Automobile Industry Analysis and Trends

This assignment delves into the multifaceted realm of the automobile industry. It requires an in-depth analysis of current market trends, exploring factors influencing consumer preferences and purchasing decisions. The assignment also necessitates an examination of emerging technologies shaping the industry's future, including electric vehicles and autonomous driving. Furthermore, it calls for an evaluation of key players in the automobile sector, assessing their performance and strategies in a competitive landscape.

Running head: INNOVATIONS OF NEW ZEST SEDAN
Innovations of New Zest Sedan
Name of the student
Name of the University
Author note

1INNOVATIONS OF NEW ZEST SEDAN
Executive Summary
The purpose of this assignment will be the discussion of features of the new Zest Sedan that will
strengthen its hold in the current market. It will highlight target market, sampling frame
alternative and innovative sampling approach that would brand it as a much desired asset among
a large group of people. It will provide a vivid glimpse regarding new features of this much
coveted car and provide a discussion on why the results will be fruitful. The results bring out the
fact that alternative target market is aged people who want comfortable experience while they are
travelling. An operational definition will be of much help in recording individual requirements
and the outcome will fetch correct sampling results.

2INNOVATIONS OF NEW ZEST SEDAN
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Target Market Alternative...........................................................................................................3
Alternative Population Research Model......................................................................................4
Alternative way of Defining Sampling frame.............................................................................5
Sampling Approach for Zest Sedan.............................................................................................6
Recommendation.........................................................................................................................7
Conclusions:....................................................................................................................................7
References:......................................................................................................................................9
Appendix:......................................................................................................................................12

3INNOVATIONS OF NEW ZEST SEDAN
Introduction
Tata Motors is a popular brand in the domain of automotive manufacturing and provides
a great experience for a large number of customers. It produces products that range from cars,
trucks to that of sports cars and vans. It is one of the top four vehicle brands that manufactures
compact cars of middle size. Tata Motors was instrumental in manufacturing Zest Sedan that
initially was released in Nepal (Tata.com, 2017). It is a highly coveted product among urban
population because of the acute pleasure that it provides while driving and on account of its top-
grade performance. The sampling approach that has been set into force will throw light on the
necessities of present age consumer and the innovative features put into this current model will
be able to capture a sizeable portion of market and as a result make it a much desired product
among a wide population.
Target Market Alternative
The car’s interior has a stylish look that caters to the tastes of a large number of
youngsters. Its distinct modern look makes it a hugely popular product of young urban
population of the modern age. They can make use of the car while venturing to office or during
short holidays. Its sophisticated look endears it to urban population who prefer this model in
relation to other cars that are in the market. The car’s design has a classy feel and it creates a
sense of agility. The unique elements of this car like wide front and sporty look makes it in line
with the demands of 21st century youth (Dawar and Arora 2016). After undergoing thorough
testing and research, it has come out with unique revotron engine and it has partnered with
unique brands like Bosch and Honeywell. It was built on the innovative design of ‘Confident
Dynamism’ (Jahanshani et al. 2014). The new product was launched after interaction with

4INNOVATIONS OF NEW ZEST SEDAN
consultancies who have created a brand name for itself in international sphere. The new features
that have been integrated like adjustable steering wheel, information display for the driver and
cup holder in central console endears it to the young people. It also has front headrest that can be
adjustable and it also has dual tone interiors that gives it a distinct look. Feature of power
window, fog lamp in the front along with adjustable headrest in the front and rear makes it
comfortable for the passengers and provides a unique experience. It is also equipped with a
double-din stereo that is compatible with Bluetooth and also has the facility of stereo that is
touch screen. It boasts of low friction crankcase that would be able to minimize NVH. It
produces a high tech throttle experience that would surely minimize the discomfort that
accompanies jerks and sudden jolts when one travels along a bumpy road. One will also be
endowed with the opportunity to shift between different gears like that of Sport, City and Eco.
(Nepal and Seshadrinathan 2014).
It has underwent unique design optimization by making use of engine consultant AVL,
Austria that boasts of a silent engine that will work for the aged people who vouch for comfort
and a feeling of relaxation while being within the car. It is currently driven with the help of wire
experience that gives rise to a pleasing experience and allows one to be comfortable when one is
travelling through a road that is not smooth. Its electronic control unit makes sure that precise
control is obtained. Its Quadrajet Diesel engine works in tandem with F-Tronic technology that
provides a gear shifting experience of unique nature. With its innovative attention grabbing
features it has succeeded in drawing the attention of people who are aged whose key priority is
their comfort.
Global Positioning Satellite System will point forward to the exact location and provide
directions that are valuable so that one can successfully find their way (Lim et al. 2015). It will

