Importance of Motivation and Theories of Motivation

This report discusses the importance of motivation and explores theories of motivation, including Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Vroom's Expectancy Theory. It also examines factors that influence employee motivation and provides recommendations for improving motivation and performance. The report includes a personal reflection on the impact of motivation on personal and professional development.

INDIVIDUAL
ASSESSMENT

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The report has explain the importance of motivation and the ways in which the
motivation can develop better result. It has been discussed by the theories of motivation by
Maslow and Vroom's motivation theories. Recommendation to the better result by the motivation
into the process of developing performance.

Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................4
Define Motivations......................................................................................................................4
Theories of motivation.................................................................................................................4
Factors Influencing employee motivations..................................................................................7
Reflective writing.........................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION...............................................................................9
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
The report will explain the importance of motivation and will also explain the factors
which influence employee motivation. The essay further explain the theories of motivation and
their advantage and disadvantages. At the end the recommendation and conclusion will be
recommended. The report at the end will discuss a personal reflection of the incident and
experience in the project.
MAIN BODY
Define Motivations
Motivation :
Motivation refer to the process of developing the confidence into the employee so that
they can improve their performance and develop the skills and knowledge which can help them
in getting better opportunities in life. It is a process which guide, initiate, goal-oriented
behaviour. It is the way or the cause of the action a person took for the satisfaction. It can be
reading a book to gain knowledge or to drink a glass of water to remove the thirst.
Theories of motivation
The theories of motivation are as follow:
Maslow's Hierarchy of Need
Maslow's Hierarchy of Need is the theory developed by Abraham Maslow in the 1940s
and 1950s (Diamantidis and Chatzoglou, 2019). The theory explain the need into 5 basic
categories. The Hierarchy of Need is explained by Abraham Maslow in different segment
explaining the need into motivation to the people.
 Physiological needs
Physiological needs refer to the basic needs of the people which they want in their life.
They are those needs which help a person to live or to survive, it include the food, water, shelter,
sleep.
 Safety and security

The second Hierarchy of Need into the Maslow theory is about getting safety and
security. It refer to the process as the people who get basic needs completed then they went for
others needs including the safety and security of jobs, income, home, health and others factors.
 Belongingness and love
The third Hierarchy of Need explain that after the basic needs and the safety and security
needs get completed, people shift to love and belongingness which include their relationships,
love life, family or friends, team members.
 Esteem
The esteem needs refer to those needs of the person which they focus when they
complete other needs and want to achieve some esteem in their life and want to get acknowledge
for what they do.
 Self-actualization
Self-actualization needs are the end of the needs where a person achieve the entire things
or they are at the realization that they have achieved everything they can in their life.
Critical analysis
Maslow's theory helped in explaining a great instruction about the needs and motivation
about human behaviour. It is one of the best motivation theory in the modern applications
especially into the business. For example Marks and Spencer's are one of the top retailer into the
UK which is working in all the sector of the retail industry. They always take initiation in
making sure that they motivate their employee and also help them get motivate to increase
performance and gets better results (Genevrier, Zambrzhitskaia and Yagodin, 2019). However, it
can be critically analysed that the Maslow's Hierarchy of Need is done on the limited
populations only which is one of the weakness of the theory and it also lack in esteem and
security needs as they can be vary from person to person. The theory explain a lot of needs but
every need cannot be achieved as the time and situation varies from different person.

Vroom's expectancy theory
The expectancy theory of Vroom's process on the motivation content as well with the
integrates needs, reinforcement and equity theories (Hopper,2019). The theory explain how the
person choose from different option into their working things and keep themselves motivated for
a particular objective.
It is divided into 3 segments are as follow:
Expectancy
Expectancy refer to the process in which the person things that if they work hard and put
more efforts they will get better performance and better results into the overall objective. This is
the process in which they thing that working hard can create in new opportunity and achieve the
process of development and also motivate in keep going harder.
Instrumentality
this refer to the relation between the activity and the goals, it shows that when a person is
focused in doing something then it will be achieved with the determination and it also can make
a good impact in the overall performance of the employee (Idowu, 2017).
Valence
it refer to the degree in which the person value the rewards, the result of the success. In this the
process of accepting and value the rewards a person gets make them motivate for other things.
Critically Analysis
The expectation of the employee gets boosted up by the rewards and recognition they get.
With the proper goal set. When the expectancy is fulfil the motivation gets higher. However, it
require an practical participation into the process of working hard and if it does not happen then
its hard to get the desire result. The critically analysed Show that the expectancy depend on the
factors of how they are performing and it require the exact hard work for what they are expecting
to get. They need to make sure that they are using all the factors of the Vroom's expectancy
theory to get motivated. Expectancy is something which a person expect but for that it is
important to put the efforts and the efforts also need to be doe in the proper ways so that they can
also be used in development of the working into the business.

