Applied Research Data Collection and Analysis Methods

2 2MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT Initiate and lead applied research Name of the student Name of the university Author Note: Assessment 4 Written Activity 1 4 Communication processes and Methods for effective communication 4 Data Collection and Analysis Methods 5 Legal Requirements, Policies, Procedures and guidelines 6 Presentation Techniques 7 Standard reporting Method 7 Basic Ethical Standard 8 Applied research tools and methods applied 8 Strategic Practices of Organizations 9 Written Activity 2 9 Policies and Procedures that relate to the research 10 Research proposal 11 Research Questions 11 Hypothesis 11 Valid Population

Running head: MANAGEMENT
Initiate and lead applied research
Name of the student
Name of the university
Author Note:

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Table of Contents
Assessment.................................................................................................................................4
Written Activity 1......................................................................................................................4
Communication processes and Methods for effective communication.................................4
Data Collection and Analysis Methods..................................................................................5
Legal Requirements, Policies, Procedures and guidelines.....................................................6
Presentation Techniques.........................................................................................................7
Standard reporting Method....................................................................................................7
Basic Ethical Standard...........................................................................................................8
Applied research tools and methods applied..........................................................................8
Strategic Practices of Organizations..........................................................................................9
Written Activity 2......................................................................................................................9
Policies and Procedures that relate to the research..............................................................10
Research proposal....................................................................................................................11
Research Questions..............................................................................................................11
Hypothesis............................................................................................................................11
Valid Population...................................................................................................................12
Description of the geographical, cultural or social context..................................................12
Data Collection methods......................................................................................................12
Analysis of Limitations........................................................................................................13
Design of an applied research project tools and techniques................................................13

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Documentation and presentation of research findings.........................................................13
Questions..................................................................................................................................14
Written Activity 3....................................................................................................................14
References and Bibliography...................................................................................................20

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Assessment
Written Activity 1
Communication processes and Methods for effective communication
Communication is the most important process of the modern day and thus an effective
communication process is the way to success for the modern day organizations. There are a
number of major communication processes that are important for the success of the
communication. This includes;
a. Ideas- The very first thing that needs to be communicated includes the likes of the
different types of the ideas that are important for the start of the communication
process (Yap Abdul-Rahman and Chen 2017). The presence of a subject for
communication is highly necessary for starting the process of communication. The
ideas must be communicated in front of everyone so that it can be discussed with all
and then the final decision be made.
b. Encoding- The encoding stage is the second stage when the message that needs to be
transferred will be structured and used accordingly. The more the structural discipline,
the more will be the chance of a better communication.
c. Signals- The signals stage is another crucial part of the total process of
communication as because this particular stage helps to build the way through for the
message or the signal to end with the receiver (Mercer-Mapstone and Kuchel 2017).
The signals stage helps to provide a meaning to the communication process.
d. Decoding- The decoding stage is carried out by the receiver of the message and it
comes just after the message is received by them. The recipients are able to decode
the message received through either by listening or reading out the message send. It is

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important for the recipient to train on the basis of the listening skills as well as avoid
any kind of distractions.
e. Meaning stage- The meaning stage is the stage where a meaning is added to the
message that has been received by the recipient (O'sullivan Raguillat Stern and
Willner 2016). The proper assessment of the message and understanding of the total
message helps to provide a proper and effective learning.
f. Feedback stage- According to, Sharakhina and Skvortsova (2019) the feedback stage
is the last stage of the process where, the message is assessed by the receiver and the
necessary feedback regarding the validity, the content and the understanding of the
message is conveyed to the sender by the receiver.
The different methods for the effective communication theory are as follows;
a. Written communication
b. Oral Communication
c. Visual communication
d. Non-Verbal communication
e. Social media communication
Data Collection and Analysis Methods
The data for a particular research can be gathered through a lots of means. This
includes the likes of;
a. Interview of the research participants
b. Case study research
c. Action research
d. Focus group discussions
e. Selection of live participants and through survey method

