Human Resource Management Report

This report examines the principles of effective Human Resource Management (HRM) through two case studies: Chocolate Presence and Microsoft. It analyzes the purpose and significance of HR functions, recruitment and selection methods, employee engagement strategies, and the influence of UK employment legislation on HRM decision-making. The report also explores flexible working arrangements, employee motivation techniques, and the importance of graduate training schemes and apprenticeships.

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................4
PART – 1 (CHOCOLATE PRESENCE).........................................................................................................4
TASK – 1.................................................................................................................................................4
a)Main purpose of the HR functions, its significance as well as present problems & future plans for
further growth...................................................................................................................................4
b)Strength and weakness of recruitment & selection methods of Chocolate Presence....................6
c)Potential Improvements for enhancing selection process in Chocolate Presence..........................7
TASK – 2.................................................................................................................................................7
a)Person specification for Receptionist in Chocolate Presence.........................................................7
b)Advantages and Disadvantages of current methods of advertising jobs........................................9
c)Justification for recommendation of placing the advertisement for the Receptionist vacancy......9
PART – 2 (MICROSOFT)........................................................................................................................10
TASK – 3...............................................................................................................................................10
b)Flexible working arrangement in Microsoft and its relative benefits...........................................11
c)Ways by which Microsoft motivates its employees by job design and role..................................12
TASK – 4...............................................................................................................................................13
a)Employee engagement and how it is vital in effective employee relation at Microsoft...............13
b)Key approaches to engage employee discussed in the summit and they help in improving
communication................................................................................................................................14
c)Key elements of UK employment legislation and their influence in HRM decision making..........15
CONCLUSION.......................................................................................................................................15
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................................................16

INTRODUCTION
For taking the firm to the greater heights, effective management of employees is
necessary. HRM function is very vital within the firm as it helps in developing, training,
managing human resource so that overall performance of business can be raised
(HarzingandPinnington, 2010). The current research report aims to understand the principles
of effective HRM by considering two case studies i.e. “Chocolate Presence” and “Microsoft”.
The report is being segregated into two parts, the first is related with the “Chocolate
Presence” organisation based in North Yorkshire and is engaged into tailored made chocolate
across the UK. The firm is actually facing high level of employee turnover, as the employees
achieving success. Also, there is complain in regards with the quality of products from the
customers. All of the short commings of busienss can be addressed by having modern
working business environment within the organiastaion which can help in managing the
business operations easily. It has become really important for the organisations to establish a
modern work system which can help in making the human resource management of the
organisation more effective (Shesterova and et.al., 2017). Present study will discuss purpose
of HR function and will discuss potential improvements that can be made to ensure further
growth of firm. Further, the second section of the report is concerned with case of
“Microsoft” wherein different training and graduate internship schemes being offered by firm
will be discussed. Additionally, flexible working practices and related benefits both to
employees and Microsoft will be explained. The concluding part of the report will focus on
how firm motivates its employees by designing job roles.
PART – 1 (CHOCOLATE PRESENCE)
Main purpose of the HR functions, its significance as well as present
problems & plans for further growth
Purpose of HR function
Human resource management (HRM) can be defined as a formal system which is
devised for managing people in an organisation. HRM is the process of recruiting, selecting,
induction, providing training and developmental programs within the organisation (Collings,
Wood and Szamosi, 2018). Role of human resource manager fall under three categories such
as staffing, employee compensation and benefits which forms an important function of an
organisation.
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The main emphasis of HRM is towards developing and managing the
important capital of the firm i.e. Human resource through comprehending their needs as well
as wants. With the assistance of human resource management, Chocolate presence can train,
manage its workers and at the same time develop their human capital to attain the firm’s
objectives. Moreover, HR function also deal with effective utilization of the available
resources with minimum costs (Lengnick-Hall and et.al, 2009). In the case company, HR
function’s main purpose is to improve the skills and abilities of the employees so that higher
level of performance can be achieved. It also supports in maintaining relations and
developing the workers by formulating strategic plans.
