Roles and Characteristics of Leaders and Managers in an Organization

Part 1 and Part 2

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Part 1................................................................................................................................................3
Define different roles and characteristics of leader and manager in an organisation.................3
Difference between leader and manager.....................................................................................5
Role of leaders and manager's functions in different situational context....................................6
Different theories and models of approaches..............................................................................8
Part 2................................................................................................................................................9
Important approaches of operations management and role of managers and leaders in it..........9
Importance and value of operations management to achieve business goals and objectives. . .10
Impact of business environment factors on operational management and decision making of
leaders and managers................................................................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12
Books and Journals:..................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Management refers to a process of managing operations in a business organisation in
order to assure smooth running of a business. Operations in a business are refers to day to day
operations of an organisation to achieve its objectives and goals. Management includes various
persons who are responsible for management of operations in an organisation. They are
classified by different names in respect of their quality and role in an organisation that are
leaders and managers. TESCO Plc. is a groceries and general products retailer established in UK.
It operates in seven countries across Asia and Europe and became third largest in world in terms
of its gross revenues (Monteiro, Hopkins and Melo, 2020). This report contains organisational
structure of TESCO and defines different roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager. It
also helps to understand various leadership style with help of different leadership theories and
approaches. Second part of this report contains various business environment which impact on
decision making of leaders as well as managers.
Part 1
Define different roles and characteristics of leader and manager in an organisation
Management plays an important role in effective and efficient working of an
organisation. In respect of TESCO, it is a multinational company whose organisational structure
works in three levels that are top level, mediate level as well as base level. All these level
contains managers and leaders for organisation who has different roles in organisation to play
(Delanoy and Kasztelnik, 2020). So many times leader and manager is used interchangeably but
in real they both have their own different roles in an organisation and are different to each other.
They both are explained below in detail.
Leader: Leader is a person who is responsible in maintaining efficiency in an
organisation and provide guide to employees to move towards vision of organisation. Leader
helps an organisation to achieve their mission as well as vision of an organisation. The main
focus of a leader should be on building healthy relations with employees and motivate them in
achieving organisational objectives. In respect of TESCO, employees which are responsible to
handle and command different teams of organisations are considered as leaders for organisations.
Managers: Managers are part of management of an organisation and responsible for
major decision making of a business. They formulate plans, policies, norms, strategies for

operational activities of business which should be followed by leaders and other employees of
organisation. In respect of TESCO, those employee of organisation are considered as managers
who are responsible to guide and instruct leaders about plans, policies and strategies of
organisation. They also assign them task to be accomplished by teams of respective leaders
(Gürlek and Çemberci, 2020).
Role of leader
Innovative vision: In such a competitive market it is important for organisation to be
innovative and creative. This task can be accomplished if leader has innovative ideas to be
applied in production and other functions of an organisation. It is responsibility of a leader to
guide their employees with new ideas in order to complete the task in efficient manner. In
context of TESCO, leaders provide better opportunities to employees to give their ideas for
better functioning and effective decision making in an organisation.
Provide training and guidance: Necessary training to be provided to employees is
responsibility of a leader. Leader is solely responsible for training and development of
employees in order to make them work in organisation in an effective manner. In context of
TESCO, they provide an efficient training to their employees in order to develop their skills
which motivates them to perform their work in efficient manner. It also helps the organisation to
increase productivity of employees.
Characteristics of leaders
Delegation of work: TESCO is a large organisation and requires delegation of work with
proper authority and responsibility. Leaders are provided a task which should be completed by
them with their team. Leader has the ability to delegate that work to employees in such a manner
that it is accomplished by a person who is good at it. Proper and planned delegation helps to
achieve objectives in an efficient manner (Kim, 2020).
Effective Communicator: Effective communication is essential to communicate work to
employees in efficient manner. Leader is responsible to communicate work to employees and
possess a quality of effective communication. In TESCO it is essential for leaders to have an
effective communication and with span of time they develop their skills and became an effective
communicator.
Role of Managers