Environmental Risks in Maritime Logistics: A Case Study of Australia

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DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY

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STATEMENT OF ETHICAL CONDUCT

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

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ABSTRACT
In the last few years, the emerging trends of globalization changed the way of
business and it is growing very fast because of their ability to provide good products and
services to the consumers. It is observed that the process of shipping is linked to the
transmission of products from one country to another. The objective of this research report
is to evaluate the maritime logistics department and identify numerous environmental risks
and issues linked to maritime logistics. A literature review is conducted in order to analyse
the opinions of other researchers and improve the effectiveness of the paper. Mainly, this
research study focuses on the environmental issues and threats occurred in the field of
maritime logistics. It is observed that the maritime logistics is defined as the complex
process which is used in the business industries for shipping products and items from one
location to another. Such kind of process has the ability for improving the performance of
transport industries but there are several challenges faced by companies while using
maritime logistics which are described in this report. There are various research methods
included such as data presentation, analysis and interpretation, qualitative research design,
secondary data collection method, and content analysis process for analysing the obtained
data. This study shows the significance of maritime logistics in the business sectors and risk
factors linked with the maritime logistic process. From the literature review, it has found
that there are major two kinds of maritime cargoes used in the companies which include
general cargo and bulk cargo. This study discussed the key aspects of logistics maritime and
critically reviewed the types of maritime logistics along with their environmental issues. It
is identified that Due to enhancement in these calamities, the overall risks of the ports in
Australia have increased heavily with the passage of time. Therefore, it is concluded that
maritime logistic is an effective process which can be used for improving the performance
of transportation, but it is very important for companies to evaluate risks and issues linked

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with the maritime logistics. It is recommended that companies should focus on the
environmental risks and issues associated with maritime logistics and develop a risk
management plan for monitoring such problems.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY....................................................................................1
STATEMENT OF ETHICAL CONDUCT.............................................................................2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.......................................................................................................3
ABSTRACT.............................................................................................................................4
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION............................................................................................8
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH......................................................................8
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM...........................................................................11
1.3 RESEARCH AIMS AND OBJECTIVES...................................................................12
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS.........................................................................................12
1.5 IMPORTANCE OF STUDY.......................................................................................13
1.6 ORGANISATION OF RESEARCH...........................................................................14
1.7 SUMMARY.................................................................................................................17
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW...............................................................................18
2.1 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................18
2.2 CONCEPT AND ASPECTS OF MARITIME LOGISTICS.......................................19
2.2.1 Maritime logistics: definition and meaning.......................................................19
2.2.2 Activities of maritime logistics..........................................................................21
2.2.3 Types of maritime cargos and products.............................................................22
2.3 LOSSES IN THE GLOBAL MARITIME DYNAMICS............................................25
2.4 TYPES OF RISKS IN MARITIME LOGISTICS.......................................................30

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2.4.1 Environmental risks in maritime logistics..........................................................30
2.4.2 Environmental risks in maritime logistics in Australia......................................32
2.5 RISK MANAGEMENT..............................................................................................33
2.5.1 Risk identification..............................................................................................34
2.5.2 Risk evaluation..................................................................................................35
2.5.3 Risk mitigation...................................................................................................35
2.5.4 Risk monitoring.................................................................................................36
2.6 RISK MANAGEMENT APPROACHES FOLLOWED WITHIN OF THE
MARITIME LOGISTICS SECTOR.................................................................................36
2.7 RESEARCH GAP........................................................................................................39
2.8 SUMMARY.................................................................................................................40
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...................................................................42
3.1 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................42
3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN.................................................................................................43
3.3 TARGET POPULATION............................................................................................45
3.4 DATA COLLECTION................................................................................................46
3.5 DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENT.....................................................................47
3.6 DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE.......................................................................47
3.7 QUESTIONNAIRE DEVELOPMENT.......................................................................48
3.8 QUESTIONNAIRE CONTENT AND DESIGN........................................................49
3.9 RELIABILITY AND PILOT STUDY........................................................................50
3.10 VALIDITY................................................................................................................51

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3.11 ETHICAL CONSIDERATION.................................................................................51
3.12 RESEARCH GENERAL GUIDELINE....................................................................52
3.13 DATA ANALYSIS....................................................................................................53
3.14 CONCLUSION..........................................................................................................54
CHAPTER 4: ANALYSIS AND QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY........................................56
4.1 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................56
4.2 RESPONSE RATE......................................................................................................58
4.3 ANALYSIS OF SURVEY RESULT..........................................................................60
4.4 DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS....................................................................................82
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION..............................................................................................87
5.1 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................87
5.2 CONCLUSION............................................................................................................89
5.3 SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE STUDY..................................................................91
REFERENCES......................................................................................................................92
APPENDIX..........................................................................................................................108