Functions of HR in Chocolate presence
The HR within Chocolate presence performs similar function which is being carried
out in almost every firm. Taking the firm towards glory and success, varied methods and
approaches is being adopted by the firm so that eligible and efficient workforce is recruited
for the vacant job position. Some of the important functions of HRM are as follows: Compensation & benefits – This is considered as the main element of motivation for
the employees which compels them to work better within the company. The Human
resource managers of Chocolate presence makes sure that adequate amount of
compensation as well as benefit is being offered to the staff members so that they can
be satisfied and performs effectively (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). Recruitment &selection – This is being regarded as the most crucial and complex
function of the firm. It helps in having efficient and capable workforce within the
organization. Chocolate presence considers varied methods to recruit and select
employees such as referral tests, assessment test, interview and many more. Human resource planning – It helps in forecasting the future demand of the human
resource within the firm and in advance make necessary arrangement for the same so
that no operation and function of Chocolate presence is hampered. With effective HR
planning consistent workforce is being introduced within the firm at right place and
time. Performance management –Performance management function of HRM supports in
measuring the performance level of the workers and offer them appraisal for the same.
Employees with extra-ordinary level of work is being recognized and workers with
average level of workers are assessed to determine flaws if any (Costen and Salazar,
2012). This is being done so that corrective actions can be undertaken timely.
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 Training and development – This functions supports in making improvement in the
existing skills and abilities of the staff members and even infuse new competencies so
that they can become more proficient. Areas that require further development are
being determined and consequently, training events are planned.
Importance f HR functions in Chocolate Presence:
Hman resource is the back bone of Chocolate Presencem and it deals with the
important resource and key people in business. Human resource functions helps in growing
and expansion of business of an organization. HR functions identifies the need within the
Chocolate Presence and helps in fulfilling the needs. Due to HR functions Chocolate
Presence can be able to recruit right staff members within the organization. It is responsible
for the plannig the human resources, training and development, recruitment and selction and
measuring the prfromance of the employees within the organization. Due to HR functions
Chocolate Presence can improve its business standards.
Current problems in Chocolate Presence
 Further, the turnover rate of workers is also very high
 There is no adequate recruitment and selection methods in place as the
organization is faced by high unemployment rate and the manager of Chocolate
Presence have created their own assessment test on English comprehension and
maths test which applicant have complained about. The managers within the
chocolate presence has utilized improper assessment test and thus, issues
concerning fairness of this method is also rising (Ferguson and Reio, 2010)
Future plans for further growth
For taking the firm to the path of success and to achieve further growth, the HRM of
Chocolate presence is devising a plan related to effective management of their staff members.
In this area, they are implementing many strategies related to retention, team building and
cooperation and motivation. Other than this, they are also planning to make arrangement for
training events so that current problems and issues can be resolved. The recruitment process
of also needs to be improved and thus, planning is being done by the HR managers to adopt
methods which are efficient and fairer like written test (Kehoe and Wright, 2013).
1. Avoiding hiring mistake: HR team should avoid erros in hiring a new staff members
for Chocolate presence and should take time for proper screening of candidates.
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2. Retention: HR managers should make proper and inspiring working climates in order
to retain the employees within the organization.
3. Strategic training and development: HR tram of Chocolate presence should provide
tarining and developmental prograsm for imprving the organizational performance.
4. Strategic compensation and reward management: Its main objective is to increase
employee satisfaction. HR team should give right rewards for the employee
performance in order to decrease employee turnover.
Strength and weakness of recruitment & selection methods of Chocolate Presence
Selection techniques
adopted by Chocolate
Presence
Strengths Weaknesses
Assessment test
With this method, Chocolate
presence can have efficient as
well as qualified workforce in
place
This method is not so reliable
and skills and abilities of
applicants might not be
assessed effectively
References
It significantly supports in
clearing out those applicants
whose behaviour is not
pleasant and fair in their
earlier workplace (Farnham,
2015).
This method is generally
backed by the issues pertaining
to legality. Many places have
some specific laws regarding
asking questions to references
and because of this, there
might be chances of fraud.
