Digital Technologies in Organisations: Benefits and Challenges

The assignment consists of 10 questions that assess the usage of digital technologies in Cafe Portrait. It covers topics such as the type of digital technology used, its impact on customer satisfaction and sales turnover, employee efficiency, and common problems faced after implementation. The assignment also includes a recommendation for a technology to improve business operations.

RESEARCH POJECT

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................1
1.1 Background.......................................................................................................................1
1.2 Research objectives..........................................................................................................1
1.3 Research questions...........................................................................................................1
1.4 Structure of research.........................................................................................................1
2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.................................................................................................2
2.1 Primary and secondary research.......................................................................................2
2.2 Survey method..................................................................................................................2
3. RESULTS AND FINDINGS.......................................................................................................5
3.1 Respondent characteristics...............................................................................................5
3.2 Raw data...........................................................................................................................5
4. DISCUSSION AND FINDINGS.................................................................................................8
4.1 Discussion.........................................................................................................................8
4.2 Finding..............................................................................................................................9
5. CONCLUISON..........................................................................................................................18
6. RECOMMENDATION.............................................................................................................18
6.1 Future research Challenges.............................................................................................18
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................19
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................20

1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
In the recent era, it is essential for the companies to implement digital technologies in the
workplace. Digital transformation supports firm in increasing their profitability and raising
operational efficiency of the business. Each firm aims to raise productivity and wants to attract
more people towards the brand. This is only possible by taking support of advance technologies
such as social media, email, internet etc. These techniques allow firms in making connection
with global consumers and expending business across the world. Present study is based on Cafe
Portraits. Research project will determine the role of digital technology in order to increase
profitability of the organisation.
1.2 Research objectives
Aim:
“To analyze the impact of digital technology on the business operations at the Cafe Portrait”
Objective:
 To analyze the concept of digital technology with relation to the business functions at
Cafe Portrait, United Kingdom.
 To determine the relation between digital technology and business functions at Cafe
Portrait, UK
 To measure the effect of digital technology on business functions at Cafe Portrait, UK
 To suggest and recommend the methods to improve performance of business of Cafe
Portrait with the implementation of the new technologies.
1.3 Research questions
 Explain concept of digital technology with relation to the business functions at Cafe Portrait,
United Kingdom?
 Explain relation between digital technology and business functions at Cafe Portrait, UK ?
 What are the effects of digital technology on business functions at Cafe Portrait, UK?
1.4 Structure of research
 Chapter 1: Introduction: In this section overview of topic, aim and objectives will be
explained.
 Chapter 2: Research methodology: In this part various tools and techniques of research will
be explained.
1

 Chapter 3: findings: Data will be analysed and findings will be generated.
 Chapter 4: Discussion: Overall results will be discussed in this section.
 Chapter 5: conclusion: This would be last part in which entire study will be summarised.
2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
2.1 Primary and secondary research
Research methodology is considered as essential part of research projects. It is systematic
analysis method that helps researcher in developing in-depth understanding about subject matter.
It is the way of addressing research problems and finding new facts (Taylor, Bogdan and
DeVault, 2015).
Primary and secondary both sources of data collection are helpful in gathering meaningful
in-depth information about topic. In present research project scholar has applied primary data
collection sources (Garg and Kothari, 2014). This method has supported in collecting first hand
fresh information related to digital technologies and its impact on business units. There are
several ways of collecting primary data such as survey, interview and questionnaire. In the
present project scholar has applied survey and interview methods. This has helped in identifying
how digital technologies are influencing overall operation of Cafe Portrait.
2.2 Survey method
Research philosophy
It is the type of method that describe the way in which researcher can gather data about
topic. There are three main types of philosophies: positivism, interpretivism and realism. All
these are applied in different kinds of projects. Positivism is the method that is highly based on
observations. In this tool scholar follows structured procedure to facilitate hypothesis. On other
hand interpretivism is another method that concentrates more on subjective way to gather
information (Silverman, 2016). These philosophy emphases on involving human being so that
subjective information can be used to achieve objective. Realism is another technique that
discloses reality. In order to find out answers of research questions related to impact of digital
technologies on business activities' researcher has applied interpretivism philosophy. This has
helped scholar in enhancing feasibility of entire investigation and supported in drawing powerful
conclusion. By involving theories and models researcher has become able together more
information about digital technologies and its relationship with performance of company.
Research design
2