5INNOVATIONS OF NEW ZEST SEDAN
thus be of immense help in locating nearby gas station or point forward to the ATM. It will thus
be very helpful for girls who would feel safe in the dead of night while venturing out alone
because they would succeed in tracing their location very easily with the help of GPS.
Alternative Population Research Model
Research population is indicative of a collection of individuals that is the main focus of
scientific enquiry. It helps in revealing the essential needs of population and based on survey a
product will be launched in the market that will be able to fulfill the important needs of the age.
Population was segregated based on gender- that includes that of the male and female population
(Emmel 2013). It will also provide a generalized view and will fail to take into account the
individual requirements of the different genders.
An alternative way was necessary as the previous system of over-defining population led
to faulty errors. A market that is defined narrowly will not be able to fulfil the aspirations of a
vast population. Results would be biased in such a case therefore it was essential that an
alternative path was devised. The division should be based on their age and not offer a
generalized view. Generalized point of view will not be able to take note of individual
differences. It will provide an outcome that will fail to cover the essential requirements of
population (Endsley 2016).
A more sensible population parameter will take note of the physiology and different life
circumstances of the person. If a person was nearing his retirement age, then his specific age
should be made note of. An operational definition will be of much help in evaluating the research
on an ideal basis and it will consider the individual requirements. More space will be needed for

6INNOVATIONS OF NEW ZEST SEDAN
the physically handicapped people so that they will be able to accommodate themselves
comfortably. The increasing size of the car will be able to fulfill the need in cases of this kind.
Alternative way of Defining Sampling frame
A sample is made by taking the help of sampling frame. Individuals or institutions may
fall under its scope. A perfect market research procedure is necessary and analytics community
will prove to be of great boon while making a sampling frame. Respondents who will volunteer
their own participation was previously thought to be sampling frame. This kind of survey method
would provide a biased view that will not be able to cover important aspects.
Unrepresentative sampling can give rise to execution flaw. A pre survey conducted will
be of great help in building effective co-operation that will result in accurate outcome. Post
survey follow up will highlight the drawbacks and it will help in deciding the necessity of a
second survey (Levy and Lemeshow 2013). Foreign elements within the frame should be
removed at the earliest since they are not an integral part of the population. People who have
moved away were not considered. While building the sampling frame those people who have
moved away will not be taken into consideration as the result will be faulty in this kind of case.
(Takeyasu 2013).
Inadequate population framing will give rise to erroneous outcomes that would not bear
any positive results. Duplications will lead to typographic errors and they should be removed
from the sampling frame. Units being given different names will prove to be helpful and it will
be able to prevent confusion. Once the smaller frames are merged then probability of unit
selection becomes vague (Palinkas et al.2015). A single unit if selected more than once will

7INNOVATIONS OF NEW ZEST SEDAN
reduce the accuracy of the result. The evaluation of a frame should be done at the very beginning
as a bad frame will result in erroneous outcomes at the end.
Sampling Approach for Zest Sedan
A statistical method done systematically would be able to state the minimum number of
samples that is necessary for training the classifier. The classifier with the ability of good
statistical ability will be able to in gauging the accuracy in the classification. A descriptive
statistical feature can be employed. Contributing features can be chosen by the use of C4.5 tree
algorithm (Patel 2015).
Hydraulic brake is integral to automobile engineering and keeping a check on this aspect
will be crucial for the results. It is important for safety of passengers. Vibration based learning
approach is necessary in order to assess the condition of hydraulic brake system (Pholdee,
Bureerat and Yıldız 2017). The sampling should make note of this important aspect before
coming to a final solution.
The sampling done should be based on the requirements of individual sex and take into
account the marital status. Knowledge about kind of family will also help to a large extent while
doing the sampling. Those in the government service and those in private sectors should be
sampled in a different manner that may reduce the chances of faulty results (Robinson 2014).
Income of respondents should also be a consideration while carrying out the sampling. A good
questionnaire method is necessary before finalization of the questionnaire. Marketing experts
along with auto sector experts should be consulted to determine whether the procedures are
correct (SHAH 2017). There should be a gap when advice is imparted and the day of survey that

8INNOVATIONS OF NEW ZEST SEDAN
would enable client to comprehend the essential aspects before putting forward their view
(Stephany 2013).
Recommendation
The new zest sedan should cater to the unique needs of different people. Anti-lock
brakes are much needed because it would enable to look after the wheel speeds individually. It
should also have steering columns that can easily be adjusted to height. It should also have
facility of steering wheels that can adjust to pedals electrically. There should be arrangement for
rear seat DVD player so that kids can enjoy the movie while being over the road. Global
Positioning Satellite System will indicate the specific location and provide direction at each level
so that one can easily find their way (Lim et al. 2015). It will help in showing the way to nearby
gas station or point out any ATM for the convenience of the users. A recent report has suggested
that the way of functioning of Automated Manual Transmission (AMT) is under intense scrutiny.
The moment one gets off the brakes after slotting into “D”, the car should slowly start moving.
The Zest does not move without the input of throttle. Modulating power becomes tricky when
when one is trying to move the car into a tight parking space or when moving amidst heavy
traffic. The tip tronic mode should be improved because the shifts offered are very slow. One
gets a head nod every time the car starts shifting up which can get really annoying. The
intercooler hose comes out of its mounting which can irritate the driver. When the hose pops off,
turbo pressure is lost and the car moves back into ‘limp-home’ mode. A pair of pliers can help in
this kind of case but the engine should cool down before one reaches for that hose. These
recommendations would surely improve the quality of the car and provide the customer with a
pleasant experience on the road.