Informal interview
With this method, the
managers can comprehend
their applicants effectively
and thoroughly. It is quite
flexible in nature and more
comfortable form of method
as compared to structured
interview method.
It consumes lot of time and
sometimes proves to be
misleading, as one discusses
everything freely.
Consequently, the main focal
point of both interview and
interviewee many a times is
diverted (Bruck, 2014).
A table illustrates about the strengths and weaknesses of three types of selction
techniques which can be adopted by Chocolate Presence. Table describes the strengths and
weaknesses which are reated to Assessments, references and informal interview.
Potential Improvements for enhancing selection process in Chocolate Presence
In the current case scenario, the firm has involved references, assessment tests and
informal interview in its selection technique. (Sundar, 2013). It is noticeable fact that some of
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the candidates are not contended with the present methods being adopted by HR managers of
Chocolate presence and are of the view that they are unfair. Therefore, it is quite necessary to
make improvement in the existing selection methods of firm. In this regards, the HR
managers can change the current assessment test of mathematics to aptitude tests,
psychometric test andpersonality tests. From all these methods, better judgement about the
behaviour and personality of the candidates can be made (Griffin, 2011). Secondly, while
carrying out informal interview of the applicant, behavioural questions should be included so
as to understand the thinking process of person. Their choice being made should be analysed
and need to be discussed with selection committee in order to select the best person for the
vacant post.
TASK – 2
Person specification for Receptionist in Chocolate Presence
Title of the job Receptionist
Recruitment Manager HR manager of
Chocolate
Presence
Date: April 2019
Qualification required Essential Desirable Met
 There is a need of NVQ
diploma in order to be a
receptionist in Chocolate
Presence.
 An individual should
have some or the other
certified courses in the
field of human resource
development or
communication
Yes
Yes
Need of Experience
 More than 2 years of
experience in the same
Yes
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field
 Around more than 1
year of experience
in the areas of
customer service
(Lewis and
Thronbory, 2012)
Yes
Personal characteristics &
conduct
 Comprehension in
regards with computer
basics
 Good inter-personal and
communication skills
 Knowledge about
Grievance handling and
other HR issues
Yes
Yes
Yes
Advantages and Disadvantages of current methods of advertising jobs
Current methods Advantages Disadvantages
Internal recruitment
within Chocolate
presence
 With this method of
recruitment, the
existing staff members
of Chocolate Presence
will feel motivated and
work hard to achieve
the organizational goals
Chocolate presence can
use make transfers in
various departments
(Wilton, 2010).
 Another advantage of this
method is that if the workers
are selected from the internal
sources than the operations
within the company is not
hampered and a continuity is
being maintained.
 However, there are some
disadvantages of this method
as well. Recruitment through
internal channels will deprive
the firm from diversity,
innovation and uniqueness
 There will be less generation
of new and innovative ideas
as same talent is selected for
the new job role.
 Recruiting people from this
source will support the firm
to have wider range of
experience
 It is very longer process
 The process of selection
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External recruitment
on vacancy notice
board of the firm
 Large pool of workers will
be available from which
Chocolate Presence can find
best candidate for the
required job position.
might not be effective enough
to reveal the qualities of the
applicants (Sundar, 2013)
Justification for recommendation of placing the advertisement for the Receptionist vacancy
According to the case of Chocolate presence being described in the report, the firm
has taken into consideration two methods for advertising job vacancies i.e. Internal source of
recruitment, by advertising the vacant post to the employees of the company. Advertising a
vacant job position through the internal channels could help in motivating any staff members
who feels a chance of getting a job for the vacnt poosition in the company. Chocolate
Presence can make advertising through News mails, post a vacant job on company's website,
keep an updated jobs which can help in attracting the canditates within the company. A
company can alos attract employees by placing notice of vacancy on the noticeboard
(Briscoe, Schuler and Tarique, 2011). Another source of posting an advertisment using an
external source of recruitment such as social media, by posting a job vacancy on the social
media can help in attracting suitable candidates as it allows to post right content and
information about the job vacancy which can attract the suitabe candidates for a job of
receptionist.