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There are two major types of analysis methods of the data this includes;
a. Qualitative methods- The analysis of data by means of qualitative methods involves
the use of the information from the earlier researches of the same subject as well as
from online resources and other resources that have been used somewhere else in the
past (Moser and Korstjens 2018).
b. Quantitative methods- The use of the quantitative methods involves the use of the
different types of the statistical data and use of statistical graphs and charts to
determine the different results from the research.
c. Mixed methods (Qualitative and Quantitative methods)- The use of both qualitative as
well as quantitative research methods are also used to find out the results of the
research and the process helps to make the method more genuine and informative in
nature (Azar and Menassa 2016).
Legal Requirements, Policies, Procedures and guidelines
The data for a research is a highly sensitive and important information of a research
and it must be tied in some legal regulations to prevent any leakage of information. The
regulatory instructions of the business must be followed appropriately in order to gain the
ground for business success (Tikkinen-Piri Rohunen and Markkula 2018). Data Privacy is
definitely the primary need among all the different needs of the research and thus the
researcher needs to ensure all the possible steps in order to gain a solid security system for
the data. The data privacy as well as the data security needs to be ensured in a research to
maintain a transparent environment.
The legal guidelines, policies and procedures needed to assess the total process will be
used to make the process more systematic in nature. The different legal requirements of the
research are generally determined through the ethical standards. The benefits and costs,

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maintenance of confidentiality and consent from all source of information is quite important
for the research to proceed. Thus the legal and ethical guidelines are needed to be maintained
accordingly to ensure success of the research.
Presentation Techniques
Presentation skills and speaking in public is one of the major aspect of professional as
well as personal life. The capability to present something in an efficient manner can be really
important for business as it helps a person to develop his professional skills in the best
possible manner (Dean et al. 2018). Though there are generally two major skills of
presentation in the form of verbal and non-verbal technique, a number of different other
techniques is equally important for the presentation skills. This includes the likes of;
a. Use of visual aids
b. Using the rule of three (using three points to define each thing)
c. A thorough rehearsal before the actual presentation
d. Use of stories to attract the targeted audience before whom the presentation is being
taken place
Standard reporting Method
A high quality standard reporting procedure must accurately provide the best
documental steps that can help to ensure the success of the reporting format. The steps and
documents needs to be understandable to all reading the same (Navin and Ganesh 2016). A
standard reporting procedure includes a number of steps that includes the likes of;
a. Inclusion of a reporting title
b. Inclusion of the abstract
c. Presentation of an executive summary
d. Inclusion of the summary

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e. Starting the report with an introduction
f. Presentation of a contents section
g. Inclusion of the methodology section
h. The presentation of the results
i. The presentation of the discussion section
j. The concluding part of the report
k. Presentation of the references and the bibliographies which were used to collect the
information
Basic Ethical Standard
Some of the basic ethical standards that needs to be followed during the conduction of
an applied research includes the likes of the;
a. Honesty
b. Integrity
c. Confidentiality
d. Carefulness
e. Responsibility
f. Genuine Information usage
Applied research tools and methods applied
Some of the major research tools of the applied research are as follows;
a. Qualitative Method- use of different earlier researches on the topic, use of online
resources and the use of the different types of the business elements of research
b. Quantitative Method- use of the statistical methods and use of pie chart, graphs and
data flow charts to determine the results of the research (Tolley et al. 2016)

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c. Mixed Method- use of both qualitative as well as quantitative research for obtaining
the result
Strategic Practices of Organizations
Written Activity 2
Strategic planning is important for a business organization as because it provides the
necessary structure that helps the management to undertake the day to day decisions that
follows a much larger mission and vision for the enterprise. The presence of a larger mission
and vision along with the creation of the direction for the enterprise gives a necessary boost
to the business and also influences the environment of the company (Paauwe and Boon
2018). Globalization across the world and other major changes has led to the creation of
major challenges for the management of the business organizations to face. According to,
Frandsen and Johansen (2017) the changes in different types of technology and innovative
measures has been quite a problem for the business organization. The presence of a strong
strategy can help the management to ensure business success and also ensure greater
sustainability in the future. The major objectives for the management of an organization is to
prepare a proper planning that can be helpful for the management to gain business success
and development (Paauwe and Boon 2018). A number of major steps needs to be
implemented by the management to create a systematic business strategy. This includes;
a. Development and clarification of the mission, vision and objectives
b. Creation of formal and informal organizational structures
c. Building up on priorities
d. The preparation of a solid HR management base that can be important for the success
of the business organization accordingly

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e. Identification of the funding sources and evaluation, selection and management of the
budgets
The different kinds of the processes that are used for the implementation of the above
mentioned steps are mainly through the likes of;
a. Planning
b. Organizing
c. Staffing requirements
d. Directing
e. Coordination process
f. Reporting to the staffs
g. Creation of a budget service
Policies and Procedures that relate to the research
The research regarding the strategic demands of the organization and the methods
used to identify these demands and create a strategic plan requires a set of policies and
procedures for the completion of the research. There are a number of different research
policies and procedures for the research, but the major two policies are namely the Ethical
principles that are selected for the research as well as the different kinds of the confidentiality
that needs to be implemented by the researcher to ensure the secrecy of the information as
well as the secrecy of the sources of the information (Shipman Swanquist and Whited 2017).
Both ethics as well as confidentiality forms a crucial element of the research as the absence of
these elements can lead to major problems in the research.
A brief discussion of both the elements can present a clear picture of the importance
of the elements. They are as follows;

