Understanding Leadership Theories and Concepts

The assignment focuses on analyzing and explaining different leadership theories and concepts. It includes a discussion of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, Lewin's Leadership Styles, and the impact of technology on team functioning. Students are expected to demonstrate their understanding of these theories through referencing provided sources and applying them to real-world situations.

Organization and
Behavior

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................1
3.1 Impact of different leadership style on motivation of employees.........................................1
3.2 Application of different motivational theories at workplace................................................2
3.3 Usefulness of motivation theories.........................................................................................3
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................4
4.1 Nature of groups and group behavior within organizations..................................................4
4.2 Factors that inhibit and restrict development of effective teamwork....................................5
4.3 Effect of technology on a team functioning within an organization.....................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Success and development of an organization depends upon the efficiency of the
operations done and the manner in which it is executed. Various operations such as allocation of
tasks to employees, supervision done by senior management and the degree of coordination
between different elements of the organization (Muondo and Perkins, 2013). Comprehensively it
is referred as organization structure. Attitude and beliefs of employees towards the working of
company is termed as organization behavior which significantly impacts the performance and
productivity (Jones, 2010). Present report is prepared to elucidate different types of organization
structure used by companies as per their suitability and use, impact of different leadership styles
on the motivation of employees and the manner in which organizations are segmented into
groups and teams. In the report, a software games development company Innov8 is taken into
account. In order to diversify the business, it caters to bring alterations to organizational structure
and behavior by identifying suitable leadership style, motivational theories and team building
manner. This report throws light on all the mentioned segments by evaluating it appropriateness
to the selected organization Innov8.
TASK 3
3.1 Impact of different leadership style on motivation of employees
Autocratic leadership
Leaders of the organization who is the sole decision maker in an organization such as for
deciding goals and targets, framing policies and procedures and directing and supervising their
subordinates is referred as autocratic leadership (Sapru, 2013). Unlimited authority is enjoyed by
a leader who with the close supervision undertakes all his tasks and works. It impacts negatively
on the employees self esteem as they are not allowed to take any decision.
Democratic leadership
Also, known as participative leadership, in this type with less degree of power distance,
leaders take crucial decisions with respect to the operations in the organization involve their
employees. This involves employees in decision making process (Haller, Fisher and Gapp,
2007). Strategist in nature leaders motivates their employees by making them feel valued and
consider their opinions.
Laissez-faire
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Laissez-faire is highly decentralized form of leadership in which authorities and task are
delegated to their subordinates without any involvement of leaders. Such type of leadership is
adopted in the organization where there are highly skilled employees who are specialists and
expertise in their fields (Fleet and Griffin, 2006). Empowered with the decision making rights,
employees are highly motivated in this type of leadership.
3.2 Application of different motivational theories at workplace
While undergoing different stages of evolution, employees experiences different situation
including both success and failure. To keep their employees stable in all the conditions and
encourage them to work with fast pace, managers of organization uses different motivational
theories which drives them towards work and job. Managers of innov8 uses three different
theories of motivation depending upon the situation.
Herztberg's motivation-Hygiene theory
According to this theory there are two types of factors that affect the motivation of
employees and stack them towards the job that are hygiene factors and motivators. Managers of
Innov8 take care about the hygiene factors such as remuneration paid to them, job security
extended and the working conditions which have significant impact on the efficiency level of the
employees (Klein And Kozlowski, 2000). This helps them to retain their workforce. Other
factors are motivators which encourages them to find it comparatively more lucrative. Innov8
motivates their employees by acknowledging their achievements, recognize their strengths,
provide them responsibility and accountabilities and help them in their personal growth.
Maslow Hierarchy of needs
Innov8 by inculcating policies and procedures in their management follow maslow's
theory of motivation fulfilling five level of hierarchy of needs that are physiological needs,
safety needs, belonging needs, self-esteem needs and self actualization needs (Liu And Peter
McClure, 2001). Innov8 satisfy the needs of employees in the following ways:
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Source: Maslow, 2016.
Mcgregar's XY theory
According to this mangers adopt two types of styles authoritative and participative as per
the situation realizing the need. Such as when employees posses he traits to be directed and
supervised, mangers motivates them to work by adopting authoritative style on the other hand
when employees seek powers to take decisions and involvement, partipative style is used
(Walton, 2011).
3.3 Usefulness of motivation theories
Efficiency of employees
Encouraging towards work and driving the desire to give cent percent enables the
employees to increase their efficiency level by adopting various means and methods. It works in
three manner that are increasing productivity, reducing the cost of operations and impacting the
overall efficiency of employees (Westelius, Westelius And Brytting, 2013). Herzberg's
motivation theory enables the organization to comply with all the hygiene and motivation factors
which has direct impact on the increment of efficiency of employees.
Achievement of goals
Adopting different motivation theories makes the goal directed work environment.
Through proper utilization of resources, goals and targets are achieved in the coordinated and
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Illustration 1: Maslow's hierarchy of needs

