This article discusses the impact of social media on governance in the 21st century. It highlights the benefits and drawbacks of social media and how it has evolved governance. It also discusses the concept of E-governance and the need for laws to protect personal data.
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Running head: INTRODUCTION TO POLITICS Media, Politics and Governance (Assessing the increasing impact of social media on governance in the 21stcentury) Name of Student Name of the University Author Note
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1INTRODUCTION TO POLITICS Media, Politics and Governance Thetechnologicalrevolutionof1990s,theInternet,hasmetamorphosedthe connectivity of the world. The 21stcentury is distinguished by the fact that billions can now be connected at the same moment by accessing the internet from almost every corner on Earth. From laymen to the highest authority of the state, every segment is incorporated within the vast expanse of the internet. This impact is furthered with the inception of social media, a platform that comprises of several mobile and web-based applications fabricated with the aim of transforming communication into synergistic dialogues among individuals, communities and organizations (Obar & Wildman, 2015). The influence of social media over the various sections of the society including the governing body is inevitable and massive at the same time. Social media is a potential method used for governance, as several governments of the 21stcentury utilize the social media platforms for E-governance schemes and dispersing information through online avenues. Such utilization also contributes to transparence, better accountability and thereby enhanced governance (Mergel, 2013). Agovernmentcomprisesofgroupsofeligiblepeople,appointedwiththe responsibility and authority to administer and safeguard the people of a country or state. With the rapid transformation of the technology around the world, the governance too has evolved. The emergence of social media has made people more aware than ever and the government requires to be more active in order to gain the favoritism of the common mass, thereby pronouncing the significance of democracy. Similarly it can also influence the lives of millions through the interactive social media. The governance of various countries are substantially impacted with the use of social media, which has both its perks as well as hazards (Linke & Zerfass, 2013).
2INTRODUCTION TO POLITICS Social media enables the common mass to gain access to the programs and policies of the government more easily thereby heightening the concept of clarity in the framework of governance. Government websites assists the public with approachable agents with the objective of swift procurement of solutions for public issues (Criado, Sandoval-Almazan & Gil-Garcia,2013).Withtheradicaluseofsocialmedia,thegovernmentcandeftly communicateinformationtothecitizens,whichinturnbenefitstheclearandclose connection that is ideal for the state and its subjects. In today’s global digital advancement, multiple governments utilize social media for diverse purposes. During dire times of crises, several governments select social media as a means to communicate with the masses regarding the emergency procedures and safety instructions (Houston et al., 2015). For instance in 2018, during the devastating California Camp wildfire, the concerned government could promote evacuation protocols through social networking sites as well as connected evacuated residents with relief resources and kept providing them with updates regarding the status of the catastrophe. With active propagation on social media, the governments also influence common people to engage in diverse programs related to global causes such as safeguarding the environment. In this manner the government also aids the dissemination of knowledge regarding the growing concerns about the well-being of the Earth. There are several social media platforms utilized by the governments to spread awareness regarding the public rights and duties that facilitates the citizens of the state. Social media is also an efficient platform to attract people; hence, various states have official websites promoting the tourism industry of the concerned state. For instance, the Caribbean government utilizes this facet of the social media for enticing masses to visit the state and thereby influence the revenue earned by the tourism industry (onecaribbean.org, 2019). The concept of campaigning online before elections is no longer new for the common masses. Candidates of varied political parties from varied countries utilize social media sites in order