It can be defined as set of methods or detail outline of entire research process. There are
various kinds of designs that are used in different research projects. Descriptive design is type of
method that describes present status and individual needs not to formulate hypothesis in order to
begin investigation (Fox and Alldred, 2015). Experimental design is another type of techniques
that helps in developing cause and effect relationship between two different variables. In this
method scholar has to make experiments so that real facts about topic can be revealed. On other
hand exploratory is another kind of design that formulate hypothesis in order to generate or
examine data set. This can support scholar in exploring facts related to subject matter. In the
present study investigator has applied descriptive design. This has helped in involving theoretical
aspects and models in order to develop understanding related to impact of digital technology on
business operations of cafe (Smith, 2015).
Research approach
It is another part of research methodology in which scholar is required to use specific
way through which reliability and validity of output can be increased. There are two main
approaches: inductive and deductive. Both these have unique characteristic and are used in
various studies. Deductive approach method is technique in which researcher has to formulate
hypothesis and test this hypothesis. This technique test theories in order to generate valid results
(Humphries, 2017). On other hand inductive method is completely difference from deductive. In
inductive approach researcher has to develop new theory. In order to identify real impact of
digital technology on cafe business researcher has taken support of inductive approach. It is
suitable tool for the present investigation and has helped in testing various theories so that
meaningful results can be generated. Individual has not framed any hypothesis, researcher has
used inductive approach and have applied theories in order to find out answer.
Research strategy
This is stepwise plan of entire investigation that describes the way in which scholar can
conduct research. There are two main strategies of carrying out an investigation: qualitative and
quantitative. In qualitative method scholar has to take support of theories and models. All these
theories support in conducting theoretical analysis so that research questions can be addressed
properly. On other hand in quantitative method scholar has to take support of statically
calculations (Ross, Rogers and Duff, 2016). In order to identify impact of digital technologies on
3

cafe business operation researcher has applied qualitative research strategy. This has helped in
analysing data in simple manner.
Sampling
It is important part of research projects; researcher has to select right number of people
from entire population those who can give efficient information related to topic. There are
several kinds of sampling techniques such as simple random, stratified, systematic etc. All these
have unique features and are used as per suitability of investigation. In order to identify impact
of digital technology on Cafe Portrait researcher has applied simple random sampling. It is most
suitable and simple way of gathering samples (Smith and et.al, 2017). This technique minimizes
biasness and tries to gather real facts without manipulation. Investigator has involved 15
employees of cafe Portrait. All the respondents have been selected randomly, individual has
chosen them within 5 days and they were requested to answer research question. All the
participants were above 18 years and have agreed to share their views without any force. Scholar
has chosen 15 employees of cafe, they have good knowledge about the firm and they can help in
finding data about impact of digital technology on business. Respondents have been selected
from different departments randomly. They are able to give real detail about influence of digital
technologies on business.
Data analysis
It is essential part of research project, after gathering information researcher has to
evaluate data so that valid results can be generated. It is essential to select analysis technique as
per nature of research project (Taylor, Bogdan and DeVault, 2015). As present study is
qualitative in nature thus, use of thematic analysis tool will be suitable for this investigation. This
will help researcher in preparing themes and interpretation of data in order to find out results. By
preparing themes and presenting data through graphical presentation individual has become able
to find actual answer.
Ethical consideration
Researcher has followed ethical guidelines while working on this research project. This
has helped researcher in avoiding issues and conducting investigation in systematic manner.
Scholar has sent consent form to employees of company. They have signed this form and given
their written consent for this investigation. Scholar has not forced any person to share their views
(Humphries, 2017). Furthermore, all details that are involved in this project are not being shared
4

with any third person. Investigator has taken care of security and maintaining privacy. All
information has been taken from reliable sources. Scholar has not copied material from books or
journals. Scholar has read these materials and has developed understanding. All details that are
maintained in third project are in own language of investigator.
3. RESULTS AND FINDINGS
3.1 Respondent characteristics
Investigator has involved 15 employees of cafe Portrait. They are well aware with the
actual situation of company and are working in the firm from longer duration. Thus, they are the
suitable persons to give answers of research question.
3.2 Raw data
Theme1: Cafe portrait utilize digital technologies at workplace.
1) Does your organization use digital technologies at
workplace? Response(%) Frequency
(a) Strongly Agree 46.67% 7
(b) Agree 33.33% 5
(c) Disagree 13.33% 2
(d) Neutral 6.67% 1
100.00% 15
Theme 2 Digital communication is used Cafe portrait at workplace to undertake business
operation.
2. Which kind of digital technology is utilized by your
organization to undertake business? Response(%) Frequency
(a) Cloud service 20.00% 3
(b) Digital payment 13.33% 2
(c) Social media 26.67% 4
(d) Digital communication 40.00% 6
5