Receptionist has to perform the job to provide professioanl and welcome expereices
for the clients and visitors visiting in the organization and also to answer the queries from the
customers through telephone. Chocolate presence have look for youngisters which would
reamain attentive and contribute towards building organizational culture of Chocolate
presence.
A company can use differnt sources of funds in order to hire receptionist such as
company can use its personal investments of company which is a easy source of funding for
the company. Also company can take bank loans which is another source of funding option
for the company.
PART – 2 (MICROSOFT)
TASK – 3
a) Benefits of Graduate training schemes and Apprenticeship
Human resource management is the most vital aspects of the firm and it is being done
by considering varied practices and methods. In this case, Microsoft an American
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multinational technology is being studies and offers graduate tarining scheeems and
internships. The organizational culture of Microsoft is such that it encourages personal as
well as development opportunities and at the same time offers different benefits and rewards
to its workers (Microsoft, 2018). The Human resource department of Microsoft adopts varied
functions such as training and development, performance management system, recruitment &
Selection and flexible working options to manage their valuable human capital. But, the most
vital and famous among all is graduate training schemes and apprenticeship program of
Microsoft.
Apprenticeship is being referred as the system of training wherein new generation
gets training while working or on job. These trainings are generally being carried out at the
time of work. Such type of apprenticeship lasts for three to seven years and on completion of
these trainings, employees gets a professional certification level of competence. On contrary
to this, the company also spent huge on graduate training schemes. In this program, the HR
professionals’ employs graduates with impressive academic record which lacks experience of
the practical world. In addition to this, this scheme also supports in building the gap and offer
skills to the graduates so that they can compete in this dynamic and vigorous business
environment. The training takes place for 1 to 2 years in range of areas of business offering
opportunities to the students before they choose their final carer option (Lengnick-Hall and
Aguinis, 2012).
Benefits of apprenticeship
Benefit to employer Benefit to employee
This training program supports Microsoft in
reducing the employee turnover as well as
absenteeism
It helps the workers in gaining significant
knowledge as well as skills
This method aids in enhancing the
production level and also develop
relationship between employees
It offer opportunities to employees to
showcase their capabilities and skills into
practice (Rees, 2013)
Benefits of graduate training scheme
Benefit to employer Benefit to employee
Employer can increase the level of
productivity within the organization.
Graduate training scheme offers training and
development opportunities to students who
lacks experience of the practical
It incresaes the employee retention rate
within in Microsoft (Mostaghim and et.al,
2013)
They get a chance to rotate in varied
departments and can get familiarity of
different functions as well
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Flexible working arrangement in Microsoft and its relative benefits
Flexible working arrangement is being referred as a practice that provides flexibility
to the staff members in relation with the working hours, place of work and time of work.
Now Microsoft is showing concerns towards the parents, family and career of their valuable
employees. Now, many other business corporations are also adopting these practices and are
getting aware about the advantages of these arrangements in their day to day operation.
Microsoft has taken into consideration flexible working practices like part time working,
work from home facility, compressed hours and early leaves so as to offer their workers a
great chance to have work life balance (Storey, 2014). These flexible working arrangements
offer numerous benefit to both Microsoft and its employees. Advanatge for both are
explained in the subsequent paragraph:
Benefits for Microsoft: Increased productivity – If the workers within the firm possess an ability to work
remotely from home, it helps them in saving lot of time on commute and they can
finish their work faster and earlier. While working from home, employees can work
effectively and comfortably which increases their performance level. Reduction in costs – Hot-desking schemes are getting popular in Microsoft and many
other offices as well which allows the staff members to make use of communal seats
as well as computers on the days they come into work. Because of this, the business
or the firm gets an opportunity to augment headcount without a larger need of office
space.
 Employee retention –Employees feel comfortable and valued when flexible working
arrangements are made for them by the firm (Parker and Wright, 2000). They put in
highest efforts to attain the goals of the firm and helps the company to lead the path of
success and growth. They become loyal and decides to stay with the company for
longer duration.
