Human Relationship and Life Transitions - Desklib

This study explores the components and factors influencing human development, nature of human relationship across lifespan, range of life transitions, and relevance of human relationship and life transition concept. It analyzes the case study of Julie, a 2-year-old child, and suggests strategies for her cognitive development. The study also discusses the normative and non-normative approaches to life transitions and their impact on human development. Subject: Nursing Care, Course Code: NA, College/University: NA.

Human relationship and life transitions
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Table of Contents
Introduction...........................................................................................................................................2
Components of human development.....................................................................................................2
Factors influencing the human development.........................................................................................2
Nature of human relationship across the lifespan..................................................................................3
The range of life transition....................................................................................................................3
The relevance of human relationship and life transition concept...........................................................4
Conclusion.............................................................................................................................................4
References.............................................................................................................................................6
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Introduction
Human development changes are one of the most important parameters which should be
considered in the nursing care. According to the case study, it is very much important to
analyze the developmental parameters of Julie which is essential for her holistic growth. The
nurse has to be aware of the psychological and physiological developmental changes that
occur in the childhood stage. It is very important to work accordingly in a systematic way so
that the cognitive development of the child is properly done. In this study, the components of
the human development and its parameters will be analyzed. The nature of the human
relationship will be analyzed so that the strategies can be taken properly for the cognitive
development of the child (Bale & Epperson, 2015).
Components of human development
According to the case study, Julie is 2 years old. The main components of the human
development in the child from the age range of two to five are both physical and
psychological transformation. The parents are the nurse taking care of the child should be
alert about this transformation so that they can analyze the holistic development of the child.
In the physical transformation is mainly related to the height, weight, internal skeleton
muscle changes which are more or less observed externally (Fjell et al., 2016).
The cognitive function that is the brain development also occurs in this age which is very
much essential for the child. In the case of Julie, she has a proper physical growth but her
cognitive function is lacking which should be improved by proper psychological nursing
care. According to the theory of Jean Piaget Julie is in the preoperational stage that is within
the age of 2- 7 and in this age, the cognitive senses start to develop in a proper way. Mainly
in this stage, the children understand the phenomenon occurring around them through the
sensory motor skill development. Strategies should be taken by the nurse and Victoria to
develop the sensory-motor system of Julie (Glass, 2015).
Factors influencing the human development
The factor that affects the childhood development during the preoperational stage is essential
to be maintained in a proper way. The factors which mainly affect the human development of
the child are the social factors and the environmental factors. According to the theory of the
Eric Erickson, it is said that through imagination and movement and proper communication
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the development of the children occurs properly. It is very much important in the case of
Julie, the nurse and her mother Victoria should properly communicate with her and give her
time so that her development can be done in a proper way. If the cognitive development is
done in a proper way it will enable the child to form proper sentences and express her
feelings in a perfect manner (Hasan et al., 2015).
According to the theory of Erikson in the early childhood stage the child goes through ego-
physiological task. When performing this ego physiological task help the children to develop
the cognitive domain which encourages the brain to perceive the phenomenon occurring
around the child in a proper way. If toilet training of the children is given ion a proper way it
will enable the Julie to grasp that task properly when the cognitive domain is working
properly. It is important to remember for the nurse that a proper environment should be
maintained which plays a huge factor in the development of the child psychology (Janacsek,
Fiser & Nemeth, 2012).
Nature of human relationship across the lifespan
The human relationship plays a major factor for the child. The relationship between the
mother and her child plays a very important role in the early developmental stages. There are
several stages in the life where the meaning of relationship changes. From the early
childhood stage to the developmental stage and to adolescent, adulthood and aged persons
this transition depicts the change in the mental state of the humans. According to the case
study, Victoria and Julie should have a very good relationship between themselves. Some
communication strategies should be mastered by Victoria so that the relationship between
them improves which will enable proper cognitive development of Julie (Meier, Rothen &
Walter, 2014).
The range of life transition
The transition of life should be gone through some of the factors. There are some of the
factors which work on the measurement of the transition.
Normative Approach: It is very important to note how the transition can be managed,
planned, and approached. To discuss the range of the transition, it is important to adopt the
Schlossberg model which deals with the relationships, assumptions, and roles of the society
and family in the development of the body and mind of the human being. So to discuss the
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problem of Julie, she must be accustomed to the environment as well as the family. As she is
not trained with toilet during the day and night time, so she needs to care for by the parent.