Total 100.00% 15
Theme3 Utilization of digital technologies is beneficial for Cafe portrait
3. Do you feel utilization of digital technologies is beneficial
for Cafe portrait? Response(%) Frequency
(a) Yes 66.67% 10
(b) Not 20.00% 3
(c) Not sure 13.33% 2
Total 100.00% 15
Theme 4 Sales function is highly performed by organisation by using digital technology.
4. From the above. Which is function is highly performed by
organisation using digital technologies? Response(%) Frequency
(a) Manufacturing 33.33% 5
(b) Operation management 13.33% 2
(c) Marketing 13.33% 2
(d) Sales 40.00% 6
Total 100.00% 15
Theme5 Satisfaction is of customers towards Cafe portrait is increased after using digital
technology
6

5. Do you feel that satisfaction of customer's towards Cafe
portrait is increased after using digital technologies? Response(%) Frequency
(a) Agree 53.33% 8
(b) Disagree 33.33% 5
(c) Neutral 13.33% 2
Total 100.00% 15
Theme6 Sales turnover of Cafe portrait is increased after application of digital technology
6. Is Sales turnover of organization is increased after
implementation of digital technology? Response(%) Frequency
(a) Agree 46.67% 7
(b) Disagree 26.67% 4
(c) Neutral 26.67% 4
Total 100.00% 15
Theme7 Employees in organization are not efficient enough to use digital technology
7. Were employees in organization are efficient and able to use
digital technology? Response(%) Frequency
(a) Yes 33.33% 5
(b) Not 46.67% 7
(c) Not sure 20.00% 3
Total 100.00% 15
Theme8: Training requirement is most common problem faced by organization after
implementation of digital technology.
8. Which is the current issue for organization after Response(%) Frequency
7

implementation of digital technology?
(a) Maintenance cost 33.33% 5
(b) Training requirement 53.33% 8
(c) Direct contact 13.33% 2
Total 100.00%
Theme9 Innovation is the most important benefit of digital technology.
9. Which one is the most important benefit of digital
technology? Response(%) Frequency
(a) Improvement in operations 33.33% 5
(b) Innovation 40.00% 6
(c) Customer relationship 26.67% 4
Total 100.00% 15
Theme10 Cafe portrait should provide online order facility to improve business operations.
10. Which facility do you recommend that Cafe portrait should
provide to improve business operations? Response(%) Frequency
(a) Online order 66.67% 10
(b) Mobile applications 20.00% 3
(c) Social media 13.33% 2
Total 100.00% 15
4. DISCUSSION AND FINDINGS
4.1 Discussion
From the analysis, it is found that digital technology plays an important role in attaining
business objectives. It is also essential for business enterprise to attain business objectives.
8

Digital technology has also provided in improving sales turnover of organisation by increasing
some important technologies at workplace. There are various important facilities like online
payment have been provided by cafe portrait in order to increase customers satisfaction.
Analysis also stated that digital technology has provided impact on productivity because it has
raised the efficiency of employees at workplace. Communication technologies like social media
and other digital channels have been used by organisation to raise the customer service. They
have also utilized important technologies to raise the satisfaction of customer at workplace. Rise
in customer satisfaction have also raised the participation of employees at workplace. Increase in
customers satisfaction will embrace the participation of workers in the organisation towards
achievement of objectives. For maintaining strong position in market and attain competitive
advantage, it is essential for organisation to improve its application of digital technologies at
workplace. Implementation of digital technology in business operations have raised the
opportunities for employees to raise their efficiency and helps organisation to attain customers.
From the above results it is found that digital technologies play significant role in the
growth of business unit. Companies that implement these techniques gets benefit of raising its
profitability to great extent. Use of digital communication and social media marketing are more
effective tools that support the firm in making effective communication with buyers and
identifying their needs. By this way cafe can offer them products and services as per there
requirements. Social networking sites supports organisation in attracting more people toward
brand an raising its brand image as well. It is found that employees have no knowledge about
latest technology thus, providing them necessary training can support in increasing their
knowledge and they will be able to perform well in organisation. This will impact positively on
business unit and will help in increasing its sales revenues as well.
4.2 Finding
Theme1: Cafe portrait utilize digital technologies at workplace
9

Interpretation and analysis: In order to undertake research, scholar has used questionnaire
survey method in which he asked to participants that whether organisation uses digital
technology at workplace or not. From the sample size of 15 employees, there are 7
respondents who are strongly agreed with the statement that digital technology is used by
Cafe portrait at workplace. 5 respondents are quite agreed, 2 respondents are not agreed with
the statement whereas 1 is neutral. Hence, it can be stated that digital technology are used in
Cafe portrait.
10
(a) Strongly Agree (b) Agree (c) Disagree (d) Neutral
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5 46.67%
33.33%
13.33%
6.67%
Response(%)

