travel blogs on China as a destination image
formation agent: A qualitative analysis using Leximancer. Tourism Management, 46,
pp.347-358.
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