Factors Influencing employee motivations
Rewards and recognition
Every employee who is working for the business need to get proper rewards and
recognition so that they get motivated and work better with improved performance (Stewart,
Nodoushani and Stumpf, 2018). Marks and Spencer's also provide the accurate recognition and
provide them with rewards so that the employee who are working of the organization get
motivated in improving better performance result in the overall performance of the organization
with improve productivity and profitability.
Development
Development include providing the development to the employ in their profile working
and also provide them appraisal with the work which make them rely on the organization and
they will work harder in related to get the development completed into business (Patil, 2020).
Leadership
Leadership is one of the factor which help the employee in getting motivated towards
work and the Marks and Spencer's focus as their leaders are always motivating other employee
in getting the performance improved. Leadership helped in motivating employee and make it get
develop into working better and lead people to work smarter.
Work life balance
Work life balance is very important for the employee to get motivated because they also
have their personal life and family and friends. They need to have a balance in their life between
the personal and professional cycle (Madhukar and Sharma, 2017). They need to make sure that
they are developing the best of the balance and the organization to help them in the process of
working so they get motivated.
Work environment
Work environment need to be developed and Marks and Spencer's are always into
promoting towards the working environment because they understand that the working
environment need to be best to motivate the employee and it is important for them to make
different changes to make it positive and motivating for the employee (Reizer, Brender-Ilan and
Sheaffer, 2019).

Reflective writing
Drawing on the discussion made above, I realised that I need to develop a lot of skills
into myself which can help me in understanding better knowledge about the working and
development into myself. I learned a lot of new skills which include the leadership skills into me.
Leadership is one of the major skills which every person should have as it is important to
become a leader and know how to lead others into achieving of goals. It can critically analysed
that I was not good into the leadership skills but due to the responsibilities I get into the
university I realised that I need to develop the skills to improve my presentation and it can also
help me in the future itself. I worked on a lot of projects where I need to lead a group of student
and for that I prepared myself in development of those skills, for that I worked on internet and
learn a lot of ways in which the leadership can be developed and while processing the
development I get a lot of motivation when I saw the change into my personality.
The importance of motivation is something which is a priority for development and I
worked on lots of skills to improve the personal development. I was not good with the
communication skills and was lacking into the presentations skills, I used to hide from talking to
unknown people and used to run away when need to present something into the presentation. But
I realised that it is one of the major skills and knowledge which I should have to improve the
personal and professional development. I took a lot of personality development tutorials and
practical sessions to improve this skills and also with this I started on the oral and written
communication to improve presentations and communications. I took a lot of sessions and talked
to all the friends in eliminating the issues and developing into the better communication skills.
I participated in the classes with all initiative in participating in different activities and
taking initiate in the process of developing skills with better development of communication, I
also indulge into the project where I was leading the entire group of student which showed my
developing skills of leadership and it also helped in making the leadership skills goes perfect.
These skills will help me in future into the professional development and I'm also working in the
time management skills to make it better so that I can manage the time management when I need
to do a lot of stuff in the short period of time. It required a good control on what is to be done
and the process of developing the time shifting into the process of managing the time. Time
management help in making good decision and it also help in calculating different things at one
time and get the desire result which I want to achieve.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
The report concluded that it is important to have a motivated working environment and the
employee should be treated well so that they employee gets motivated. The report further
conclude that working is important and putting efforts are important to get the desire result
which they want. It is important to follow the needs and work step by step to increase the
performance into the process of getting motivated and improve performance.
To recommend it is important to provide the employee with regular training and development
program which increase their interest in working into the organization and they get better into
their work. They need a proper communication and need to have a great ways of structured
communication where they can ask and tell about the issues they are facing and it need to be
cleared by the organization. It will help them in maintaining the professionalism and also make
them rely on the organization and will be retained for a longer period of time in the business.
Working on the development of organizational behaviour also help in increasing the performance
and also motivate people working into the business for a longer time. Getting regular acceptance
and getting recognition help them in creating a different way of development and motivate in
increasing performance.
s
REFERENCES
Books and journals

Diamantidis, A.D. and Chatzoglou, P., 2019. Factors affecting employee performance: an
empirical approach. International Journal of Productivity and Performance
Management.
Genevrier, J., Zambrzhitskaia, E.S. and Yagodin, V.V., 2019. Maslow's hierarchy of needs in the
workplace in modern conditions. In СОВРЕМЕННЫЙ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ:
ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА (pp. 7-11).
Hopper, E., 2019. Maslow's hierarchy of needs explained. Viitattu. 12. p.2019.
Idowu, A., 2017. Effectiveness of performance appraisal system and its effect on employee
motivation. Nile Journal of Business and Economics. 3(5). pp.15-39.
Madhukar, V. and Sharma, S., 2017. Impact of organisational climate on employee motivation:
A conceptual perspective. International Journal in Management & Social
Science. 5(7). pp.325-336.
Patil, M., 2020. Victor Vroom’s Expectancy Theory of Motivation.
Reizer, A., Brender-Ilan, Y. and Sheaffer, Z., 2019. Employee motivation, emotions, and
performance: a longitudinal diary study. Journal of Managerial Psychology.
Stewart, C., Nodoushani, O. and Stumpf, J., 2018, July. Cultivating employees using Maslow's
hierarchy of needs. In Competition Forum (Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 67-75). American
Society for Competitiveness.