Theme 2 Digital communication is used Cafe portrait at workplace to undertake business
operation.
Interpretation and analysis: In this questionnaire survey method, researcher has asked from
participants to state the type of digital technology which is used by Cafe Portrait to
undertake business operations. From sample size of 15, there are 3 respondents who have
stated that cloud computing is used by organisation, 2 respondents stated that digital
payment is the used by organisation, 4 people voted for Social media in marketing whereas
6 respondents have stated that it used digital communication at workplace to regulate and
manage business operations. However, it is clear that digital communication technology has
been utilized by Cafe portrait to undertake business operations.
Theme3 Utilization of digital technologies is beneficial for Cafe portrait
11
(a) Cloud service
(b) Digital payment
(c) Social media
(d) Digital communication
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4
20.00%
13.33%
26.67%
40.00%
Response(%)

Interpretation and analysis: In this above questionnaire, scholar has asked to participant
that whether the utilization of digital technology is beneficial for cafe portrait or not. As per
the analysis, it is clear that 10 respondents have stated “Yes” as they feel that digital
technology is beneficial for Cafe portrait, 3 persons have stated “No” because they have not
identified any benefit of digital technology whereas 2 respondents are not sure about the
statement. Therefore, it is clear that utilization of digital technology is beneficial for Cafe
portrait.
Theme 4 Sales function is highly performed by organisation by using digital technology.
12
66.67%
20.00%
13.33%
(a) Yes
(b) Not
(c) Not sure

Interpretation and analysis: From the questionnaire survey method, it is analysed that there
are 5 respondents who have stated that manufacturing function is highly performed by Cafe
portrait by using digital technologies. 2 people have stated this for operations management,
2 people are with Marketing and 6 respondents have stated that digital technology is
mainly used to perform sales functions at Cafe portrait. Hence, it is clear that sales function
is highly performed by using digital technology at workplace.
Theme5 Satisfaction is of customers towards Cafe portrait is increased after using digital
technology
13
(a) Manufacturing
(b) Operation management
(c) Marketing
(d) Sales
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4
33.33%
13.33%
13.33%
40.00%
Response(%)

Interpretation and analysis: As per this mentioned chart, it is clear that 8 respondents are
Agreed that satisfaction of customer's towards Cafe portrait is increased after using digital
technologies. 5 Respondents are disagreed with this statement whereas 2 respondents are
neutral. Therefore, it can be said that digital technology tend to raise customer satisfaction.
Theme6 Sales turnover of Cafe portrait is increased after application of digital technology
14
53.33%
33.33%
13.33%
(a) Agree
(b) Disagree
(c) Neutral
(a) Agree (b) Disagree (c) Neutral
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5 46.67%
26.67% 26.67%
Response(%)

Interpretation and analysis: From this questionnaire survey method, scholar has asked to
respondent that whether sales turnover of Cafe Portrait has been increased or not. From the
sample of 15 employees, 7 respondents are agreed with this statement, 4 are disagreed and 4
respondents are neutral. Hence, it is identified that sales turnover of Cafe Portrait is
increased after implementation of digital technology. However, it is clear that digital
technology is beneficial to raise the sales turnover.
Theme7 Employees in organization are not efficient enough to use digital technology
Interpretation and analysis: In this questionnaire survey method, research has asked from
employees of Cafe portrait that whether employee are capable enough to use digital
technology. From the sample size of 15 employees, it is clear that 7 are not agreed with this
statement because they did not feel that they are enough efficient in using digital
technologies. 5 people are agree and 3 are not sure about the statement. However, it can be
said efficient employees are required in Cafe portrait to operate digital technology at
workplace.
15
33.33%
46.67%
20.00%
(a) Yes
(b) Not
(c) Not sure

Theme8: Training requirement is most common problem faced by organization after
implementation of digital technology.
Interpretation and analysis: From the above, it is clear that there 8 respondents have stated that
training requirement is the present issue for organisation. 5 respondents are saying that
increase in maintenance cost is the problem, whereas 2 people have stated this for decrease
in direct contact of organisation with customers. However, it can be said issue of training
requirement has been emerged due to digital technology.
Theme9 Innovation is the most important benefit of digital technology.
16
(a) Maintenance cost
(b) Training requirement
(c) Direct contact
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
33.33%
53.33%
13.33%
Response(%)