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Ethics- Ethics forms an important part of the research. The absence of ethics can lead to
major problems in the research (Shipman Swanquist and Whited 2017). Ethical principles
like genuineness, restriction from using any other information from other researches without
proper consent, the proper referencing and acknowledgement of the authors from whose work
the research will be cited as well as the proper mention of the name of the organization along
with its official website to present a clear image of the total research.
Confidentiality- Confidentiality on the other hand, can be cited as a major element of the
research. A better confidentiality of the research can ensure maximum security from leakage
of information. The better the confidentiality, the better will be the chances of success. A
better confidentiality can help the organization to ensure success of the research.
Confidentiality is also needed in this particular case as any leakage of information regarding
the strategic details of the organization can be a commercial threat for them.
Research proposal
Research Questions
The research questions involving the research are as follows;
a. What are the major strategic goals of an organization?
b. How can strategy of an organization help to determine its growth?
c. How can strategy play a crucial role in the modern day business environment?
Hypothesis
The hypothesis of the research is as follows;
H0- Strategy does not play a crucial role in the growth of the organization
H1- Strategy plays a crucial role in the growth of the organization

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Valid Population
The selection of a valid population is highly important for a research. The selection of
the best population helps to gain the exact information on the topic of the research. Apart
from this the selection of the genuine people for the research can also help the research to
gain the best possible results and ensure success (Hess and Abd-Elsayed 2019). The research
in this particular situation will be using people involved with different organizations for the
research. The selection of the workers and the managers for the following research is
important as the research involves the strategic importance of the organization in a proper and
efficient manner.
Description of the geographical, cultural or social context
The selection of strategy by the management of the organizations definitely involves
the presence of the different geographical contexts that is important for the research. It is
important for the organization as because it requires to evaluate all the different types of the
areas requires to ensure success. The description of the organizational elements is important
for the research to ensure success.
Data Collection methods
The information will be collected through interview methods where the selected
research participants will be interviewed and the responses of the participants will then be
analysed accordingly to gain the exact results of the research (Cyr 2016). The use of the
interview method is useful for the research as because such a method can help to gain the best
possible results and ensure success. The collection of information through the interview
method can also ensure transparency as the involved participants will directly present their
overviews on each questions freely which will guarantee the genuine nature of the research.

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The data collection methods in the form of interview is thus is more genuine for the following
research.
Analysis of Limitations
The analysis of the limitations is thus important as because it will help to gain an idea
on the importance of the creation of a strong strategy and will also present an opportunity to
gain idea on the effectiveness of strategy in the modern day business organizations.
Design of an applied research project tools and techniques
The design of the applied research tool for performing a research on the strategic
objectives of business are as follows;
a. Planning a Research Proposal Writing
b. Planning a Research proposal Workshop
c. Creation of the literary review of the research
d. Selection and implementation of the research methods (Qualitative as well as
Quantitative)
e. Research Ethics
f. Data analysis
g. Research Conclusion
h. Research presentation
Documentation and presentation of research findings
The documentation and analysis of the research findings is important for a research.
The analysis is as follows;
a. Analysis of Data- The data will be analysed through the means of the organizational
elements of the research. A proper research one the following elements needs to be

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analysed to ensure the best of the business (Cyr 2016). The analysis will be done
through the primary as well as the secondary methods of research. The primary
research will be done through the interview process where the participants of the
research will be interviewed according to the process. On the other hand, the
secondary methods will help to gain an idea of the different earlier researches
conducted on the same.
b. Valid and Reliable findings- The selection of the primary as well as the secondary
methods of analysis will present the opportunity to gain validity and reliability of the
data presented. The use of the primary as well as the secondary methods helps to
ensure success of the research.
c. Recommendations for further research- The research will certainly add a number of
information to the topic on strategy in business. However the absence of the selection
of real life examples can act as a major loss for the research. Therefore it is important
for the research to gain recognition through a selection of different organizations in
real life so that the strategical choices of the organization, their effectiveness, choice
of formulation and their limitations can be analysed accordingly.
Questions
Written Activity 3
1. What information should you clarify and confirm when undertaking applied
research?
The very first information that needs to be clarified and confirmed while
undertaking an applied research includes the identification of the problem, reviewing
the literature and then clarify the problem. It is important for understanding the

