Information and Big Data Management

This assignment focuses on recognizing management issues within an organization and understanding the process of decision making for proper information system. It proposes the implementation of an ERP system in Town hospital, Romanian to enhance performance and manage data effectively.

Running head: INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
Information and Big Data Management
-COURSEWORK HANDOUT
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Stage1- About the organization.......................................................................................................2
Stage 2.............................................................................................................................................4
About the ERP system.................................................................................................................4
Functionality of ERP system for Town Healthcare.....................................................................5
Reason behind selecting ERP system..........................................................................................7
Stage 3.............................................................................................................................................8
Potential problems.......................................................................................................................8
IMP for the development of the new system.............................................................................10
Information Requirement Analysis................................................................................................17
Issues faced while implementing ERP system..........................................................................19
Ethical considerations for ERP implementation........................................................................20
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................21
References......................................................................................................................................22

2INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
Introduction
The objective of the assignment is to recognize the management issues that takes place
within a particular organization. This also helps in understanding the process of decision making
so that proper efforts can be provided towards the information system accessed by the
organization. The proposal is being developed for the purpose of understanding the need of
proper information management within the organization Town hospital, Romanian. In order to
enhance the issues and functionality within the renowned healthcare organization it becomes
crucial to implement an effective system that has the potential to enhance and manage the
performance. The selected system for improving the performance is ERP system. It is expected
that with the support of an ERP system it becomes easy to manage the performance within the
system. With the help of this information management proposal it will become easy to manage
the performance within an organization and will also ensure that the decision is taken effectively
in a timely manner. Medical care has a prominent place as it helps in restoring the health
conditions of the patients and ensures that with proper communication and services towards the
patients it becomes easy to enhance the way of living. Thus the paper will highlight all the
necessary components effectively so that it becomes easy to understand the importance of
suggesting a new system.
Stage1- About the organization
Town hospital is one of the most renowned company in Romanian and are mainly
available for the people associated with the particular town. This healthcare industry is known
for providing free healthcare services towards the age group between 0-10 that is towards the
kids. Moreover the Romanian citizens without a paid insurance has the right for emergency free

3INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
medical assistance. The organization offers a wide range of benefits as a universal healthcare
system. The state provides effective finance structure towards the people of the town so that they
can achieve maximum healthcare benefits. The access towards the healthcare facility is
guaranteed under Article 34 of the Romanian Constitution.
The major issue that is faced by the Town healthcare organization is with organizing the
customer data sets and the associated operational costs. Beside this it have been also observed
that there is a huge issue that is faced with the patient’s data stored and shared within the system.
There is a need to implement a software that will be able to deliver an improved customer
services towards the members associated with the organization (Tarhiniet al. 2015). In order to
enhance the performance it is proposed that there is a need of an effective information
management system that will be able to provide huge benefit towards the organization and the
patients associated with the healthcare industry.
Every health care industry is known for the services that are offered by them. Town
hospital is also known for the facilities that are offered towards the customers so that they can
manage a better way of offering services towards the customers. The business process is referred
to the main processes that are associated with an organization and used for determining the
functionalities that are offered towards the customers. The major business processes that are
associated with the Town hospital includes boom appointment, patient healthcare card, get
medical assistance, and enroll for insurance, pre-employment medical checkup. Beside these
there are some internal business processes that includes patients support, monitoring employees
performance, information management, maintenance of medical equipment’s, logistic support
towards the information system, quality analysis, and managing salary of employees (Shatat
2015). This activities are considered as the important business processes of Town healthcare

4INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
organization. With the help of this activities it can be ensured that an effective way of managing
the performance within the organization can be performed effectively.
Stage 2
About the ERP system
Every organization divides the functionality into two parts that is the internal activities
and the external activities. The Town hospital performs a lot of business processes and thus it
becomes essential to identify the major issues that are faced by the Town healthcare at the
current stage so that it can improve the performance. While analyzing the internal procedures
associated with the Town hospital it has been observed that the organization faces some major
issues with the internal activities and thus it is important to implement an ERP system that will
be able to remove the issues by improving the performance of the organization. The main
motive behind implementing an ERP system within the organization is that it offers an effective
way for improving the internal business processes and also enhances the performance
effectively. With an effective implementation process for ERP system it will become easy to
manage the efficiency of the organization (Abu-Shanab et al. 2015). The IT expenses, labor cost
gets reduced with the execution of the ERP system within an organization and also ensures that
the organization is able to improve the interactions between the staffs and the organization.
However for the purpose of implementing an ERP system it is very much crucial to make
significant investment of money and time so that it becomes easy to enhance the performance of
the association. It is expected that the implemented ERP system has the potential to carry out the
working procedure in a different and enhanced way.

5INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
With the recent advancement in the technologies it has been observed that ERP system
has the potential to improve the performance of a healthcare industry widely by offering an
effective way of storing the customer data and can also provide information electronically. This
reduces the chances of data lost and hence it can increase the efficiency (Monferrer et al. 2019).
In addition to this the implementation of an ERP system it is expected that the open
communication will improve that will provide a better access over all the data stored within the
system. The data can be updated within the database effectively. Moreover it is observed that
better patient care can be provided with the use of an ERP system in Town hospital. The major
reason behind proposing an ERP system towards the organization Town hospital is to reduce the
operational costs by adopting new technologies. Thus it can be stated that the proposed
information system will be able to store the data of the patients effectively so that it can provide
a better way of managing the customers. The major problem that is faced within the selected
organization is with managing the customer services (Le 2017). It becomes very important to
manage the system so that it can offer a better way of providing support towards the
organization.
Functionality of ERP system for Town Healthcare
The major reason behind proposing the implementation of the proposed ERP software
within the hospitals is that it offers an effective way of managing the cost, operational efficiency,
enhances the patient safety and boost the services offered by the healthcare industry. With the
effective growth in the healthcare industry an ERP system is considered to be one of the major
system as it has helped in managing the managerial process effectively (Laudon 2015). Moreover
it has been observed that the cost management within the organization can also enhance with

6INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
implementation of the enterprise resource planning software. There are some features that are
offered with the proposed system that includes:
Shared data: the proposed ERP system for the town healthcare organization will be able
to store the major details regarding the patients effectively and also offers a better way of sharing
the data through different departments (Masa'deh 2017). Thus with an effective way of sharing
the data it becomes easy to ensure that the customer services and accounting department is
handled effectively with all the necessary data.
Centralized module: the employees within the organization has the ability to manage the
tasks effectively without switching between the tasks. The information gets stored effectively
within the system and also ensures that each parts are considered effectively so that they can be
accessed efficiently.
Timely and accurate reports: with the growing development and enhancement of the
database it can be stated that there is a need to integrate each data timely and accurately so that it
can manage the performance. This will reduce the time needed for generating the reports and
also helps in organizing the information.
With the implementation and integration of an ERP system it becomes essential to have
the following characteristics:
 Use of centralized common database management systems
 The ERP system should have the ability to solve complex problems
 ERP system is internet enabled
 Works with real time with proper batching processes
 Should offers flexibility along with better business processes

7INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
 Integrated module is offered towards the customers
The vendors that are linked with implementation procedure for the ERP system includes the
accounting, financial, supply chain management. Beside this there are different management
section that includes sales and distribution management, E-business and production management.
In order to integrate an ERP system within the Town healthcare organization it becomes
essential to introduce relatively powerful PCs and powerful servers within the organization so
that they can perform maximum activities efficiently in time (Hill and Brierley 2017). Beside
this the client system functions are mainly performed under the three following layers that
includes application layer, presentation layer and database layer. The presentation layer is mainly
concerned with the graphical user interface for the purpose of accessing the functions within the
system. On the other hand application layer is concerned with managing the business rules,
functions logic and the programs that are performed on data that are stored within the database
servers (Harwood 2017). The database layer includes the management of organization’s
operational data so that it can provide better control over the data.
System requirements
In order to make the ERP implementation within the healthcare industry there is a need to
install proper software so that it can offer a better way of managing the performance. This will
also ensure that the connected server is able to provide a better way of managing the server and
the clients associated with the organization (Alcivar and Abad 2016). The hardware and software
requirements for ERP implementation varied from organization to organization and thus it
becomes essential to understand the transaction activities effectively so that it can provide a
better way of managing the resources.

8INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
Reason behind selecting ERP system
Enterprise resource planning is one of the effective system that can enhance the features
offered towards the customers of an organization. The main reason behind integrating ERP
system within the healthcare industry is that it helps in improving the facilities and relation with
the customers. The reasons that are considered as important for implementing the ERP system
within the Town hospital are as follows:
 ERP system has the potential to improve the business performance and objective
 Makes the job of employees easier
 To enhance the regulatory compliances
 Offers a better way of integrating the systems
 This has the potential to replace the old ERP system
 Offers a better customized way of managing the customers
 Reduces the need of working capital
 Better visibility is ordered towards the customers
 Increases the efficiency
 Collaboration with the customers gets increased
 The security of data and data quality enhances within the organization
Beside all the benefits listed with the help of an effective ERP system it becomes easy to
manage the performance of the organization. This also helps in determining the data flow within
the healthcare industry so that proper data can be stored that will be capable of providing support
towards the organizational major activities. The enterprise resource planning system helps in
managing the decision making process and also includes proper procedures that will be able to
provide better support towards the business processes.

9INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
Stage 3
Potential problems
The major problem that is identified within the organization of healthcare industry is with
managing the customer services and the internal factors that are associated with storing the
patient’s data effectively within the system of Town healthcare organization. The organization
tends to face serious challenges with the services that are offered towards the patients of the
hospital. Thus there is a need to implement proper measure that will be able to provide a better
support towards the patients. The data stored within the system is one of the major factor that
should be maintained efficiently so that it can produce a better amount of result towards the
patient associated with the organization. Health records are treated as one of the major data
related to patient as this contains each details including their present health condition and the
way they needs to be monitored.
The problems needs to be removed so that it can enhance the performance within the
organization. The main reason behind improving the customer services is that it helps in adding
value towards the organization. With a better engagement policy it becomes easy to maintain the
relation between the customers and the organization. Moreover with the implementation of an
ERP system it can be expected that the customer retention rate will increase that will add benefit
towards the organization (Luft 2019). Beside this data management becomes easy with the use of
enterprise resource planning system. It is expected that with the implementation of an ERP
system it will become easy to reduce the major operational cost that can impact the performance
of the organization. The ERP system also offers a wide range of opportunities for the purpose of
storing the data effectively. The major problem that is faced within the selected organization is
with managing the customer services. This has the potential to improve the services offered

10INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
towards the customers and the way data managed within the system. One of the key reason
behind using ERP for removing the issue with storing the data and managing them within the
organization is that it helps in storing the data securely and the software gets patched within the
system. The threats are identified within the system by suppliers and they ensures that a new
patch is being issued so that it can secure the application offered with ERP. However while
implementing ERP system within the organization it becomes essential to ensure that the system
has been implemented successfully without any gaps so that it can offer better way of managing
the data stored within the system. The major features that are going to be offered with the new
system includes managing the customer, organizing the data, storing data effectively, generating
reports, processing payments, developing invoice, providing employees with payments, fixing
appointment, sorting list and storing appointment dates.
IMP for developing the new system
Introduction
The focus is on developing and integrating an ERP system so that it becomes easy to
manage the major activities within the organization successfully. Enterprise resource planning is
considered as one of the most basic level software that is integrated within an organization for
the purpose of streamlining the processes and information that are associated with the Town
Healthcare organization. The fundamental characteristics that are offered with the
implementation of an ERP systems is that it offers a shared database that supports several
purposes and can be used for performing different activities. It has been observed that the
organization Town healthcare faces major issues with the services that are provided towards the
customers and the way data is managed within the system. Thus there is a need to implement

11INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
proper software that will be capable of removing this issues from the organization so that
enhanced features can be obtained.
Aims and Objectives
The aim behind proposing an ERP system for the town healthcare organization is that it
offers an operative way of handling the details of patients effectively. The system offers an
efficient way of sharing the data. Thus it can be stated that with the help of an ERP system that
main objective can be obtained. With an effective ERP system the business performance of the
organization will improve. The data can be maintained with high security and proper quality
within the database of the organization. Thus it is expected that the information stored within the
system will be able to get enhanced with the use of newly implemented system.
ERD for ERP system
Entity relation diagram is considered as one of the major way of highlighting the features
that are offered with a system. The new system that is proposed for the Town healthcare
organization is an ERP system. Thus with the help of an ERD it will become easy to understand
the main features and activities that are going to be offered with the new system.

12INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
Cost for implementation
While developing a new system there is a need to assume some of the major cost that will
be indulged in carrying out the project. The major components for executing an ERP system for
the healthcare organization are the hardware and software requirements (Pearce 2016). For the
system it becomes essential to ensure that proper software and hardware are implemented with

13INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
proper price so that the implementation cost does not hampers the performance of the
organization.
Cost-Benefit - INPUT VALUES
Hardware $ 5,000.00
Software $ 1,000.00
Development team salaries $ 7,000.00
Training $ 30,000.00
Total Development Cost $ 43,000.00
Hardware $ 5,000.00
Software $ 400.00
Operational Labor $ 2,300.00
Total Operational Cost $ 7,700.00
Approximate salary savings $ 40,000.00
Reduced operating cost $ 4,000.00
Total Benefit $ 44,000.00
Discount Rate Used 3.00%
Cost benefit analysis (ROI)
Return on investment is referred to the ratio that is calculated between the net profit and
the invested cost amount. High ROI refers to the investment that is made effectively so that it can
offer a favorable amount towards the cost (Pearce 2015). The main aim of using ROI is that it

14INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
helps in evaluating the efficiency for the investment made. In other words it is stated as the way
of relating profits to the capital investments made. The standard formula that is used for the
purpose of calculating the ROI is given below:
Return on investment = (gain from investment – cost of investment) / cost of
investment
Project Cost-
Benefit
Analysis
Analysis
Variables:
Enter values for the cost-benefit analysis in
the INPUT_VALUES worksheet.
Discount Rate
Used
3.00%
Annual
Benefits
$
44,000.
00
Annual
Operational
Costs
$
7,700.0
0
One-Time
Development
Cost
$
43,000.
00
Year of Project

15INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
0 1 2 3 4 5 TOTA
LS
Economic
Benefit
$0.00 $
44,000
.00
$
44,000
.00
$
44,000.
00
$
44,000
.00
$
44,000.
00
Discount Rate 1.000
0
0.9709 0.9426 0.9151 0.8885 0.8626
PV of Benefits $0.00 $42,71
8.45
$41,47
4.22
$40,266
.23
$39,09
3.43
$37,954
.79
NPV of all
BENEFITS
$0.00 $
42,718
.45
$
84,192
.67
$
124,458
.90
$
163,55
2.33
$
201,507
.12
$
201,507
.12
One-Time
COSTS
$(43,
000.0
0)
Recurring
Costs
$0.00 $
(7,700.
00)
$
(7,700.
00)
$
(7,700.0
0)
$
(7,700.
00)
$
(7,700.0
0)
Discount Rate 1.000
0
0.9709 0.9426 0.9151 0.8885 0.8626
PV of $0.00 $ $ $ $ $

16INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
Recurring
Costs
(7,475.
73)
(7,257.
99)
(7,046.5
9)
(6,841.
35)
(6,642.0
9)
NPV of all
COSTS
$(43,
000.0
0)
$
(50,47
5.73)
$
(57,73
3.72)
$
(64,780.
31)
$
(71,62
1.66)
$
(78,263.
75)
$
(78,263.
75)
Overall NPV $
123,243
.37
Overall ROI
1.5747
Break-even
Analysis
Yearly NPV
Cash FLOW
$(43,
000.0
0)
$
35,242
.72
$
34,216
.23
$
33,219.
64
$
32,252
.08
$
31,312.
70
Overall NPV
Cash FLOW
$(43,
000.0
0)
$
(7,757.
28)
$
26,458
.95
$
59,678.
59
$
91,930
.67
$
123,243
.37
After calculating all the necessary data it has been observed that the total ROI for the
required implementation process is around 1.5747.

17INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
Information Requirement Analysis
Information requirements analysis is referred to the process in which the main purpose is
to determine the documents that are essential for carrying out a process or an activity that is
related to the business process model. With the help of this process it becomes easy to analyze
the requirements that are essential for defining the expectations of the users. Without analyzing
the requirements it becomes difficult to develop a new system (Sánchez 2015). The information
requirement analysis helps in identifying the user requirements effectively so that the developed
system can be used for the purpose of obtaining maximum benefits. This process includes
documenting high quality requirements that can be easily testable so that it provides support
towards the business opportunities and will eventually help in designing the system. The analysis
process is divided into different phases. The major phases that are associated with the
information requirement analysis includes elicitation of requirements, analyzing requirements,
requirements modeling, reviewing and retrospective. However in order to perform information
requirement analysis it becomes essential to use suitable techniques so that the new system can
be developed effectively. The major techniques are business process modeling notation, unified
modeling language, flowchart technique, and GAP analysis. The aim of this assessment is to
implement an ERP software within the Town healthcare organization so that the major issues can
be resolved effectively. This will ensure that the system is capable of storing the data related to
patients effectively within the system (Garefalakis et al.2016). Moreover it is expected that the
ERP implementation will help in improving the way services are offered towards the customer. It
is an essential component to ensure that proper services are offered towards the customers as it
will add value towards the organization and will help in earning a huge profit. The phases of

18INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
information requirement analysis are listed below along with the functions that are going to be
performed for ERP implementation phase.
Elicitation requirements: the process that is used for gathering requirements by
communicating with the main customers. The major drawback that was faced recently by Town
healthcare organization was with providing proper services towards the customers. Thus it
becomes essential to integrate an efficient software that will be capable of providing a huge
support towards the customers.
Analyzing the requirements: with the help of this step it becomes easy to identify the
quality of the requirements. This mainly includes identification of the requirements so that the
system can be established along with some requirements for meeting the needs of the
organization. After analyzing the issues within town healthcare it can be stated that there is a
need of an efficient system that will help in managing and storing the data within the system.
Along with this the system should be capable of managing the customers. Thus an ERP system
implementation is the best way of enhancing the performance within the organization.
Requirements modelling: with the use of requirement modeling phase it becomes easy to
document the requirements. For understanding and evaluating the needs the ERP system is being
designed with the help of an ERD diagram. ERD diagram will help in identifying the major
activities and processes that takes place within the system.
Review and retrospective: the main aim of this phase is to reflect on the previous phases
so that it becomes easy to increase the performance of the organization.

19INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
Issues faced while implementing ERP system
The growing technologies and needs of every organization it have been observed that
there is a need to integrate a suitable software that will be able to increase the productivity within
the organization. ERP system is considered as one of the most favorable business software that
has the potential to increase the throughput of the organization (Soomro et al. 2018). ERP system
helps in establishing a synchronized system that is capable of configuring connecting all the
business processes together so that it can offer a better way of managing the support. This also
provides the facility to gain competitive advantages over the competitors. However it has been
observed that there are several challenges that are faced at the time of implementing an ERP
system. The major issues that are faced with implementing an enterprise resource planning
system are listed below:
ERP vendors: while integrating an ERP system with the organization becomes important
and similarly it becomes equally important to select a proper ERP vendor who can provide better
support towards the functions performed by the organization (Van Erp, Wallenburg and Bal
2018). Trusted vendor will be beneficial for the organization and inappropriate vendor can lead
to serious damages.
Time needed for implementation: the time that is needed for implementing the ERP
system within the organization is huge and thus it needs to be designed in such a way that it does
not impact the performance of the organization (Al-Masree et al. 2015).
Implementation cost: the cost indulged in ERP implementation is much more than the
initial cost and this can impact the overall performance of the organization.

20INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
Employee retention: with the implementation of enterprise resource planning software it
has been observed that the number of employees leaving the organization increases despite of all
the facilities and training offered towards them.
Ethical considerations for ERP implementation
While implementing a new system it becomes essential to understand the various aspects
that will be resolved with the integration of system. before implementation it is important
consider four aspects that includes the energy gain, get entry to, the access that is offered towards
the group of people, and the individual who will be benefitted with this implementation process
(Schwalbe 2015). There are basically three normative theories that are needed to be influenced
while implementing the ETP system are as follows:
Stakeholder theory: this helps in protecting the interest of the investors that are
associated with the organization and manages all the costs (Celli et al. 2018).
Stakeholder theory: this theory is used for the purpose of protecting the interest of every
major stakeholders associated with the organization and works for making the organization a
successful one.
Social contract theory: this right includes the right of society and social wellbeing for
protecting the interest of company owners.
The ethical considerations that are needed to be considered while implementing an ERP
system within the Town healthcare organization are listed below:
 The implemented ERP system should protect the interest of customers
 Proper privacy should be maintained and decision should be made free rom owners
influence

21INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
 Errors needs to be rectified promptly so that it does not impacts the performance of the
organization
Thus the Town healthcare association needs to ensure that all the basic considerations are
maintained properly so that it can propose a better way of providing and managing the services
offered towards the customers and will also ensure that effective way of organizing the business
procedure is being implemented (Shen, Chen and Wang 2016).
Conclusion
Thus from the above report it can be concluded that there is a huge need to integrate the
system of the organization with an ERP system so that it can add benefits towards the system.
Town healthcare organization is one of the most influencing organization that has a large
customer base and thus it is essential to provide proper services and support towards the patients
so that they can maintain the same customer base. The paper has provided all the basic
components that are significant to understand the importance of ERP system application. In
addition to this IMP has been provided for the new system so that it becomes easy to identify the
major functions performed within the organization. the major benefits that are obtained with the
use of an ERP system is that it helps in focusing on minimizing the IT cists, improves the
efficiency and enhances the customers services. This are the main motive behind proposing ERP
system towards the Town healthcare organization. The paper has also included a cost budget
along with a ROI for the purpose of managing the actual cost that will be spent over
implementing the ERP system. Thus it can be stated that with the help of the IMP it will become
easy to understand the major objective behind integrating the ERP system within the business.

22INFORMATION AND BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
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