cooperative manner. McGreger's theory X and Y, through different approaches leads to the
striving towards goals and targets in a more dedicated manner.
Develops good relational constructs between employer and employees.
Adopting methods such as providing monetary and non monetary incentives, creating
opportunities for employees, addressing disputes and conflicts in effective manner and others
build a strong relationship between employer and employees leading to profit maximization.
Reducing the employee turnover
Motivating employees towards their work encourages the employees to stay with the
organization for the longer duration of time and providing the outstanding services to the
customers (Mount, Ilies and Johnson, 2006). Feeling of participation in the decision making
process and other process makes the employees loyal towards the organization. Good relational
constructs build between employer and employee increases the satisfaction level of employees
enabling larger retention.
Bring innovation and creativity
Motivation theories improves the willingness of employees towards that trickles down its
effect by increasing the effective utilization of resources for the accomplishment of goals and
targets.
Hence, the selected organization accrue significant benefits from the process of adopting
motivational theories.
TASK 4
4.1 Nature of groups and group behavior within organizations
Groups are the collective form of people having certain degree of interactions and
influence with each other. On the basis of certain features, groups are categorized in two ways
that formal groups and non formal groups (Zimmerman, 2008).
Formal groups and informal groups
Formal groups in innov8 are formed within the framework of organizational structure
only with the definite purposes and roles. There is specified form of hierarchy in this form of
groups with the delegation of duties and responsibilities in their respective areas (Bhatt, 2002). In
innov8 there groups are HR, marketing, manufacturing, finance, research and development,
There are particular mission and objectives that are to be achieved by the members of the groups
with the set of policies laid down. Whereas informal groups are less permanent in nature with
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subjective norms and principle laid by the members itself without any specification (Vakkuri and
Meklin, 2006). Aims and intentions are less official in nature and are inclined to meet social
needs and to build relational constructs.
Forming groups proves to be very beneficial for the organization such as efficient
interaction between employees leads to the better understanding of tasks and duties; distributed
authorities and accountability leads to the accuracy in decision making process; members of
group determined towards achieving any goal of targets leads to the efficient accomplishments; a
sense of trust and confidence is build between the employees of the organization that leads to the
resolving of conflicts and disputes in the more effective manner (Nutbeam, Harris and Wise,
2010).
Teams Groups
 Teams are form in the structure manner
towards the attainment of certain goals
and targets.
 It is monitored under the guidance and
supervision of a leader.
 There is the need of certain qualities
which are to be possessed by a leader
such as commitment, coordination,
motivation, conflict management and
other related.
 Informal and formal groups are created
due to common interests and
similarities rather that aiming towards
attainment of goals.
 All members are placed at same
hierarchy.
 No one person is accountable to take
decisions, it is made by mutual consent
of all the members.
4.2 Factors that inhibit and restrict development of effective teamwork
Development of effective team work is very essential in an organization. There are many
factors that promote and inhibit its development in various respects (Meaning of perception,
2014). There are three components mentioned which have different impacts in the promotion and
restriction of effective team work in two different aspects.
Leadership
Leader is the key component in promoting the team building spirit in an organization.
Efficient leader leads to the enhancement of coordination and corporation among employees by
adopting different methods such as tuckman team building models which leads to enhancement
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of coordination of different members by undergoing through a series of stages such as forming,
storming, norming, performing and adjourning (Turak, 2013). By directing and supervising
employees towards their goals with the specified set of objectives and tasks, employees are
initiated towards work (Bass and Riggio, 2008). On the other hand ineffective leadership leads to
the downturn of organization. It leads to the increase in conflicts and disputes arising among
employees which hamper productivity and profitability.
Communication
Communication is the medium of connection between employer and employee. Effective
communication leads to the delegation of tasks and work in more precise and effectual manner.
Leader possessing proficiency in communication that manifests in both the verbal and non verbal
manner results in the better understanding by the employees and leads towards the
accomplishment of goals and objectives (Chun, Shin, Choi, and Kim, 2013).
Cohesiveness
It refers to the extent in which different members of the team coordinate and connect with
each other. It refers to the attitude possessed by the employees in order to bring complaince with
the goals and targets. High degree of cohesiveness proves to be beneficial for the effectiveness of
the working of team.
Dealing with conflicts
One of the biggest hindrances in the effectiveness of a team is the conflicts and disputes
arising among the members of between the employer and employees (Smith, Binns and
Tushman, 2010). Leaders are supposed to resolve the conflicts in the effective way such as by
arranging meetings, listening to both the concerned parties in impartial manner and finding
optimum solutions from different options with the mutual consent.
4.3 Effect of technology on a team functioning within an organization
Advancement of technology has led the way for organization to move towards the path of
growth and development with faster pace. Having diverse range of benefits in different segments
, use of technology proves to be effectual in improving the team functioning with an organization
in different dimensions.
Connectivity and networking
Innov8 is the software game development company offering its products and services in
different parts of the world. It is imperative to maintain the coordination and connectivity among
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the branch heads. Advancement in technology in telecommunication has decreased the
boundaries between business entities and connected with other through effective mediums. Such
as utilizing virtual platform that is internet is utilized by different members of management
around the globe and suppliers to conduct meetings and have discussions on crucial issues. It
enables them to derive instant solutions. Further, better monitoring and controlling is executed
from the central point to all the linked destinations.
Training and developments
Innov8 caters to develop the organization by enhancing its productivity and efficiency.
With the use of technology, teams are trained and developed to provide the quality products.
Utilizing the virtual environment senior management keep in touch with their subordinates to
delegate their respective tasks and duties, seek results and outcomes, identify performance
situations (Uitdenbogerd, 2007).
Performance enhancements
Technology is well utilized by the organization innov8 to enhance their performances by
evaluating them on quantitative and qualitative grounds (Impact of technology on team
functioning. 2016). Using various tools and technoques like models and statistical measures,
financial results and qualitative assessment is done. With the accurate and precise results,
management of innov8 increases the productivity of all the employees.
CONCLUSION
Organization behavior has the significant impact on the performances of the employees
and the complete unit. It includes the organizational structure which decides the manner in which
tasks and duties are allocated to employees, coordination is processed, and operations are
performed. Different structures are used in organizations as per their suitability such as Innov8
uses multidimensional structure with division of task in semi autonomous units. Further, from
the study it has been articulated that use of situation leadership, technology for team building
proves beneficial for the organization in lucrative manner.
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REFERENCES
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