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problem and then start the research accordingly. The identification and clarification of
the research thus helps the research to be conducted in a proper manner.
2. How can you clarify and confirm information regarding applied research?
The information regarding the applied research can be confirmed through the
observation of a particular phenomenon and also through the establishment of the
major problems that are observed within the topic of the research. The clarification of
the information in the applied research legitimizes the research process.
3. How can you collect and maintain data in a systematic manner?
The collection of data through the means of the proper analysis and selection is
highly important for the validity of the research. The collection of the data through the
correct means like primary and secondary ways can establish a genuine and improved
business process for the research. The data collection through these methods helps the
organization to answer the research questions properly and also helps to validate the
research.
4. What factors affecting the reliability and validity of data might you need to
analyze?
Some of the major factors that affects the reliability and validity of data and needs
to be analyzed are as follows;
a. Population characteristics
b. Subject selection and research
c. Effect of time
d. Research environment
e. Interaction of subject selection

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f. Changes in environment
g. Problems with data of research participants
5. What are 6 things an applied research strategy might cover?
An applied research strategy might cover;
a. Different types of the phenomenon
b. Different questions asked
c. The different kinds of the problems of the research that are covered under
applied research
d. The use of the different applicable research methods
e. Legitimization and legalization of the different professional areas
6. What criteria should a hypothesis meet?
A hypothesis must meet two basic characteristics. This includes the likes of
falsifiability and testability. One of the statements needs to be negative while the other
one seems to be positive in nature. The presence of the two different statements
creates the need to conduct the research and assess the validity of the research
elements or perspectives.
7. How should you frame a research strategy?
The different ways to frame a research strategy includes the likes of;
a. Researching the different ideas for the research paper topics
b. Helping the drafting of the introductory part of the research
c. Providing the research questions that will be important for the creation of the
research strategy

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d. Preparing the review after analysis of the questions selected for the research
e. Selection of the research methods
8. What factors should you consider in relation to methods, tools and data
collection techniques used in research?
A number of different methods and procedures can be sued for the selection of
data, methods and tools for the research. It is important for the research to analyze the
techniques and research to ensure the selection of the best methods. The major factors
to be considered are;
a. The type of the research
b. The methods to be used
c. The selection of the research ideology and many more as such
9. Briefly outline what the 2 main types of sampling are.
The two major types of sampling are as follows;
a. Probability Sampling- Random selection and statistical inferences
b. Non-probability Sampling- Non-random selection and selection through the
means of convenience
10. What 2 key areas must integrity be applied when optimizing the relevance of
the research?
The two key areas are as follows;
a. Ethics of research
b. Conducts in research

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11. What should you consider when optimizing the relevance of the research?
A number of things needs to be considered during the optimization of the
relevance of the research. This includes the likes of;
a. Brainstorming of the ideas
b. Making a list of the key words
c. Selection of the topic according to the needs of the research
d. Selection of the topic according to the purpose and importance of the research
e. Being flexible in nature
12. What should you consider when evaluating research findings?
The major criterions during the evaluation of the research includes the likes of the
below mentioned considerations. This includes;
a. Differentiation in between the different information resources
b. Choosing the suitability of the material of the search topic
c. Accessing the creditability of the data gathered
d. Accessing the quality of the data
13. What should you review the raw data and analyzed research findings for?
It is important for the reviewing of raw data and analysis of the research findings
because such an analysis helps the research to determine the statistical significance as
well as helps to provide an honest and accurate data.
14. What does collating and analyzing data involve?
The collating and analysis of data involves a number of steps. This includes the
likes of;

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a. Determination of the necessary information required
b. Setting a proper timeframe
c. Collection of the data from legitimate sources
d. Analysis and implementation of the data
e. Online data processing
f. Tracking of data by means of transactional process
15. What are 6 strategies for documenting and presenting research findings?
Some of the major strategies used for the documentation and presentation of the
findings include the likes of;
a. Identification and informing the targeted audience in advance
b. Highlighting the content of the research
c. Policy and practice recommendations
d. Timing and precise of the research practices
e. Inclusion of the different recommendations
f. No PowerPoint presentation
16. How can you identifying the need for and approach to further research?
The need for the research can be identified through the limitations and gaps in the
research and also through the needs of more information on the topic.

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