Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences: Types and Teaching Methods

This report discusses the different types of intelligence outlined by Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences, including linguistic, logical mathematical, bodily kinesthetic, interpersonal, naturalist, and musical intelligence. It also explores teaching methods that can be used to help students learn, such as outlining the shape of words in color, using pictures, and making connections between words. The report concludes that intelligence theory plays a crucial role in improving learners' knowledge and achieving success in personal life.

Individual Essay

INTRODUCTION
Intelligence theory reflect that each and every individual have sort of eight intelligence
which bring modifications in the level of degrees of proficiency and their set of learning style
related to the specific field in that they are intelligence. All the schools and institutions are
required to work with the advance and developed logical as well as linguistic intelligence. It has
been found that there are various learners who can deal with such advance intelligence whereas
some of them can not do the same. The theory of Gardner present that the learners are being
effectively served through a broad set of vision of education and for the same purpose, several
methodologies, actions and practices have been attempted by the tutor for the purpose of
reaching to the wide number of learners in order to manage the procedure of dealing with the
logical and linguistic intelligence in an effective and efficient way. The respective report include
the scenario of the concept that is termed the theory of multiple intelligences that are designed by
Harvard psychologist Howard Gardner multiple intelligence theory.
TASK
Different intelligences outlined by this theory
Below mentioned are the several intelligences outlined by this theory: Linguistic Intelligence: This term is linked with the portion of Howard Gardner's
multiple intelligence theory which perform the function with high involvement of
sensitivity to the language in both spoken as well as written form. People with the strong
linguistic verbal ave capabilities of using the words in a better manner in the both forms
written as well as oral. Such people are found as expert in writing stories, reading articles
along with the memorizing the information. In simple words, it can be described as the
expression of oneself through the use of words and language. Logical Mathematical Intelligence: It is defined as the capability of analysing the issues
logically by caring out the functions along with investigating the problems scientifically.
With the development of this intelligence, individuals can work on their reasoning skills,
capabilities of inferring on the basis of patterns along with the abstract thoughts. On the
basis of prior knowledge, individuals are able to develop the effective connection. Bodily Kinesthetic Intelligence: The skills of manipulating both body as well as objects
on right time is defined as the bodily kinesthetic intelligence. Because of presence of high
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mind body union, such individuals have efficiency to manipulate the objects. This
manipulation take place in the form of physical skills which include dancers and athletes. Interpersonal Intelligence -This type of the intelligence is the ability to know oneself, in
which it is an effectual model of working of the oneself involving a person's own wants,
fears as well as abilities in order utilise such data effectually in accordingly to regulating
the person's own life. Person with having this kind of the intelligence are like Maya
Angelou as well as Aristotle which have the capability to recognise and know its own
wants, moods, encouragement as well as intentions. In addition to it, this kind of the
intelligence can assist the people in order to know and understand that which goals of the
life are more crucial and also how to accomplish those certain goals (Hofer, Nistor, and
Scheibenzuber, 2021). Naturalist intelligence – This type of the intelligence includes the experience in the
knowing as well as in the classification of the several specied which are fauna and flora
of his or her atmosphere. Person with having this type of the intelligence are Jane
Goddall and Chares Darwin who have the capability to understand and find among
several kinds of the animals, plants, formations of the weather which are found to be in
the any natural world. Musical Intelligence – as per this aspect, it is considered that the people who stands good
at the thinking patterns as well as the sounds and rhythms are said to possess the strong
musical intelligence as compared to that of the others. Also they entails the qualities of
strong appreciation of music and are said to excel in the composition of the music along
with its performance. Moreover , the music and rhythm are said to be strengths of this
aspect. Some of the major characteristics of this can be the people who can ascertain the
musical patterns easily or the one who can remember the songs easily. The possible
career choice can be of the composer, musician, etc.
 Interpersonal Intelligence - It is observed that the people who stand good in interacting
with the other people tends to have the strong interpersonal intelligence skills. The said
individuals are said to have excel in ascertaining the emotions as well as the desires and
intentions of the other people in more better way as compared to that of the other people.
The aspects of understanding and making the relation with other individuals are said to be
the major strengths of interpersonal intelligence. Moreover, the good verbal
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communication as well as the creation of the positive relations with other are said to be
some of the primary characteristics of this aspect. Other than this the the jobs of
counsellor, philosopher and the psychologist are said to be some of the possible career
choices for the person bearing strong interpersonal intelligence (Jnr, 2021).
Based on this theory what teaching methods can teachers use to help students learn
Through the recent research, it has been found that several number of students are facing
may issues related to the their academic tasks. In the overall performance of learners, Spatial or
visuo-spatial capabilities plays a vital role. All the teachers or tutors are required to adopt those
mode of learning which leads to the development of visual problem solving and visual estimation
skills in the students. Below mentioned are the several modes which can be used by the teachers
during the adoption of visual learning style in improving the learning of students: Outline the shape of word in colour: According to this mode of learning, the tutors can