Benefits for employees: User-friendliness – Firm is making use of innovative technology and information
such as Google Apps which can be used by their staff members in order to
communicate with each other. These tools helps them to stay connected with the
clients, customers and other peer group. Further, because rinsing accessibility of smart
phones has allowed the workers to access their emails, files and documents from any
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location just in a single touch option. With flexible working practices, employees of
Microsoft can work from any part of the world effectively.
 Improved well-being – For the managers of most of the firm including Microsoft,
well-being of the employees is the major concern. It is very critical to make steps
towards encouraging workers to have positivity and enthusiasm for their job to retain
top talent. By providing flexible working practices to the staff members, Microsoft
boosts their morale and makes improvement in the physical as well as metal well-
being. If the workers enjoy flexible working environment, they will be less stressed
out and better rested. This further helps in reducing their risks of fatigue, stress and
burnout resulting into giving their bests on a regular basis (Akhter and et.al, 2016).
Ways by which Microsoft motivates its employees by job design and role
Focusing in relation with the term motivation, it is referred as an important process
through which behaviour of individual is being influenced in the direction where
organizational objectives and goals are met. There are range of methods being adopted by
Microsoft for motivating their staff members but the most vital among all is job design, role
and system of reward. Each and every employee who are excellent performers irrespective of
the level they work are assigned to the jobs which suits them. Furthermore, those workers
who have shown greater commitment towards their performance and excellence are offered
stock options schemes by the company (Danish and Usman, 2010). In addition to this, even
they are also provided incentives as well as rewards on the basis of targets achived by the
employees which is been set by Microsoft. Moreover, the firm offer numerous benefit as well
as rewards like discounts, child care facility, transportation, discounts and food availability so
as to encourage and motivate their workforce to focus on their role withinn the organization.
Supplementary to benefits, rewards and compensation, Microsoft also takes into
consideration development of new working conditions and develop a proper job design with a
view to restrain many issues related human resource. It also helped the company in
encouraging effective communication and interaction between the staff members related to
different departments. In this system of job design, the workers are clustered together in the
firm according to their job roles and accountabilities with the main aim to create and build
strong team. Because of this, it has offered a chance to the employees to regain their
confidence level and they have also begun to trust one another (Belcourt and McBey, 2012).
Moreover, the employees within the company also become competent to face any kind of
challenges and issues effectively.
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TASK – 4
Employee engagement and how it is vital in effective employee relation at Microsoft
Employee engagement is being defined as an enthusiasm that the employees feels
about their work and job. It is the basic concept in the effort to comprehend and describe the
nature of relation exists amid the firm and its workers (Bailey and et.al., 2017). Employees
who are engaged are very passionate about their work and devote their one hundred percent
to their firm and job. Additionally, they even go extra mile to contribute success of their firm.
In simple words, it can be said that engagement is nothing but the way employees work as
well as present themselves in a cognitive, emotional and physical manner. There are mainly
six elements of employee engagement that trust, caring, ownership, achievement, fit and
commitment (ALDamoe, Yazam and Ahmid, 2012).
Consequently, employee engagement is a workplace approach that leads to have right
condition for the workforce to offer their best efforts with the passage of time. Engaged
workers show their level of commitment towards the objectives of the firm and are
encouraged to attain success.There are many ways through which the employees can be
engaged within the organization such as timely appraisal of the performance, listening to the
workers, comprehending their style of learning, proper level of communication and many
more. With the help of these strategies, firm can up to some extent decrease their rate of
employee turnover and can retain employees for longer period of time. It alsexample of o
supports in enhancing the level of performance and leads the firm to gain higher revenue.
Importance of Employee engagement in effective employee relations at Microsoft
Conventionally, employee relation is all about keeping employee happy, minimizing
disputes and managing trade unions. In the present scenario, main focus is being laid by
Microsoft on employee engagement as a part of employee relation initiatives with the main
goal to augment and improve relationship with the workers (Arthurs, 2010). Through getting
workers engaged into the firm, Microsoft is getting benefits of high motivation level of staff
and also having advantage of greater competitiveness because their staff members are willing
to invest more effort and go extra mile. Employee engagement is integral strategy of
employee relations because of the following: Involvement – It is quite true to say that empty mind is the home of devil. Individual
within the firm who are not involved in kind of productive work actually keep on
searching excuses and start fighting for little things. Thus, involvement is necessary
for peach within the firm.