The full understanding of the problem may find out the solution to the problems relating to
the case of Julie. In the situation, the parent of Julie needs to take control of the situation.
The term ‘control' may refer to the emotional or economical. To discuss the matter closely,
the other children of the same age of Julie can go to the toilet without taking help from
others; Julie must be taken much care to improve the matter by her mother Victoria. Another
factor of this measurement is ‘recognition' (Narvacan, Treit, Camicioli, Martin & Beaulieu,
2017). The transition may be the learning opportunities for the human being. So the transition
can happen in any age group. From the age of 2 to 6 years, the children can learn various
skills which can help them to grow much in their future. In the age group, the children may
deal with the emotional activities which may strengthen their character.
Non- normative approach: By evaluating the above criteria, the children may have grown as
per the expectation of the parent. During the age group, the children learn not only to practice
it in the future but also it helps them to mobilize that to the other age group. As there is the
existence of the transition in every age group so whatever the children have learned in their
age group will help in a later period of life (Shaver & Sosis, 2014).
The relevance of human relationship and life transition concept
During the transition in 2 to 6 age group, there is the predictable and unpredictability in the
later period of life. The transition may help the adolescent in combating the adversities in life.
Through the transition period in the infant age group, they learn how to fight and struggle in
the later period of life. After crossing the age group of 6, the children automatically
accustomed to the activities of the postage group. The transition of the every age group helps
them to learn a new skill which helps them to pass the adverse situation in the later period of
life (Piek, Gasson & Summers, 2008).
Conclusion
To conclude the entire matter, relating to Julie needs extra attention to the development of the
mental and health. During the case study, it is found that Julie does not behave or act like the
other children her age. Although she can reveal her thought in four or five-word sentences,
she does require proper treatment for the development of her health and mental. Sometimes,
the new environment can change the mindset of the child. The child must be acclimatizing
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with the new environment for the development of the body and mind. The proper care and
support may lead broad changes in developing of the childlike Julie (Randler, 2015). The
parent of Julie must know the problem of their child. They need not worry about the health
and mental condition of the child. The proper nursing care and treatment can cure the
problem of Julie.
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References
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Neuroscience, 18(10), 1413-1420. doi: 10.1038/nn.4112
Fjell, A., Sneve, M., Grydeland, H., Storsve, A., Amlien, I., Yendiki, A., & Walhovd, K.
(2016). Relationship between structural and functional connectivity change across the
adult lifespan: A longitudinal investigation. Human Brain Mapping, 38(1), 561-573.
doi: 10.1002/hbm.23403
Glass, R. (2015). Brain disorders across the lifespan. Nature, 527(7578), S150-S150. doi:
10.1038/nature16027
Hasan, K., Mwangi, B., Cao, B., Keser, Z., Tustison, N., & Kochunov, P. et al. (2015).
Entorhinal Cortex Thickness across the Human Lifespan. Journal Of
Neuroimaging, 26(3), 278-282. doi: 10.1111/jon.12297
Janacsek, K., Fiser, J., & Nemeth, D. (2012). The best time to acquire new skills: age-related
differences in implicit sequence learning across the human lifespan. Developmental
Science, 15(4), 496-505. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2012.01150.x
Meier, B., Rothen, N., & Walter, S. (2014). Developmental aspects of synaesthesia across the
adult lifespan. Frontiers In Human Neuroscience, 8. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00129
Narvacan, K., Treit, S., Camicioli, R., Martin, W., & Beaulieu, C. (2017). Evolution of deep
gray matter volume across the human lifespan. Human Brain Mapping, 38(8), 3771-
3790. doi: 10.1002/hbm.23604
Piek, J., Gasson, N., & Summers, J. (2008). Motor control and coordination across the
lifespan. Human Movement Science, 27(5), 665-667. doi:
10.1016/j.humov.2008.03.004
Randler, C. (2015). Ontogeny of morningness–eveningness across the adult human
lifespan. The Science Of Nature, 103(1-2). doi: 10.1007/s00114-015-1326-z
Shaver, J., & Sosis, R. (2014). How Does Male Ritual Behavior Vary Across the
Lifespan?. Human Nature, 25(1), 136-160. doi: 10.1007/s12110-014-9191-6
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