9INNOVATIONS OF NEW ZEST SEDAN
Conclusions:
It can hence be concluded that the new zest sedan by Tata Motors serves the needs of all
kind of population. Its unique elements like sedan profile, wide front and sporty look caters it to
the demands of the 21st century youth. Its refined revotron engine enables the users to have a
great experience on the road. Quadrajet Diesel engine along with F-Tronic technology provides a
gear shifting experience that is of great convenience for the aged people (Sekar, Gowri and
Ramya 2014). The physiology and life circumstances of the person should be considered while
building the sampling frame. Operational definition will help in implementing effective research
procedure. A post survey follow up will highlight the drawbacks of the research method. The
foreign elements present in the frame should be eliminated as the results would otherwise be
faulty. A statistical feature that is descriptive can be used successfully and new features can be
devised on the lines of C4.5 tree algorithm (Schilling and Neubauer 2017).

10INNOVATIONS OF NEW ZEST SEDAN
References:
Dawar, D. and Arora, S., 2016. Event Study on Stock Prices of Tata Motors-A Study on Launch
of Zest. Wealth: International Journal of Money, Banking & Finance, 5(1).
Emmel, N., 2013. Sampling and choosing cases in qualitative research: A realist approach.
Sage.
Endsley, M.R., 2016. Designing for situation awareness: An approach to user-centered design.
CRC press.
Jahanshani, A.A., Hajizadeh, G.M.A., Mirdhamadi, S.A., Nawaser, K. and Khaksar, S.M.S.,
2014. Study the effects of customer service and product quality on customer satisfaction and
loyalty.
Levy, P.S. and Lemeshow, S., 2013. Sampling of populations: methods and applications. John
Wiley & Sons.
Lim, D.J., Jahromi, S.R., Anderson, T.R. and Tudorie, A.A., 2015. Comparing technological
advancement of hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) in different market segments. Technological
Forecasting and Social Change, 97, pp.140-153.
Nepal, B. and Seshadrinathan, K.A., 2014, January. AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO
OPTIMIZE DESIGN, MARKETING, AND MANUFACTURING OBJECTIVES DURING
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT. In Proceedings of the International Annual Conference of the
American Society for Engineering Management. (p. 1). American Society for Engineering
Management (ASEM).

11INNOVATIONS OF NEW ZEST SEDAN
Palinkas, L.A., Horwitz, S.M., Green, C.A., Wisdom, J.P., Duan, N. and Hoagwood, K., 2015.
Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation
research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services
Research, 42(5), pp.533-544.
Patel, K.J., 2015. A study of economic value added based performance measurement of selected
automobile companies in India.
Pholdee, N., Bureerat, S. and Yıldız, A.R., 2017. Hybrid real-code population-based incremental
learning and differential evolution for many-objective optimisation of an automotive floor-
frame. International Journal of Vehicle Design, 73(1-3), pp.20-53.
Robinson, O.C., 2014. Sampling in interview-based qualitative research: A theoretical and
practical guide. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 11(1), pp.25-41.
Schilling, E.G. and Neubauer, D.V., 2017. Acceptance sampling in quality control. CRC Press.
Sekar, M., Gowri, M.M. and Ramya, M.G., 2014. A Study on Capital Structure and Leverage of
Tata Motors Limited: Its Role and Future Prospects. Procedia Economics and Finance, 11,
pp.445-458.
SHAH, M.P., 2017, January. A STUDY ON CONSUMER INVOLVEMENT & BRAND
POSITIONING STRATEGIES IN INDIAN AUTOMOBILE SECTOR. In Academic
International Conference on Multidisciplinary Studies and Education (p. 42).
Stephany, K., 2013. Each Day Is a New Creation: Guidelines on Living a Life of Purpose.
Balboa Press.

12INNOVATIONS OF NEW ZEST SEDAN
Takeyasu, K., 2013. Consumers’ Activities for Brand Selection―Questionnaire Investigation to
Automobile Purchasing Case. Journal of Computations & Modelling, 3(2), pp.151-182.
Tata.com (2017). Tata Motors unveils the all-new Zest and Bolt via @tatacompanies. [online]
tata.com.

13INNOVATIONS OF NEW ZEST SEDAN
Appendix:
Author Name of Journal Key Finding
Vakhariya, S American Journal of Educational
Research
Long term sustainability of
automobile
Sekar, M., Gowri, M.M. and
Ramya, M.G.
Procedia Economics and Finance Impact of capital structure
decision on profitability
Tiwari, R., Kalogerakis, K. and
Herstatt, C.,
Frugal innovation and analogies Propositions for product
development