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 Hectic work schedule – Employees within Microsoft have hectic work schedule and
are busy in their work. They get less time to gossip and spread rumor and thus results
in better employee relations (Karikari,Boateng and Ocansey, 2015). Avoiding fights – It is noticed within the firm that those employees who are busy in
their job generally avoid themselves to involve in fights and unhealthy discussions.
This will result in the smooth functioning of a business. Interest in job – Those worker who believes that there job is interesting never think
what others are gossiping and thinking. It will improve the work productivity in the
organization
 Satisfaction- Employee engagement will increase the employee satisfaction within the
organization which leads to higher higher enthusiasm in the roles of the employees. It
will enhance the growth of a company.
Key approaches to engage employee discussed in the summit and they help in improving
communication
For keeping the employee engaged and motivated for longer period of time, money
and sound remuneration package is not enough. It reality there is a need of three most vital
elements that makes helps in engaging the employees of Microsoft such as making them feel
that their work is meaningful, feeling of security and self-confident and lastly, trust. In
Summit, numerous strategies related to employee engagement was discussed (Employee
Engagement Summit,2018). However, the most significant out of all is to comprehend the
opinions as well as feedback of the staff members. It is important for the firms to recognize
that workers are bedrock that founds the whole company. They will feel trusted, respected
and empowered if their opinions are considered in crucial decision making of the
organization. Other than this, it is also essential to develop a organizational culture in
Microsoft which takes into account working styles and preferences of each individual worker.
Projects and training should be offered to them as per their learning style, they will feel
encouraged and in turn perform well. Furthermore, regular communication, adequate training
and meetings in Microsoft are some of the approaches by which employees can be engaged
(Guest, 2011).
Key elements of UK employment legislation and their influence in HRM decision making Equal pay act 1970 – This act influences the decision making of HRM significantly.
Equal pay act 1970 prohibits less favorable treatment between male and female in
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regards with pay and conditions of the employment. So HRM has not make any
discrimination during setting pay scales of both male and female after selection.
 Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 – It is important for Microsoft to provide
amicable and healthy working environment to their staff members. Safe instruments,
medical facility and travel allowance should be provided. With this, the relation
between employee and employer will be good (Bell andHeitmueller, 2009). It
influences decisions related to health and safety of employees during the work. HRM
are continuously reviewing the work place in order to ensure the safety of the
employees and provide proper training to the employees related to health and safety
criteria.
 Amendment act 2000 – It is better known as the sexual offence act which is passed by
the parliament of UK for reducing the age limit and to make provision wherein in
certain conditions some sexual acts are considered as legal. Earlier the age limit was
21 and now it is changed to 18. Now Microsoft has brought the changes in
organizational rule related to sexual offence.
 Holiday pay act 1938 – This act also lays down certain rules and regulations that
influences the decision making of HRM. It entails rules pertaining to the paid holidays
for working class people. It include that if any staff member whose minimum rate is
fixed is entitled to have holidays with remuneration (MacDonald and Charlesworth,
2013). Microsoft is providing better holiday packages to dedicated employees within
the organization and also provide other rewarding benefits to the employees.
CONCLUSION
Thus it is concluded that HRM is important part of an organization and plays a vital
role within the organization. This report also concludes that there are various functuions of
HR and has great importance for the organization. This report also concludes that HRM help
in motivating and improving the performance of the employees within the organization. This
report also concludes that employee engagement is important part for employee relations
within the organization.
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Online references
Employee Engagement Summit. 2018. [Online]. Available through:
<https://resources.techcommunity.microsoft.com/employee-engagement-summit-2018/>.
Microsoft. 2018. [Online]. Available through: <https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/about>.
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