Interpretation and analysis: According to questionnaire survey analysis, there are 5
respondents who have stated that improvement in operations is most important benefit of
digital technology for Cafe Portrait. 6 respondents are agreed with the statement that digital
technology tends to raise innovation which is beneficial for organisation. 4 respondents have
stated that it has increased customer relationship. Therefore, digital technology helps in
increasing innovation at workplace.
Theme10 Cafe portrait should provide online order facility to improve business operations.
17
33.33%
40.00%
26.67%
(a) Improvement in operations
(b) Innovation
(c) Customer relationship
(a) Online order (b) Mobile applications (c) Social media
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
66.67%
20.00%
13.33%
Response(%)

Interpretation and analysis: As per the above analysis, it is clear that there 10 respondent
who have stated that online order is the most important facility that needs to used by organisation
for to improve business operations. 3 respondents have stated to use mobile application. Whereas
2 respondents are agreed with social media. However, it can be said that online order facility
helps in improving business operations.
5. CONCLUISON
From the above study it can be concluded that digital technology plays significant role in the
business unit. It helps in improving its efficiency and increasing sales of the company. There is
significant relationship between digital technology and function of the organisation. If enterprise
implements latest technology then it would support in increasing its profit to great extent.
6. RECOMMENDATION
 Cafe Portrait should give necessary training to its staff members so that they can understand
new technique and can work on it effectively.
 Company should motivate staff members so that they accept changes and contribute well in
accomplishing goal of the organisation.
6.1 Future research Challenges
Researcher could conduct quantitative research on this topic, by using SPSS software and
applying T or Anova test scholar could find out actual relationship between digital technology
and business function.
Alternative research methods and lesson learnt
In this research project, scholar has utilized different research methodologies for
undertaking research in appropriate manner. This research has been conducted by scholar on
analysing impact of digital technologies on business operations. Alternative research strategies
are analysed as those strategies which are not used by scholar for achievement of research
objectives. It is also considered as important for organisation to attain business objectives as
these business operations helps in attaining high quality alternatives at workplace. Alternative
methodologies can also provide support in completion of research and achievement of objectives
appropriate manner. Rather than using interpretivism philosophy, positivism philosophy can be
used by scholar which is based on theories and helps in collecting data through interview and
observation. Apart from the using descriptive research design, scholar can also descriptive
18

research which helps in completion of research in appropriate manner. This methodology is used
to achieve the objectives and addressing the research problems.
Furthermore, individuals can take support of deductive research approach and can frame
hypothesis in order to find out actual answers. Use of SPSS can be beneficial in order to get
actual results.
I have learnt about various research methods and their effectiveness. I have improved my
communication skill that will help me in my future studies. Furthermore, this study has improved
my technical skills as well. I got to know about scheduling of work and resource allocation so
that project can be completed within specified period of time.
19

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Fox, N. J. and Alldred, P., 2015. New materialist social inquiry: Designs, methods and the
research-assemblage. International Journal of Social Research Methodology. 18(4).
pp.399-414.
Garg, G. and Kothari, C. R., 2014. Research Methodology. Methods and Techniques. New Age
International Publishers. New Delhi-110002.
Humphries, B., 2017. Re-thinking social research: anti-discriminatory approaches in research
methodology. Taylor & Francis.
Ross, C., Rogers, C. and Duff, D., 2016. Critical ethnography: An under-used research
methodology in neuroscience nursing. Canadian journal of neuroscience nursing. 38(1).
pp.4-7.
Silverman, D., 2016. Qualitative research. Sage.
Smith, J. A. and et.al., 2017. Proposing an Initiative Research Methodology for LGBTQ+ Youth:
Photo-Elicitation and Thematic Analysis. Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling. 11(4).
pp.271-284.
Smith, J. A., 2015. Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods. Sage.
Taylor, S.J., Bogdan, R. and DeVault, M., 2015. Introduction to qualitative research methods: A
guidebook and resource. John Wiley & Sons.
20

APPENDIX
QUESTIONNAIRE
Name:
Designation:
Company: Cafe Portrait
1) Does your organisation use digital technologies at workplace?
(a) Strongly Agree
(b) Agree
(c) Disagree
(d) Neutral
2. Which kind of digital technology is utilized by your organisation to undertake business?
(a) Cloud service
(b) Digital payment
(c) Social media
(d) Digital communication
3. Do you utilization of digital technologies is beneficial for Cafe portrait?
(a) Yes
(b) Not
(c) Not sure
4. From the above. Which is function is highly performed by organisation using digital
technologies?
(a) Manufacturing
(b) Operation management
(c) Marketing
(d) Sales
5. Do you feel that satisfaction of customer's towards Cafe portrait is increased after using
21