adopt the usage of flashcards for the purpose of writing the spelling words in the form of
big letters. Along with this, they can outline a decided shape on the external side of
words. It helps the students in learning the things in a better manner. This framework has
been developed by the teacher for the purpose of not only giving the words a shape but
also for aiding the visual spatial learner in order to keep all the shapes of letter in the
mind. Use Picture: it is well known that various number of visual spatial learners focus on the
following different rules of English spelling due to the inability for speaking
phonetically. All the teachers have obligations for following these norms and apply them
even on expectations. It also present several issues. Hence, by applying this technique,
the teachers can overcome from the issues and difficulties which they are facing.
Through the use of picture, the teachers can develop an effective image of the word
which are not following the rules of English. It also help the students in speaking in a
natural strengthen manner by recalling the images. Make Friends between words: It has been found that several of spelling programs
teaches about the families of word where some teach about the rules of spelling. The
teaching of more than one program leads to the development of connection between
words which have similar sounds.
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 Take a picture of the word with the eyes of students: It is identified as the vital mode
which provide surprise the visual spatial learner. The respective technique work as a
missing link for success. Through this mode, students try to learn the spelling of words
without knowing about the meaning of word along with the reason behind the way of
spelled in the particular manner. Through the resource of this learning, the student can
enchantment the word through knowing about the accurate manner of spelling the word
along with making the senses at the first glimpse. In addition to this, the respective
techniques is being used to to give the shape to the word before spreading it into the
individual letters. Basically, it is divided in the several parts from full forms. It has been
found as essential for the for the teachers of visual-spatial to remember that the visual
learners must see the entire letters in shapes which are to be placed on random basis on a
page or line.
 Close your eyes and say it backward:- in this technique the student rely more on
sound approach instead of phonetic approach. The picture of the word is recall by the
visual spatial learner in their mind and effectively spell by them if they are reading form
books. If the word is spell by a student backward than this verifies that the image of the
word is committed to memory. With the help of this technique a strength has been
developed in the visual learner is that they don't get irritate from lots of repetition(Aziz,
Juniati and Wijayanti, 2020). If the word is spell backward by the student in a very
effective manner then this is the time to move to the next stage.
 Use colour:- this method is also very important in the visual-spatial learning. The
teacher noticed that how colour improve the ability of a student to read in the
kindergarten. With the help of bright colour an effective image of the word can be recall
by the student by the student which assist them in visual-spatial learning (Juhari and et.
al., 2020). For example like one day a student picked up the story book it is harder to
identify the words, but because of lots of image and colour in the books student start
identifying the words and star putting the sentences together. This is like fun for them
and created a fun context.
The techniques which have been discussed above assist the student to learn at least 100
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most common word of English. Of course it has been seen that there are different types of words
which are not spell by the visual spatial learner without looking them. The techniques which are
discussed above not only assist the student in enhance their visualization skill but also assist
them in achieving a successful position in life. They learn that they are too bright and this will
affect more than just ability of them to speak.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it has been concluded that the intelligence theory occupy a crucial
role in improving the knowledge of learner which leads to the achievement of success in the
personal life as well. This report has highlighted several types of Howard Gardner's Theory of
multiple intelligence which include Linguistic intelligence, Bodily Kinesthetic Intelligence,
Logical Mathematical intelligence, musical intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, naturalist
intelligence and many more. In addition to this, this report is also showing the several kinds
which are being used by the virtual spatial teacher for the purpose of teaching and providing
knowledge to the students.
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References:
Books and Journals
Hofer, S.I., Nistor, N. and Scheibenzuber, C., 2021. Online teaching and learning in higher
education: Lessons learned in crisis situations. Computers in Human Behavior, 121,
p.106789.
Hbaci, I., Ku, H.Y. and Abdunabi, R., 2021. Evaluating higher education educators’ computer
technology competencies in Libya. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 33(1),
pp.188-205.
Herrera-Pavo, M.Á., 2021. Collaborative learning for virtual higher education. Learning, Culture
and Social Interaction, 28, p.100437.
Tomlinson, M. and Jackson, D., 2021. Professional identity formation in contemporary higher
education students. Studies in Higher Education, 46(4), pp.885-900.
Jnr, B.A., 2021. Institutional factors for faculty members' implementation of blended learning in
higher education. Education+ Training.
Ainyn, Q. and Dwiningsih, K., 2022. Interactive Multimedia by Stimulating Visual-Spatial
Intelligence Trial. THABIEA: JOURNAL OF NATURAL SCIENCE TEACHING, 5(1),
pp.34-44.
Abdi, A.W., 2020. Visual-Spatial and Intrapersonal Intelligence: Identification Its Role in The
Learning Outcomes of Students in Islamic Schools. International Journal Pedagogy of
Social Studies, 5(1), pp.112-121.
Aziz, J.A., Juniati, D. and Wijayanti, P., 2020, November. Students’ Reasoning With Logical
Mathematical and Visual Spatial Intelligence in Geometry Problem Solving.
In International Joint Conference on Science and Engineering (IJCSE 2020) (pp. 203-
207). Atlantis Press.
Juhari, M and et. al., 2020, August. Descriptive Analysis of Multiple Intelligence and Career
Interest. In 1st Progress in Social Science, Humanities and Education Research
Symposium (PSSHERS 2019) (pp. 708-712). Atlantis Press.
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