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Introduction to Psychology

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Added on  2019-10-18

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This article covers the basics of psychology including interpersonal processes, altruism, aggression, and social influence. It includes a discussion of factors that attract people to each other, theories of altruism, major theoretical approaches to understanding aggression, and an online activity on social influence. The most interesting aspect of the chapter is the concept of genuine altruism.

Introduction to Psychology

   Added on 2019-10-18

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Introduction to psychologyIntroduction to Psychology[Type the date]Introduction to PsychologyInterpersonal ProcessesName:NameSubmitted toDate1
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Task A. Answer three (3) of the following learning objectives (~300 words)1.Describe the factors that attract people to each otherThe prime factors that attract people towards each other, as given by Burton L,Westen D and Kolwaski R are:1.Physical exposure referring the level of interaction and familiarity. It wasstated by the Baumeister & Bushman (2008) that after this initial exposure thepeople are seen to have a more positive attitude towards the same kind ofstimulus.2.Social reward where the benefits and rewards are being brought in therelationship. This can be in the form of the wealth or social status.3.Similarity is when the sharing of values, attitudes and interests takes place.4.Physical attractiveness referring towards the one’s attractiveness and physicalbeauty.2.What is altruism? Distinguish among the theories of altruism.When the people are seen to act so as to benefit other people and not themselves, evenif it is inducing harms and money to themselves. The various theories of altruism are mentioned below:Genuine altruism: This theory of altruism is not connected with the socialstatus, religion obligation, appreciation towards others and personal interests.This is concerned majorly on kindness and compassion. Ethical Hedonism: This theory of altruism is based on bringing pleasuretowards the actors as compared to anything they spend on themselves. Thesepleasures are basically ranging from the emotional satisfaction and lesseningthe negative feelingsReciprocal altruism: This is based on the momentary altruistic where the lastmotivation is considered to be the actor’s benefit. The cost of altruism isusually seen to be overcome by the benefit of the act. (Burton L, Westen Dand Kolwaski R)
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3.What is aggression? Describe the major theoretical approaches tounderstanding aggression.A kind of social interaction like words or the behaviour that is seen to hurt, discomfort ordamage the other people. There are two types of aggressions:Instrumental Aggression: This type of responses are usually intentional or goaloriented actions.Hostile Aggression: This type of responses are an outbreak in nature which are noteven desired by the subject. The following are the major theoretical approaches to understanding aggression:According to Aidan S, a psychodynamic view was presented.It included the instinctive action like memory or even thoughts regardless of themeditational control. It was seen that the aggressive behaviors were an outcome ofindividuals feeling helpless and even driven greatly by the various aggressive urgesnamely embarrassed, angry and disappointed.According to David M. B. (1997), an evolutionary view was presented. The formation of any kind of behavior is contributed due to the thought processes. Itis seen that the human nature is no entirely good or bad. Their nature is determined bywhat they’ve learnt. Usually the meditational processes namely the thoughts andlearning contribute to the aggressive actions. Task B: Online line activity with specific questions to be answered on Social influence(obedience and conformity) (~200 words)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOYLCy5PVgMThuy Thu Dinh s3463194
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