3INTRODUCTION TO POLITICS to propagate their motives and promises to gain the trust of the citizens (Biswas, Ingle & Roy, 2014). It also enables to construct online avenues for educational purposes, through which the government can mediate their views for the citizens to consider. It is due to the widespread use of social media that the concept of E-governance has evolved. Electronic governance assists the common people to gain access to information in the format of an application belonging to the ICT (Information and Communication Technology) category. E-governance provides prompt responses and efficient interactions amongst public and the government as well as within governments and businesses of different states. It secures and upholds the transparency of how the government deals with issues, to the common mass. The prime motive of introducing the E-governance system was to do away with the incredible amount of paperwork that the government deals with on a daily basis. By allowing data to be processed and accessed online, a certain section of governance becomes easy, however, it also raises threats regarding the security of such large amount of data stored online (Khasawneh & Abu-Shanab, 2013). The social media evolution leaves no strata of the society untouched. With an expanse of such huge impact, social media incorporates certain short comings which are in turn created by the people itself. The prime drawback due to which social media is almost always criticized is the different types of hacking (Hintz, 2013). Private data uploaded by the governments on various websites often are prone to the threat of being hacked. Several fraud websites and scams often harass the common people under the pretense of being connected with the government and even succeed in duping a number of people. Along with the benefits provided by social media it also incorporates these security issues that are often controlled and resolved by the governing bodies. Social media sites use bandwidths that are large in size and thus often there are instances wherein malwares and viruses infiltrate several systems causing to further leak of personal and public data in the wrong hands. With the availability
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4INTRODUCTION TO POLITICS of internet almost everywhere, the content available on the social media is not always relevant and safe. The common people encounter harassment due to the aforementioned issues. Social media being an open platform is easily accessible to spread news of any kind, whichoftenleadsto negativepublicityof notonly thegovernmentbut also certain personalities or firms. Adversities of social media can be resolved by the introduction of laws, acts and terms of punishments, for protecting personal data. In some countries the government does intervene in cases where there is a breach in the personal space of firms or individuals, however, it is not the same everywhere. With the rapid development and widespread use of social media it is imperative for governments around the world to introduce and implement laws for protecting its citizens from encountering the detrimental aspects of social media (Oh & Lee, 2014). Social media therefore acts both as a boon and a curse for the 21stcentury governance in various sectors. It contributes to the development of a transparent relationship between the state and its citizen. It pertains to devising a platform with the capability of aiding the public with an improved approach to gain information. Social media furnishes the government with scopes to champion noble causes and broaden awareness among the common masses. It also guides the governing bodies to confront crimes in varied fields. It also contributes to structuring preferable business relations as well as communities of all sorts. Nevertheless, the excessive use of social media delivers diminished volume of productivity among certain individuals that in turn damages the overall yield of any state. Therefore, advancing with the benefits and adverse facets of the incredible invention of the social media, global governance has evolved substantially in this era of modernization.
5INTRODUCTION TO POLITICS References: Biswas, A., Ingle, N., & Roy, M. (2014). Influence of social media on voting behavior. Journal of Power, Politics & Governance,2(2), 127-155. Criado, J. I., Sandoval-Almazan, R., & Gil-Garcia, J. R. (2013). Government innovation through social media. Hintz, A. (2013). Dimensions of modern freedom of expression: Wikileaks, policy hacking, and digital freedoms. InBeyond WikiLeaks(pp. 146-165). Palgrave Macmillan, London. Houston, J. B., Hawthorne, J., Perreault, M. F., Park, E. H., Goldstein Hode, M., Halliwell, M. R., ... & Griffith, S. A. (2015). Social media and disasters: a functional framework for social media use in disaster planning, response, and research.Disasters,39(1), 1- 22. Khasawneh, R. T., & Abu-Shanab, E. A. (2013). E-government and social media sites: the role and impact.World Journal of Computer Application and Technology,1(1), 10- 17. Linke, A., & Zerfass, A. (2013). Social media governance: regulatory frameworks for successful online communications.Journal of Communication Management,17(3), 270-286. Mergel, I. (2013). A framework for interpreting social media interactions in the public sector. Government information quarterly,30(4), 327-334. Obar, J. A., & Wildman, S. S. (2015). Social media definition and the governance challenge- an introduction to the special issue.Obar, JA and Wildman, S.(2015). Social media
6INTRODUCTION TO POLITICS definitionand the governance challenge: An introduction to the special issue. Telecommunications policy,39(9), 745-750. Oh, S., & Lee, K. (2014). The need for specific penalties for hacking in criminal law.The Scientific World Journal,2014. onecaribbean.org.(2019).Caribbeantourismdevelopment,statistics&information. Retrieved 21 July 2019, from https://www.onecaribbean.org/